Hyphessobrycon bifasciatus, Ellis, 1911

Mirande, Juan Marcos, 2010, Phylogeny of the family Characidae (Teleostei: Characiformes): from characters to taxonomy, Neotropical Ichthyology 8 (3), pp. 385-568 : 514

Autapomorphies of Hyphessobrycon bifasciatus :

1. Number of maxillary teeth (135): (1> 0) only one, or absent. Paralleled in the Astyanax clade, in nodes 284 and 290, and in Aulixidens eugeniae , Cheirodon interruptus , Coptobrycon bilineatus , and Iguanodectes geisleri . Some trees: Paralleled in Hasemania nana , Paracheirodon axelrodi , and Parecbasis cyclolepis .

2. Cartilages anterior to basihyal (188): (0> 1) two well developed blocks of cartilage. Paralleled in nodes 244 and 299 and in Hasemania nana , Metynnis maculatus , Odontostilbe microcephala , and Roeboides descalvadensis . Some trees: Paralleled in node 265.

3. Number of supraneurals (280): (1> 0) four or fewer. Paralleled in nodes 211, 223, and 262, and in Bramocharax bransfordii , Bryconaethiops macrops , and Nematocharax venustus . Some trees: Paralleled in the Aphyoditeinae .

4. Insertion of pterotic aponeurosis (340): (0> 1) on a lobe situated dorsal to horizontal semicircular canal. Some trees: Paralleled in node 291.

5. Second humeral spot (342): (0> 1) present as a conspicuous vertical bar. Paralleled in Gymnocorymbus ternetzi and Tetragonopterus argenteus