Blattophila peregrinata, Carreno, Ramon A., 2017

Carreno, Ramon A., 2017, New species of Hammerschmidtiella Chitwood, 1932, and Blattophila Cobb, 1920, and new geographical records for Severianoia annamensis Van Luc & Spiridonov, 1993 (Nematoda: Oxyurida: Thelastomatoidea) from Cockroaches (Insecta: Blattaria) in Ohio and Florida, U. S. A., Zootaxa 4226 (3), pp. 429-441 : 434-438

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4226.3.6

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:77877607-ECE7-455E-A76C-353B16F92296

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5631723

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F81587BE-FFC8-FF8D-16BA-CDA7228575CE

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Blattophila peregrinata
status

sp. nov.

Blattophila peregrinata n. sp.

( Figs. 2 View FIGURE 2 A–F; 3E–H; Table 2 View TABLE 2 )

Description (based on 16 males, 70 females). Male: Small worms. Narrow lateral alae present, extending from point of esophageal corpus to precloacal region ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 F). Head region slightly expanded. Esophagus with base of corpus slightly expanded, thin isthmus, and elongate bulb ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 E). Nerve ring posterior to base of corpus. Excretory pore posterior to esophagus. Four pairs of caudal papillae present, including one larger pair subventral precloacal, one smaller pair postcloacal papillae spaced closely together, one adanal pair, and one small pair at base of filiform tail appendage ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 F). Spicule present. Gubernaculum absent.

Female: Oral opening triangular, 8 weakly developed myolabia present, each with a rounded distal end and linear elevated cuticular division between the two borders of each myolabium ( Figs. 2 View FIGURE 2 C, 3E). Amphids circular. Second annule longer and markedly wider than oral annule, base delineated from rest of body ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 B). Lateral alae absent. Esophageal corpus with slightly rounded, expanded anterior portion surrounding the stoma. Posterior of corpus expanded, gradually narrowing toward anterior end ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 B). Nerve ring near posterior end of corpus, at point where corpus expands basally ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 B). Isthmus short, straight. Basal bulb spherical with valvular apparatus. Excretory pore posterior to esophageal bulb. Didelphic, opisthodelphic. Vulva opening in anterior third of body, vagina posteriorly directed ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 A). Vulva opening crescent-shaped, lacking prominent extension of cuticle. Common uterus branching posterior to mid body, ovaries reflexed anteriorly. Tail subulate, slightly filiform ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 D). Rectal glands present. Eggs oval, with operculum ( Figs. 3 View FIGURE 3 G, H).

Taxonomic Summary

Type host: Periplaneta australasiae (Fabricius, 1775) ( Blattaria : Blattidae )

Type locality: Moore Greenhouse , campus of Ohio Wesleyan University , Delaware , Ohio, USA. (40˚17’43.1”N 83˚03’55.3”W).

Prevalence = 79.5%; mean intensity = 6.43

Other localities (from P. surinamensis only): John Pennecamp Coral Reef State Park, Key Largo, Florida, USA (25 ̊7’38.3”N, 80 ̊24’31.2”W); Prevalence = 79%; mean intensity = 2.15 ; Galápagos Islands, Ecuador (locality information for specific islands in Sinnott et al., 2015). Prevalence (in Galápagos P. surinamensis ) = 16%; mean intensity = 1.5

Site of infection: hindgut

Specimens deposited: From P. australasiae : holotype female, HWML 99918; allotype male HWML 99919; paratypes, 20 females HWML 99921.

From P. surinamensis : vouchers, four females HWML 99920, 1 male HWML 99922 View Materials from John Pennecamp Coral Reef State Park, Key Largo, Florida, USA .

Voucher DNA sequences: 18S small subunit ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence GenBank accession number KX752427 View Materials . 28S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence GenBank accession number KX752428 View Materials .

Etymology. The name “ peregrinata ”, or “traveler”, refers to the widespread distribution of this species.

Remarks. Based on keys to the genus Blattophila by Farooqui (1967), Ali et al. (1970), and an updated key by Jex et al.,(2005), Blattophila peregrinata n. sp. differs from Blattophila suppelaima Basir, 1941 , Blattophila singhi Farooqui, 1967 , Blattophila indica Rao & Rao, 1965 , Blattophila farooquii ( Farooqui, 1967) Adamson & Van Waerebeke, 1992 , and Blattophila bryostriae Farooqui, 1967 in having a posteriorly directed vagina. In each of these species, as well as in Blattophila basiri ( Ahmed & Jabin, 1966) Adamson & Van Waerebeke, 1992 , a species not included in published keys, the vagina is anteriorly directed. Females of B. basiri , B. bryostriae , and B. farooquii have lateral alae and males of these species differ, being larger (970–1000 µm in B. bryostriae, 1030 – 1200 µm in B. farooquii and 1800–2100 µm in B. basiri vs. 275–510 µm in B. peregrinata n. sp.) and having only a single postcloacal papilla at the base of the tail ( Ahmed & Jabin, 1966; Farooqui, 1967). The male tail appendage is shorter in these species (19–29 µm in B. basiri vs. 28–43 µm in B. peregrinata n. sp.). Females of B. singhi also have lateral alae and a laterally tilted cephalic region. Females of B. supellaima lack a well delineated second annule and do not have as broad a corpus base (17–40 µm vs. 38–58 µm) as in B. peregrinata n. sp. ( Basir, 1941). The eggs of B. supellaima lack an operculum. Females of B. indica also have a narrower corpus base (33 µm) and lack operculate eggs, and males are larger (1016 µm). The posterior tail shape of males differs from that of B. peregrinata n. sp. in being rounded rather than gradually tapering ( Rao & Rao, 1965).

