Dacne Latreille, 1797

Skelley, Paul E., 2023, Subgenera of Dacne Latreille, 1797 (Erotylidae: Erotylinae: Dacnini) given full generic rank, Insecta Mundi 2023 (971), pp. 1-9 : 2-4

Dacne Latreille, 1797

Figures 2, 4, 6–9, 12 , 19

Dacne Latreille 1797: 12 . Type: Dermestes bipustulatus Thunberg 1781: 6 , subsequent designation by Latreille 1810: 427.

Engis Paykull 1800: 349 . Type: Ips humeralis Fabricius 1787: 45 , subsequent designation by Chûjô and Chûjô 1988: 141. Synonym of Dacne Latreille 1797: 12 by Lacordaire 1842: 63.

Cnesophages Reitter 1875: 42. Type Cnesophages jekeli Reitter 1875: 43, by monotypy. Synonym of Dacne Latreille 1797: 12 by Ganglbauer 1899: 645.

Diagnosis. Some characters that help distinguish Dacne (sensu stricto) include: *Antennal club strongly capitate to subcircular, antennomeres asymmetrical in many ( Fig. 6–7 ). *Pronotal anterior margin convex and swollen, covering base of head (hood-like) ( Fig. 2 , 8–9 ). Pronotal punctures evenly distributed. Proventrite with lines generally short, central plate not prominent. Lateral pronotal marginal bead thin entire length ( Fig. 2, 4 , 8–9 ). Mesocoxae broadly separated, meso-metaventrite juncture straight ( Fig. 19 ). Female genitalia with gonostyli absent, gonocoxite sclerotized and chisel-like. Female genitalia with segment 9 bearing rows of teeth-like lamellae ( Fig. 12 ).

Included species. Seventeen species ( Boyle 1956; Węgrzynowicz 2007):

Dacne akitai Narukawa, 1992

Dacne bipustulata ( Thunberg, 1781)

Dacne californica ( Horn, 1870)

Dacne fungorum fungorum Lewis, 1887

Dacne fungorum nigrocephala Chûjô, Chûjô and Lee, 1993

Dacne indica Crotch, 1876

Dacne japonica Crotch, 1873

Dacne kidoi Nakane, 1981

Dacne minima Nikitsky and Kompantzev, 1995

Dacne notata ( Gmelin, 1790)

Dacne optabilis Gorham, 1896

Dacne osawai Ashida and Kim, 1999

Dacne picta Crotch, 1873

Dacne pontica ( Bedel, 1868)

Dacne pulchella Arrow, 1925

Dacne quadrimaculata ( Say, 1835)

Dacne rufifrons ( Fabricius, 1775)

Dacne semirufula ( Reitter, 1897)

Distribution. Naturally, Dacne generally occur in more temperate areas throughout the Holarctic. One species, Dacne picta , native to eastern Asia, has been intercepted as a stored product pest in dried mushrooms in various countries worldwide (pers. comm. with museum curators and agricultural officials). However, it is established in Hawaii ( Boyle 1963), Australia ( Lawrence 1988), eastern Europe ( Schmidl 1995; Jelínek and Štourač 1997; Lundberg 2006; Ruta et al. 2017), and the eastern United States ( Skelley 2018).

Remarks. The diagnostic characters above are provided simply to show differences between former subgenera and more narrowly define the included members of this genus. With the other former subgenera removed, Dacne is a more homogeneous group. A new description should be written when the world genera of Dacnini are revised.

Figures

Figures 1–7. Pronota and antennae of Afrodacne, Dacne and Xenodacne. 1) Pronotum of Afrodacne aequinoctialis, dorsal view, basal width = 1.75 mm. 2) Pronotum of Dacne quadrimaculata, dorsal view, basal width = 1.42 mm. 3) Pronotum of Xenodacne pubescens, dorsal view, basal width = 1.06 mm. 4) Pronotum of Dacne quadrimaculata, left lateral view, margin length = 0.70 mm. 5) Pronotum of Xenodacne pubescens, left lateral view, margin length = 0.51 mm. 6) Antenna of Dacne quadrimaculata, antennomere X width = 0.24 mm. 7) Antenna of Dacne picta, antennomere X width = 0.30 mm. (Reproduced from Skelley 1997).

Figures 8–12. Dacne and Xenodacne spp. 8–11) Dorsal pronotum. 8) Dacne quadrimaculata. 9) Dacne californica. 10) Xenodacne picea. 11) Xenodacne pubescens. 12) Female genitalia Dacne quadrimaculata. (Reproduced from Boyle 1956).

Figures 17–19. Ventral sternites. 17) Ameridacne brodzinskyi, amber fossil. 18) Ameridacne ducke. 19) Dacne quadrimaculata. (Reproduced from Skelley 2009).