Dysmicoccus Ferris, 1950

Tanaka, Hirotaka, Sasaki, Daisuke, Choi, Jinyeong, Husnik, Filip & Kamitani, Satoshi, 2022, Two new species of mealybugs (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) from Japan, Zootaxa 5168 (3), pp. 306-318 : 307-309

Genus Dysmicoccus Ferris, 1950

Dysmicoccus Ferris 1950: 53 .

Type species: Dactylopius brevipes Cockerell 1893 .

Parkermicus Khalid & Shafee 1988: 31 . Type species: Parkermicus polyanosetosus Khalid and Shafee 1988 .

Diagnosis (adapted from Tanaka & Kamitani 2021). Body of adult female elongate to broadly oval. Anal lobes usually developed, either membranous or sclerotised, each lobe bearing a normal apical seta. Ventral margins of abdominal segments anterior to anal lobes always membranous. Antennae each with 6–8 segments. Legs well developed; translucent pores present or absent; tarsal digitules usually knobbed. Claw without a denticle. Cerarii numbering 6–17 pairs. Auxiliary setae present, at least in anal lobe cerarii. Anal lobe cerarii each bearing either 2 cerarian setae or as many as 8, the setae usually conical; sometimes conical setae replaced by flagellate setae but cerarii always recognisable by concentrations of trilocular pores. Anal ring normally situated at apex of abdomen, usually bearing 6 setae.Anterior and posterior ostioles present. Dorsal setae variously shaped. Ventral setae flagellate. Trilocular pores present on both dorsal and ventral surfaces. Multilocular pores usually present, at least on venter. Quinquelocular pores always absent. Oral collar tubular ducts usually present. Oral rim tubular ducts always absent. Discoidal pores present, sometimes large, occasionally present next to each eye.

Remarks. The molecular phylogenetic analysis on mealybugs conducted in this study showed that the genus Dysmicoccus is not a simple monophyletic group but forms a single large clade with several other genera, such as Pseudococcus Westwood 1840 , Trionymus Berg 1899 , Paraputo Laing 1929 , etc. ( Fig. 1 ), so the current definition of Dysmicoccus is probably arbitrary. Further molecular and morphological studies on this genus are greatly needed.

Key to adult females of Dysmicoccus species in Japan

1(0) Cerarii numbering fewer than 13 pairs.................................................................... 2

- Cerarii numbering more than 14 pairs (usually 17 pairs)....................................................... 3

2(1) Anal lobe cerarius containing more than 10 auxiliary setae. Dorsum with multilocular pores. Body narrow and parallel sided, with ratio of maximum body length: width 1: 2.8–3.5.......................... D. bunagaya Tanaka & Kamitani 2021

- Anal lobe cerarius containing fewer than 10 auxiliary setae. Dorsum without multilocular pores. Body relatively broad and not parallel-sided, with ratio of maximum body length: width 1: 1.7–2.0....................... D. boninsis ( Kuwana 1909)

3(1) Eyes not associated with discoidal pores................................................................... 4

- Eyes associated with discoidal pores...................................................................... 5

4(3) Dorsum with multilocular pores. Hind femora and tibiae without translucent pores. Venter of each anal lobe without narrow irregular sclerotised bar................................................................................ 6

- Dorsum without multilocular pores. Hind femora and tibiae with translucent pores. Venter of each anal lobe with narrow irregular sclerotised bar............................................................ D. wistariae ( Green 1923)

5(3) Abdominal segments VII and VIII with dorsal setae longer than those elsewhere, each almost as long as an anal ring seta................................................................................. D. brevipes (Cockerell 1893)

- Abdominal segments VII and VIII with dorsal setae short, each much shorter than an anal ring seta............................................................................................... D. neobrevipes ( Beardsley 1959)

6(4) Cerarian setae situated on penultimate cerarii and further forward cerarii stout, long and flagellate. D. kunaw Tanaka sp. nov.

- Cerarian setae situated on penultimate cerarii and further forward cerarii short and conical..... D. walkeri ( Newstead 1891)

Figures

FIGURE 1. Maximum likelihood (ML) tree of mealybugs (132 taxa) inferred in IQ-tree. COI, 18S and 28S D2 sequences of Dysmicoccus kunaw sp. nov. and Phenacoccus miruku sp. nov. were included in the molecular dataset of Choi & Lee (2022). 18S and 28S D2 sequences of P. peruvianus and P. manihoti from NCBI were also newly included in this analysis. ML ultrafast bootstrap values are shown at each node.