Talaromyces oumae-annae Visagie, N. Yilmaz, Seifert & Samson

Ganeshalingam, Archchana & Daranagama, Dinushani A., 2022, First comprehensive study on distribution frequency and incidence of seed-borne pathogens from cereal and legume crops in Sri Lanka, Phytotaxa 531 (3), pp. 267-281 : 276-278

Talaromyces oumae-annae Visagie, N. Yilmaz, Seifert & Samson , in Visagie, Hirooka, Tanney, Whitfield, Mwange, Meijer, Amend, Seifert & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 78: 130 (2014)

Index Fungorum registration number: 809187

Colonies on PDA covered half the 9 cm plate in 2 weeks at 28–30 0 C, rapidly growing, greenish grey with a white margin, reverse pale orange with a white margin, circular, margin entire, appearance smooth, velvety, flat, slightly raised at the center, white exudate at the center, dense sporulation ( Figure 1e .). Conidiophore 85–240 μm (x̄=183) in length and 2.5–3.5 μm (x̄=3.2) in width, hyaline, septate, simple branching phialides flask-shaped, Conidia 3–3.5 μm (x̄=3.3), round or ellipsoidal, single-celled.

Notes: The isolate MZ277272 from this study was similar to Talaromyces oumae- annae of accession number HQ829146 (identity: 548/556, gaps: 4/556).

Determination of the quality of seeds

The seed coat of most Arachis hypogea seeds was covered with black powdery mass ( Figure 6a ). Discolorations were observed in few seeds of Vigna radiata and Vigna sinensis ( Figure 6c, d ). Most of the seeds of Oryza sativa had tiny holes or cracks in them ( Figure 6b ). According to the observations made, certain varieties contained some abnormal seedlings. The seedlings of Arachis hypogea were normal whereas Vigna radiata and Vigna sinensis had 30% and 10% of the abnormal seedlings with a distinctly short shoot, root and cut-off hypocotyl restricting further growth ( Figure 7 .).

The germination percentage of Arachis hypogea was 20%. No germination was recorded from the seeds of Oryza sativa . Hence, the germination percentage and vigor index could not be calculated. The germination percentage of both Vigna radiata and Vigna sinensis was 100. The seedlings of Arachis hypogea , Vigna radiata and Vigna sinensis showed a vigor index of 585, 2155.5, and 2909, respectively. Seed germination percentages and the vigor indices are summarized in Table 2 .

Figures

FIGURE 1. Colony morphology (upper surface and lower surface) and microscopic features (conidia, conidiophore, and spores) respectively of fungal pure cultures from Arachis hypogea kernel on PDA after 10 days at 28–30 0C; a–c Rhizopus oryzae, d–f Aspergillus oryzae, g–i Aspergillus niger, j–l Macrophomina phaseolina, m–o Talaromyces oumae-annae and p–r Aspergillus niger.

FIGURE 6. Cereal crop seeds a Arachis hypogea (Tissa) b Oryza sativa (Bg251) c Vigna radiata (MI6) and d Vigna sinensis (Dhawala).

FIGURE 7. Uprooted seedlings of a Arachis hypogea b Vigna radiata and c Vigna sinensis.