Calyptranthes anguerana Sobral & Ibrahim, 2015

Sobral, Marcos, Faria Jr, Jair E. Q., Ibrahim, Marla U., Lucas, Eve J., Rigueira, Dary, Stadnik, Aline & Dcnat-Ufsj, Daniel Villaroel, 2015, Thirteen new Myrtaceae from Bahia, Brazil, Phytotaxa 224 (3), pp. 201-231 : 202-204

1. Calyptranthes anguerana Sobral & Ibrahim , sp. nov. Type:— BRAZIL, Bahia: mun. Anguera, Morro da Fazenda Retiro, 12º09’59” S, 39º11’03” W, 28 November 2006, D. Cardoso, F. França & J.S. de Novais 1470 (HUEFS!, holotype). Figure 1 .

This species is related to Calyptranthes concinna , from which it is distinguished by its monopodial and glabrous inflorescences (versus sympodial and pilose in C. concinna ).

Tree to 18 m. Twigs slightly applanate, the younger ones with simple brown trichomes to 0.1 mm, the older ones glabrescent, the internodes 5–20 × 2–3 mm. Leaves with petioles 3,5–4 × 1–1.2 mm, pilose as the twigs, adaxially sulcate; blades elliptic, narrowly elliptic or oblong, 58–86 × 26–36 mm, 2.2–2.5 times longer than wide, discolorous, dull green adaxially and lighter abaxially, glabrous adaxially or with scattered brown trichomes along the midvein, abaxially pilose along all the surface, more densely so in younger blades, the trichomes dibrachiate, of two types, one smaller than 0.1 mm and other 0.1–0.2 mm, strongly asymmetrical and simulating a simple trichome; glandular dots 5 to 20 /mm², of irregular sizes, the larger ones about 0.1 mm in diameter, visible on both surfaces; apex widely acute to obtuse; base widely acute; midvein adaxially sulcate and abaxially raised and darker than the surface; lateral veins 12 to 21 at each side, leaving the midvein at angles 70–80º, moderately raised on both sides, in young blades somewhat lighter than the surface adaxially; secondary lateral veins equally numerous, about the same gauge; marginal veins two, 1–1.5 and 0.2 mm from the margin, the margin itself slightly revolute. Inflorescences paniculiform, monopodial (i.e., only one axis arising from each axile), axillary or terminal, branched two to four times, with about 50 flowers, 80–95 mm, the peduncle 22–45 × 1.5 mm below the first branching, secondary branches two to four along the main axis, the longer ones to 40 mm, the higher branching order (that should also be interpreted as pedicels) to 4 × 0.5 mm, all axes with scattered light strongly asymmetrical trichomes to 0.1 mm; bracts and bracteoles not seen, possibly deciduous before anthesis; flower buds not seen; flowers glabrous except for scattered light dibrachiate trichomes smaller than 0.1 mm in the very base of the ovary and sparse trichomes about 0.1 mm in the staminal ring; flowers with calyx fused in a circular calyptra to 1 mm high and 2–3 mm in diameter, markedly glandular; petals one or two, glabrous and very irregular in shape, more or less ovate in profile, to 2.5 × 2 mm, attached to the inner side of the calyptra; stamens mostly already fallen and not counted, to 4 mm, the anthers subglobose, to 0.4 × 0.3 mm, some of them with one subapical gland; staminal ring about 2.5 mm in diameter; calyx tube glabrous on both faces, 1.5–2 mm deep; style to 7 mm, glabrous, the stigma slightly capitate and minutely papillose; ovary with two locules and two ovules per locule; ovary externally glabrous, although with a pruinose appearance. Fruits unknown.

Distribution, habitat and phenology:— Calyptranthes anguerana is presently known only from the type collection, from seasonal tropical forests in the municipality of Anguera, in the eastern portion of the state of Bahia, at altitudes about 600 elev.; flowers were collected in November.

Conservation:—The municipality of Anguera has an area of 177 km ² ( IBGE 2015), from which there are known 1213 gatherings ( CRIA 2015), with an average of nearly 7 collections/km², representing a good gathering effort. The fact that this species is presently known from only one collection may be an indicative of its rareness; additionally, the area of the municipality, if considered as the extent of occurrence of the species, would also be suggestive of an endangered conservation status. Nevertheless, we do not have additional information regarding the environmental conditions of the habitat of the species. Considering this, we suggest scoring this species as DD (Data Deficient) according to IUCN conservation criteria ( IUCN 2001).

Affinities:—This species is vegetatively alike to Calyptranthes concinna De Candolle (1828: 258 ; type image: M, barcode 0171088), from which it is distinguished by the characters cited in the diagnosis .

Etymology:—The epithet is allusive to the type locality.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Calyptranthes anguerana. Holotype.