Stoiba swartzii (Thunberg in Schoenherr 1808)

Shin, Chulwoo & Chaboo, Caroline S., 2012, A revision and phylogenetic analysis of Stoiba Spaeth 1909 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae), ZooKeys 224, pp. 1-36 : 17-20

Stoiba swartzii (Thunberg in Schoenherr 1808) Figures 38-43

Cassida swartzii Thunberg in Schönherr 1808: 229 [original description with figure]; Sekerka 2008: 305 [ Thunberg’s collection list in Uppsala University Zoological Museum].

Chelymorpha swartzii : Boheman 1854: 26 [description], 1856: 76 [checklist]; Leng and Mutchler 1917: 212 [supplement of previous list].

Chelymorpha swartzi : Boheman 1862: 199 [checklist]; Gemminger and Harold 1876: 3641 [catalog]; Leng and Mutchler 1914: 458 [list of the West Indies Coleoptera ].

Stoiba swartzi : Spaeth 1914: 51 [catalog]; Blake 1966: 214 [figure]; Borowiec 1996: 229 [faunistic record], 1999: 131 [catalog].

Stoiba swartzii : Blackwelder 1946: 743 [checklist]; Wilcox 1975: 151 [checklist]; Chaboo 2000: 379 [outgroup in phylogenetic analysis]; Takizawa 2003: 107 [checklist]; Borowiec and Świętojańska 2012 [online catalog].

Stoiba rufa Blake 1966: 218 [original description including figure]; Wilcox 1975: 151 [checklist]; Borowiec 1999: 131 [catalog]; Takizawa 2003: 106 [checklist]; Borowiec and Świętojańska 2012 [online catalog]. syn. nov.

Type material.

Holotype (Figs 38-40), with label “Jamaica”, with red label added "HOLOTYPE, Cassida swartzii Thunberg 1808,det. by C. Shin 2012", deposited in NHRS.

Type locality.

“Jamaica”

Specimens examined.

Jamaica: Clarendon Parish: Cumberland District, 3000 ft. Dec. 15-18 1919 (AMNH: 1);W Robinson (AMNH: 2); Kingston Parish: Dec. 1967, NLH Krauss (USNM: 1); Portland Parish: Morces Gap, July 22 1958, MW Sanderson (INHS: 1); St. Andrew Parish: Cinchona Garden in Blue Mts. on vine, June 13 1931, M Kisliuk (AMNH: 1, USNM: 21); Cinchona Garden in Blue Mts. 4900 ft. July 23 1923, FR Mason (MMUE: 1); St. Thomas Parish: Corn Puss Gap, June 1937 (CMNH: 2); Morant Bay Rd. 14.5 miles east of Kingston, 21 July 1963, TH Farr (USNM: holotype of Stoiba rufa , type No. 68195); Morant Bay Rd. 14.5 miles east of Kingston, Sept. 6 1964, TH Farr (USNM: paratype of Stoiba rufa , type No. 68195); no further data: ex Holland collection (CMNH: 2); F Klages, ex Holland collection (CMNH: 1); “5433C” (BMNH: 1); "45 100" [1845 Jamaica, purchased from Gosse] (BMNH: 1); "1867, 6756" [67-56, acquired in 1867] (BMNH: 2); ex Baly collection [retained by Spaeth] (MMUE: 1); no further data (NHRS: holotype; UWCP: 2).

Diagnosis.

Stoiba swartzii (Figs 10, 38-43) is distinguished from Stoiba angusticollis and Stoiba fuscicornis by its brown pronotum and reddish and opalescent elytra. It also differs from Stoiba angusticollis by its 4-toothed mandible (Fig. 59), elongate maxillary palpus (Fig. 61), and elongate labial palpus (Fig. 63) and from Stoiba fuscicornis by a moderately distinct elytral margin.

Description.

Adult (n=42) length 5.2-10.3 mm, width 5.0-9.6 mm. Body (Figs 10, 38-43) rounded to oval, broadest at anterior 1/3 of elytra in dorsal view; pr ofile moderately convex, highest at anterior 1/3 of elytra. Antennae (Figs 38, 56) pale brown; antennomere III 2 times as long as II; IV as long as III or slightly shorter; V–XI pubescent; VII as long as broad; XI as long as antennomere I. Mandible (Fig. 59) with four distinct teeth with one vestigial tooth ventrally or absent; maxillary palpus (Fig. 61) and labial palpus (Fig. 63) elongated. Pronotum (Figs 38-43) hemispherical or trapezoidal with anterior margin slightly emarginated or linear. Scutellum shiny, yellowish brown to deep red (coloration same as pronotum or elytra). Elytra reddish brown to deep red, finely punctate, distinctly opalescent (blue); elytra margin area often entirely distinct. Hind wing fully developed.

Distribution.

Jamaica: Clarendon Parish; Kingston Parish; Portland Parish; St. Andrew Parish; St. Thomas Parish.

Nomenclature.

Borowiec (1996) indicated Boheman (1862) as the author of Stoiba swartzii . Sekerka (2008) clarified Thunberg as the author and the year (1808). In the original description (Thunberg in Schönherr 1808), Thunberg described with both named Cassida swartzi and Chelymorpha swartzii . According to ICZN [Article 32.2.1], "If a name is spelled in more than one way in the work in which it was established, then, except as provided otherwise in this Article, the correct original spelling is that chosen by the First Reviser [Art. 24.2.3] (or, if applicable, by an original author when acting as First Reviser [Art. 24.2.4])." Therefore, the correct name is Stoiba swartzii which was used by the first reviser, Boheman (1854).

Remarks.

The type specimen of Stoiba swartzii is included in the catalog of Thunberg’s collection at UUZM, however the physical location of the specimen is within Schöenherr‘s collection at NHRS. Thunberg described Stoiba swartzii mainly by coloration. He mentioned the scutellum with the same color as the elytra. We found the color of scutellum can be the same color of either the pronotum or the elytra. Blake (1966) distinguished Stoiba swartzii from Stoiba rufa by mentioning the coloration of Stoiba swartzii as having "deep purple blue or even deep reddish blue elytra." It needs to be clarified that the purple or blue coloration is not the basic color of elytra but is from opalescence. Blake (1966) also used body size, proportion, and other coloration to distinguish between Stoiba swartzii and Stoiba rufa . During our study, we found that different sized specimens of Stoiba swartzii have different color variations. We also found varia- tion in body proportion, elytral width, and pronotum shape (Figs 10, 38, 41-43). The figure of Stoiba swartzii in the original description (Thunberg in Schönherr 1808) shows a rounded body shape, which is different from the oval body shape on the holotype of Stoiba rufa (Fig. 10). However, the paratype of Stoiba rufa (Fig. 41), which is from the same collecting event and designated by Blake (1966), looks more similar to other Stoiba swartzii (Figs 38, 42-43). After comparing the holotypes of Stoiba swartzii and Stoiba rufa (Fig. 10), and other specimens,including a female genitalia comparison (Figs 79-80), we concluded that the variation between Stoiba swartzii and Stoiba rufa is continuous. Therefore, we synonymized Stoiba rufa with Stoiba swartzii .