Of the remaining species, Blattophila narayani Farooqui, 1967 , and Blattophila javanica Chitwood & Chitwood, 1934 have the vulva located near the midbody rather than at its anterior third. Blattophila narayani females have lateral alae, and the male tail appendage extends from an abruptly ending, rounded tail tip. Blattophila javanica has a longer esophagus (length 410–610 µm) and tail length (590–670 µm). Based on the illustrations of the female by Chitwood and Chitwood (1934), the base of the corpus is also wider (estimated as 70 µm from Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 in Chitwood & Chitwood, 1934) than in B. peregrinata n. sp.

Three additional species, Blattophila perisphoeriai Ali, Farooqui, & Shrisunder, 1970 , Blattophila aurangabadensis Ali & Shrisunder, 1971 , and the type species, Blattophila sphaerolaima Cobb, 1920 have the vulva located in the anterior third of the body, as in B. peregrinata n. sp. Blattophila perisphoeriai differs in lacking cephalic annules and B. aurangabadensis has eggs without an operculum. Blattophila peregrinata n. sp. has prominent cephalic annules and has operculate eggs. Measurements for many characters of B. perisphoeriai females (body length, width, esophagus, excretory pore, distance of vulva from anterior end, and egg length) are similar to those of B. peregrinata n. sp., and the base of the corpus is not prominently rounded ( Ali et al., 1970). However, the tail of B. peregrinata n. sp. is longer than that of B. perisphoeriai (200–240 µm in the latter) and tapers somewhat gradually rather than abruptly narrowing from the end of the body. There is not a prominent second cephalic annule in B. perisphoeriai . Blattophila sphaerolaima resembles B. peregrinata n. sp. in having an enlarged second annule, a slightly expanded distal portion of the corpus surrounding the buccal cavity, and operculate eggs ( Jex et al., 2005). However, the eggs are larger (84–100 µm) and there are two polar opercula in B. sphaerolaima , and the female has lateral alae. Tail length (800 – 1140 µm) is also considerably larger than in B. peregrinata n. sp.

The most recently described species, B. praelongicauda Jex, Schneider, Rose , & Cribb, 2006, another species with operculate eggs, has a much longer tail (seen by actual length 800–820 µm and De Man ratio c 2.3–2.4) and has a corpus whose base is more rounded than that of B. peregrinata n. sp.

TABLE 2. Morphometric measurements (in micrometers) for Blattophila peregrinata n. sp. The mean and standard deviation are followed by range for paratype measurements.

Character Body length Holotype female 3000 Paratype females (n=70) 2378 ± 348 (1725 – 3225) Allotype male 388 Paratype males (n= 16) 381 ± 72 (275 – 510)
Maximum width Buccal cavity (length) Oral annule length 270 10 3 220 ±38 (150 – 305) 11 ± 2 (8 – 15) 5 ± 1 (3 – 5) 46 3 4 35 ± 6 (26 – 46) 3 ± 1 (2 – 3) -
Oral annule width second annule length Second annule width 20 10 35 20 ± 2 (18 – 23) 12 ± 2 (8 – 15) 35 ± 3 (30 – 40) 8 - - - - -
Nerve ring Excretory pore Distance from base of esophagus to excretory pore Esophagus 143 - 102 343 127 ± 11 (108 – 150) 450 ± 33 (396 – 500) 148 ± 29 101 – 213 296 ± 18 (265 – 343) 64 130 38 89 68 ± 12 (55 – 79) 116 ± 12 (109 – 130) 27 ± 16 15 – 38 89 ± 8 (73 – 101)
Corpus length Corpus maximum width Width of anterior expansion of corpus 228 50 25 201 ± 14 (170 – 231) 46 ± 4 (38 – 58) 22 ± 2 (20 – 25) 43 8 - 41 ± 4 (35 – 46) 8 ± 1 (8 – 9) -
Isthmus length Bulb length Bulb width 25 88 95 23 ± 4 (18 – 30) 73 ± 6 (63 – 88) 83 ± 8 (70 – 101) 23 20 14 18 ± 4 (11 – 23) 24 ± 4 (20 – 30) 14 ± 2 (11 – 16)
Vulva from anterior end Vulva from posterior end Vagina length 860 2140 - 689 ± 83 (550 – 880) 1653 ± 256 (1163 – 2220) 132 ± 14 (105 – 145) - - - - - -
Tail length Egg length Egg width 440 73 – 79 (n=4) 25 – 28 (n=4) 365 ± 42 (290 – 440) 74 ± 4 (65 – 83) 29 ± 2 (25 – 35) 30 - - 34 ± 4 (28 – 43) - -
a b c 11 9 7 11 ± 2 (8 – 15) 8 ± 1 (6 – 10) 7 ± 1 (5 – 8) 8 4 13 11 ± 2 (8 – 14) 5 ± 1 (3 – 5) 12 ± 2 (10 – 16)
V Spicule length 29 - 30 ± 2 (28 – 35) - - 23 - 20 ± 3 (15 – 23)
HWML

Howard W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology

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