Geonoma pohliana subsp. pohliana

Henderson, Andrew, 2011, A revision of Geonoma (Arecaceae), Phytotaxa 17, pp. 1-271 : 127-128

51a. Geonoma pohliana subsp. pohliana

Geonoma macroclona Drude (1882: 486) . Type: BRAZIL. Bahia: near Ilhéus, no date, M. Lhotzky s.n. (holotype BR n.v., isotype G, image!).

Geonoma blanchetiana Wendland ex Drude (1882: 494) . Type: BRAZIL. Bahia: no locality, no date, J. Blanchet s.n. (holotype BR!).

Geonoma luetzelburgii Burret (1930a: 235) . Type: BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: Serra da Estrella, 1400 m, August 1915, P. Luetzelburg 6073 (holotype M!).

Geonoma bondariana Lorenzi (2010: 221) . Type: BRAZIL. Bahia: Itacaré, Fazenda Petizeiro, estrada Ilhéus–Itacaré, 14˚23’S, 39˚02’W, 61 m, 9 February 2009, H. Lorenzi, J. Jardim, A. Guimarães 6619 (holotype HPL n.v., isotypes CEPEC n.v., ESA n.v., NY n.v., RB n.v., SP n.v.), sy non. nov.

Geonoma littoralis Noblick & Lorenzi in Lorenzi (2010: 226) . Type: BRAZIL. Bahia: Mun. Itacaré, Fazenda São Miguel, 7 July 2009, H. Lorenzi, R. Pimenta, T. Flores & A. Guimarães 6709 (holotype HPL n.v., isotypes CEPEC n.v., ESA n.v., NY n.v., SP n.v.), synon. nov.

Geonoma meridionalis Lorenzi (2010: 240) . Type: BRAZIL. Santa Catarina: Corupá, estrada para Itapocu-hansa, 26˚25’S, 49˚11’W, 24 February 2010, H. Lorenzi, K. Soares & T. Flores 6834 (holotype HPL n.v., isotypes ESA n.v., NY n.v., RB n.v., SP n.v.), s ynon. nov.

Leaves pinnae 6(3–42) per side of rachis. Inflorescences rachillae 11(3–32), 2.9(1.1–4.4) mm in diameter, not hairy, not filiform and not or scarcely narrowed between the flower pits; proximal and distal lips drying darker brown than the rachillae; triads mostly spirally arranged.

Distribution and habitat:— From 3°54’– 29°41’S and 35°52’– 51°28’W in the Atlantic Coastal Forest of Brazil from Ceará, Pernambuco, and Alagoas to Rio Grande do Sul at 450(7–1000) m elevation in brejo vegetation or lowland tropical rainforest ( Fig. 33 ).

An extremely variable subspecies consisting of several morphotypes. In the northern-most part of the range there are isolated populations in Ceará, and in Pernambuco and Alagoas, occurring in brejo vegetation (northern morphotype), but too few specimens to test for differences.

Specimens from central Bahia (bahia morphotype) in coastal forest at low elevations have large, pinnate leaves with 42 pinnae per side of the rachis (data from only one specimen). Inflorescences are large, with wide, long peduncles and long rachillae.

Specimens from scattered localities in Bahia in restinga vegetation near sea level ( littoralis morphotype) have pinnate leaves with distinctive narrow pinnae. The type of Geonoma littoralis is of this morphotype.

Some specimens from central Bahia (e.g., Noblick 4747, Thomas 14115) are sympatric with and similar to those of subsp. rubescens . Some specimens from southern Bahia (e.g., Noblick 4778, 4789, Harley 17853) are sympatric with and similar to those of subsp. linharensis . The differences between these subspecies in these areas are not clear.

A specimen (Amorim 4208) from central Bahia has unusual, elongate bracts, and is from a higher elevation (750 m). It may be a hybrid with G. pauciflora .

There is a gap in the distribution of subsp. pohliana in northern Espírito Santo, and this gap is occupied by subsp. linharensis . There are no differences between northern and southern populations of subsp. pohliana , although northern populations occur at lower mean elevations (287 versus 624 m).

Five specimens (dos Santos s. n., Fernandes 1135, 3107, Fraga 2117, Mello–Silva 1570) from the central part of Espírito Santo in the Serra da Mantequeira appear to be intermediate in morphology between subsp. pohliana and subsp. schottiana and may be hybrids between these subspecies.

Some specimens (e.g., Fiaschi 163, 552) from eastern São Paulo have more, narrower pinnae (mean of 8 versus 4) and appear larger than usual.

Two specimens (Lombardi 348, 1550), unplaced for morphotype, from the Rio Doce valley in Minas Gerais have three broad pinnae and narrow inflorescence bracts.

Figures

FIGURE 33. Distribution maps of Geonoma pinnatifrons subsp. vaga, G. poeppigiana, G. pohliana subsp. pohliana, and G. pohliana subsp. fiscellaria.