Parazoanthidae Delage & Herouard , 1901, 1903

Low, Martyn E. Y., Sinniger, Frederic & Reimer, James Davis, 2016, The order Zoantharia Rafinesque, 1815 (Cnidaria, Anthozoa: Hexacorallia): supraspecific classification and nomenclature, ZooKeys 641, pp. 1-80 : 12-13

Parazoanthidae Delage & Herouard, 1901

Savaliidae (as “Savalini”) Nardo, 1844: 433.

Bergiidae Verrill, 1865a: 147 [nomen oblitum].

Gerardiidae Verrill, 1865a: 148.

Savagliidae Brook, 1889: 51, 74, 79.

Parazoanthidae Delage & Hérouard, 1901: 665 [nomen protectum].

Savaliidae Poche, 1914: 104.

Heterozoanthidae Pax & Müller, 1956: 3.

Type genus.

Parazoanthus Haddon & Shackleton, 1891.

Diagnosis.

As discussed in Sinniger and Häussermann (2009: 28), this family “[…] traditionally groups macrocnemic zoanthids possessing an endodermal sphincter. Mem ber species are frequently associated with other organisms, which are used as substrata". Excludes species that form monophyly with Brachycnemina ( Sinniger et al. 2010a).

Remarks.

Precedence of Bergiidae Verrill, 1865, and Bergia Duchassaing de Fonbressin & Michelotti, 1860, and respectively Parazoanthidae Delage & Hérouard, 1901, and Parazoathus Haddon & Shackleton, 1891a, was reversed in Low and Reimer (2011a). In accordance with Article 23.9.2 ( ICZN 1999: 28, 29), an application is being prepared to request that the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature suppress the senior subjective synonyms Savaliidae Nardo, 1844, Gerardiidae Verrill, 1865, and Savagliidae Brook, 1889, in favour of Parazoanthidae Delage & Hérouard, 1901, to maintain current and widespread usage. See additional discussion in Appendix 3.

In addition to the type genus, Parazoanthus Haddon & Shackelton, 1891, twelve other valid genera are currently assigned to the family Parazoanthidae : Antipathozoanthus Sinniger, Reimer & Pawlowski, 2010, Bergia Duchassaing de Fonbressin & Michelotti, 1860, Bullagummizoanthus Sinniger, Ocaña & Baco, 2013, Corallizoanthus Reimer, in Reimer, Nonaka, Sinniger & Iwase, 2008, Hurlizoanthus Sinniger, Ocaña & Baco, 2013, Isozoanthus Carlgren, in Chun, 1903, Kauluzoanthus Sinniger, Ocaña & Baco, 2013, Kulamanamana Sinniger, Ocaña & Baco, 2013, Mesozoanthus Sinniger & Häussermann, 2009, Savalia Nardo, 1844, Umimayanthus Montenegro, Sinniger & Reimer, 2015, and Zibrowius Sinniger, Ocaña & Baco, 2013.