Femorbiona phami Yu & Li, 2021

Zhang, Jianshuang, Yu, Hao & Li, Shuqiang, 2021, Femorbiona gen. nov., a new genus of sac spiders (Araneae, Clubionidae) from Southeast Asia, ZooKeys 1052, pp. 25-41 : 25

Femorbiona phami Yu & Li sp. nov.

Figs 3 , 4 , 7B

Type material.

Holotype ♂ (IZCAS Ar 34724), VIETNAM: Hai Phong: Cat Ba National Park: disturbed forest, 20°48.258'N, 107°00.581'E, ca. 80 m, 15.VII.2008, D.S. Pham leg. Paratypes: 1♀ (IZCAS Ar 34725), same locality and collector as holotype, 20°48.249'N, 107°00.016'E, ca. 80 m, 16.VII.2008.

Diagnosis.

The males of F. phami sp. nov. are most similar to those of F. brachyptera ( Zhu et al. 2012: 53, figs 2-4, 8-10; Figs 1A-E , 7A ) by the general shape of the palpal femoral apophysis, which is shaped like a short bird wing in retrolateral view (cf. Fig. 1B and Fig. 3B ), but can be distinguished from F. brachyptera by having: (1) the distal tip of the femoral apophysis slightly curved (vs. not curved) (cf. Fig. 7B and Fig. 7A ); (2) in ventral view, the embolar apex relatively long, over 1/3 the length of the embolic base and pointed prolatero-distally (Figs 3D , 7B ) (vs. relatively short tip, <1/6 the length of the embolic base, pointed ventro-distally, as in Figs 1D , 7A ); (3) conductor absent (vs. present) (cf. Figs 3C-E , 7B and Figs 1C-E , 7A ). The female of F. phami sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from all other congeners by the slightly sclerotised and pocket-like copulatory openings and by the absence of an epigynal hood (Fig. 4A, B ) (vs. 2 circular copulatory openings located at the lateral border of hood, as in Figs 2A, B , 6A, B ).

Description.

Male. Holotype (Fig. 4E, F ): Total length 3.51; carapace 1.66 long, 1.28 wide; opisthosoma 1.85 long, 1.01 wide. Carapace orange, pars cephalica darker in ocular area, without distinct pattern. Eyes: both AER and PER slightly recurved in dorsal view. AME dark, other eyes light; with black rings. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.07, ALE 0.13, PME 0.10, PLE 0.12, AME-AME 0.08, AME-ALE 0.06, PME-PME 0.20, PME-PLE 0.12, MOQL 0.22, MOQA 0.21, MOQP 0.38. Chelicerae slightly darker than ocular area, with 6 promarginal and 5 retromarginal teeth. Labium and endites coloured as chelicerae, longer than wide. Sternum yellowish white. Legs coloured as sternum, without distinct markings. Leg measurements: I 3.56 (0.99, 1.48, 0.70, 0.39), II 4.11 (1.18, 1.69, 0.80, 0.44), III 3.27 (0.95, 1.17, 0.82, 0.33), IV 4.74 (1.32, 1.62, 1.36, 0.44). Abdomen elongate-oval, dorsally yellowish white, dorsum with 2 pairs of inconspicuous muscle depressions; venter white with no distinct pattern.

Palp (Figs 3A-E , 7B ): Femur with short retrolateral apophysis originating proximally; FA ca. 1/3-1/4 length of femur, thin distally, wide basally. Patella 2 × longer and 1.3-1.5 × wider than tibia, with round, short prolateral apophysis. Tibia cup shaped, relatively short, <1/3 of cymbium length, with papilliform, partly membranous, ventro-retrolateral apophysis. Tegulum elongate, oval, and inflated, ca. 1.6 × longer than wide; sperm duct indistinct in ventral view. Embolus somewhat helical, more or less Ƨ-shaped in ventral view, base an enlarged tubercle, inserted at approximately the 10-11 o’clock position on tegulum, gradually tapered toward tip; embolar apex needle-like, prolaterally pointed, over 1/3 of base length.

Female. Paratype (Fig. 4G, H ): total length 3.99; carapace 1.84 long, 1.43 wide; opisthosoma 2.15 long, 1.07 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.09, ALE 0.13, PME 0.12, PLE 0.10, AME-AME 0.06, AME-ALE 0.06, PME-PME 0.12, PME-PLE 0.15, MOQL 0.27, MOQA 0.27, MOQP 0.48. Legs yellowish white, without distinct markings. Leg measurements: I 4.10 (1.18, 1.70, 0.80, 0.42), II 4.60 (1.33, 1.92, 0.93, 0.42), III 3.72 (1.11, 1.28, 0.93, 0.40), IV 5.31 (1.52, 1.86, 1.47, 0.46). Similar to males but slightly smaller and lighter.

Epigyne (Fig. 4A-D ). Epigynal plate wider than long, anterior and lateral margins not rebordered; spermathecae and bursae indistinct, copulatory ducts easily visible through integument in ventral view. Copulatory openings large, pocket-like, located on chitinous structures at the postero-lateral portion of epigynal plate, separated by ca. 1 diameter. Copulatory ducts thick, covered by large spermathecae in dorsal view, directed anteriorly, then connected to spermathecae. Spermathecae long, tubular, sinuous. Bursae oblong, translucent, surface smooth, close together, ca. 2 × longer than wide.

Distribution.

Known only from the type locality, Hai Phong, Vietnam.

Etymology.

The specific name is a patronym after Dinh Sac Pham (Hanoi, Vietnam), collector of the type series; noun (name) in apposition.

Figures

Figure 1. Femorbiona brachyptera, paratype male palp A prolateral view B retrolateral view C bulb, prolateral view D bulb, ventral view E bulb, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: C = conductor; E = embolus; EB = embolic base; FA = femoral apophysis; PPA = prolateral patellar apophysis; VTA = ventral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figure 2. Femorbiona brachyptera, female and male paratypes, epigyne (A-D), male habitus (E, F) and female habitus (G, H) A intact, ventral view B cleared, ventral view C cleared, dorsal view D cleared, dorsal view E dorsal view F lateral view G dorsal view H ventral view. Abbreviations: BS = bursa; CO = copulatory opening; H = hood; SP = spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 1 mm (E-H).

Figure 3. Femorbiona phami sp. nov., holotype male palp A prolateral view B retrolateral view C bulb, prolateral view D bulb, ventral view E bulb, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: E = embolus; EB = embolic base; FA = femoral apophysis; PPA = prolateral patellar apophysis; VTA = ventral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figure 4. Femorbiona phami sp. nov., female paratype and male holotype, epigyne (A-D), male habitus (E, F) and female habitus (G, H) A intact, ventral view B cleared, ventral view C cleared, dorsal view D cleared, dorsal view E dorsal view F lateral view G dorsal view H ventral view. Abbreviations: BS = bursa; CO = copulatory opening; SP = spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 1 mm (E-H).

Figure 6. Femorbiona shenzhen sp. nov., male holotype and female paratype, epigyne (A-D), male habitus (E, F) and female habitus (G, H) A intact, ventral view B cleared, ventral view C cleared, dorsal view D cleared, dorsal view E dorsal view F lateral view G dorsal view H ventral view. Abbreviations: BS = bursa; CO = copulatory opening; H = hood; SP = spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 1 mm (E-H).

Figure 7. Femorbiona spp., left male palp, ventral view A F. brachyptera, paratype B F. phami sp. nov., holotype C F. shenzhen sp. nov., holotype. Abbreviations: C = conductor; E = embolus; FA = femoral apophysis; EB = embolic base; PPA = prolateral patellar apophysis. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.