Coprophanaeus (Metallophanaeus) machadoi ( Pereira & d’Andretta, 1955 ), Pereira & d'Andretta, 1955

Cupello, Mario & Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z., 2014, Revalidation of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest dung beetle species Coprophanaeus (Metallophanaeus) machadoi (Pereira & d’Andretta, 1955) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini) based on morphological and distributional evidence, Zootaxa 3869 (4), pp. 435-451 : 437-438

Placement of Coprophanaeus (Metallophanaeus) machadoi ( Pereira & d’Andretta, 1955) in Edmonds & Zidek’s (2010) key to species of the saphirinus group:

1. Posteromedian angle of pronotum not produced, basal fossae small, incorporated into mesial ends of basal groove. Pronotum distinctly punctured posteromedially. Paraocular areas (genae) of both sexes completely punctate, usually densely and coarsely so. Male pronotum lacking round concavities. Elytral striae carinulate, distinctly punctured (x5)....................................................................... Coprophanaeus (Metallophanaeus) punctatus ( Olsoufieff, 1924) .

- Posteromedian angle of pronotum slightly produced posteriorly, very smooth, effacing basal fossae and mesial ends of basal

pronotal groove. Pronotum smooth posteromedially. Male paraocular areas (genae) almost completely smooth; female paraocular area broadly rugose. Male pronotum with round concavities beneath posteromedian projections. Elytral striae simple (very rarely carinulate), very fine............................................................................. 2 2. Anterior margin of pronotum of large males with long midlongitudinal filiform prolongation, sometimes raised in sharp and acute ridge; prolongation followed by midlongitudinal well-marked carina ( Figs. 6–9 ) (in minor specimens, prolongation triangular, short or absent, carina sometimes absent). Parameres, in lateral view, weakly concave; posterior flap of apical process only slightly elevated ( Fig. 12 ). Dorsal coloration blue and green ( Figs. 1–5 ). Brazilian Atlantic Forest in eastern Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro (except Serra da Mantiqueira Mountains)............................................................................. Coprophanaeus (Metallophanaeus) machadoi ( Pereira & d’Andretta, 1955) .

- Anterior margin of pronotum of large males with short triangular prolongation or rounded; pronotum smooth, midlongitudinal carina absent ( Figs. 10–11 ). Parameres, in lateral view, strongly concave; posterior flap of apical process strongly elevated and curved ( Fig. 13 ). Dorsal coloration blue, green, and red ( Figs. 15–23 ). Brazilian Atlantic Forest in Serra da Mantiqueira Mountains, southern Brazil (including São Paulo), Paraguay, and Argentina.............................................................................................. Coprophanaeus (Metallophanaeus) saphirinus ( Sturm, 1826) .

Figures

FIGURE 15. Holotype of Coprophanaeus saphirinus (Sturm, 1826): 15 a) Dorsal view. 15 b) Ventral view. 15 c) Frontal view. 15 d) Lateral view. 15 e) Labels. 15 f) Sturm’s (1826) illustration of the holotype. 16: Holotype of Phanaeus chabrillaci Thomson, 1857: 16 a) Labels. 16 b) Dorsal view. 16 c) Ventral view. 16 d) Lateral view.

FIGURES 17 – 23. Color variation in Coprophanaeus saphirinus. 17 – 18) Dark blue female and male with purple reflections. 19) Blue male with greenish reflections. 20) Predominantly green female with bluish reflections. 21) Red male with greenish and yellowish reflections. 22) Predominantly red female. 23) Dark red male.

FIGURES 6 – 11. Male head and pronotum. 6 – 9) Coprophanaeus machadoi. 10 – 11) C. saphirinus. White arrow indicates the midlongitudinal prolongation of the anterior margin of pronotum, which is triangular and flat in C. saphirinus and long, filiform, and sometimes raised in a sharp ridge in C. machadoi.

FIGURE 12 – 13. Aedeagi. 12) Coprophanaeus machadoi: 12 a) Dorsal view. 12 b) Lateral view. 13) C. saphirinus: 13 a) Dorsal view. 13 b) Lateral view. Arrow indicates the posterior flap of the apical process, which is just slightly elevated in C. machadoi and is strongly elevated and curved in C. saphirinus.

FIGURES 1 – 4. Coprophanaeus (M.) machadoi (Pereira & d’Andretta, 1955). 1 – 2) Male habitus. 3 – 4) Female habitus.

FIGURE 5. Holotype of Coprophanaeus machadoi. 5 a) Dorsal view. 5 b) Ventral view. 5 c) Labels.