Apu, Grados, 2021

Grados, Juan, 2021, Apu, a new genus of Euchromiina (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Arctiini), and a new species from the montane forests of southeastern Peru, Revista Chilena de Entomología (Rev. Chil. Entomol.) 47 (3), pp. 639-648 : 640-641

Apu gen. nov.

( Figs. 1 -16)

Type species. Apu mooreorum sp. nov.

Diagnosis. Palpi thin and curved; head small; ocelli large and separated from the compound eyes; antennae long with rami 3-4 times the width of the flagellum axis; wings covered with scales, presenting diaphanous areas. Forewing, with R 5 arising from R 3 + R 4; hindwing, with pedunculated Cu 1 and Cu 2. Tegumen clearly divided in two halves; uncus unilobate and elongated, dilated at the central part; distal valva process laterally wide; aedeagus short; caecum penis undeveloped.

Description. Head. Small, with long and ruffled scales at the frontoclypeus. Ocelli large and distant from the compound eyes. Compound eyes small; postgena wide, wider than half the width of the compound eye. Palpi narrow. Antennae bipectinate to the last segments. Thorax. Covered with abundant long piliform scales. Tymbal organ in the pterothorax. Wings blackish, with translucent areas. Forewing, R 1 arising previous to the anterior angle of the discal cell; R 2 past the angle; R 5 originating from R 3 +R 4; M 1 from the anterior angle of the discal cell; M 2 and M 3 from the posterior angle of the discal cell; Cu 1 and Cu 2 separated; presence of 1A+2A. Posterior wing, Rs and M 1 arise from the anterior angle of the discal cell; M 3, Cu 1 and Cu 2, pedunculated from the posterior angle of the discal cell; Cu 1 and Cu 2 in turn pedunculated, separating near the edge of the wing. Abdomen. Male genital structure with tegumen divided; uncus unilobate and elongated; distal part of the valva laterally wide.

Etymology. Apu is a masculine noun in nominative singular. It is a Quechua word that means lord, sovereign. In Andean mythology, it is used by the Andean people in South America to refer to certain mountains that would possess certain powers.

Comparison of Apu gen. nov. with Cosmosoma auge (Linnaeus, 1767)

Apu gen. nov. has a small head, ocelli large and separated from the compound eyes, while Cosmosoma auge has a large head, ocelli small and close together to the compound eyes. Apu gen. nov. is diurnal with small compound eyes, width of the postgena is more than half the width of the compound eyes; Cosmosoma auge is nocturnal ( León-Finalé & Barro 2014), with large compound eyes and postgena narrow. The first three tergites of the abdomen are modified in Cosmosoma ( Travassos Filho 1938) forming an androconial organ known as valva ( Hampson 1898) or double pouch ( Weller et al. 2000), while in Apu gen. nov. the tergites are not modified. Cosmosoma has a wide tegumen; uncus trilobate, all the lobes short; the valvar distal process is narrow and elongated; caecum penis is concave and well developed ( Travassos Filho 1938). Apu gen. nov. has the tegumen longitudinally divided in two halves; uncus unilobate, wide and elongated in its middle part; valva distal process laterally wide and caecum penis undeveloped ( Figs. 5-8 , 13 -16).

Figures

Figures 1-4. Apu mooreorum sp. nov. 1-2. Holotype male. 1. Dorsal view. 2. Ventral view. 3-4. Female. 3. Dorsal view. 4. Ventral view. Scale: 5 mm. / Apu mooreorum sp. nov. 1-2. Holotipo macho. 1. Vista dorsal. 2. Vista ventral. 3-4. Hembra. 3. Vista dorsal. 4. Vista ventral. Escala: 5 mm.

Figures 5-8. Male genitalia of Apu mooreorum sp. nov. (Genitalia # JGA-411, MUSM). 5-7. 5. Vista dorsal. 6. Vista ventral. 7. Vista lateral. 8. Aedeagus. Scale:1 mm. / Genitalia macho de Apu mooreorum sp. nov. (Genitalia # JGA-411, MUSM). 5-7. 5. Vista dorsal. 6. Vista ventral. 7. Vista lateral. 8. Edeago. Escala: 1 mm.

Figures 13-14. Apu flavicornis (Druce, 1893) comb. nov. (Genitalia # JGA-710, MUSM). 13. Dorsal view. 14. Ventral view. 15. Lateral view. 16. Aedeagus. Scale: 1 mm. / Apu flavicornis (Druce, 1893) comb. nov. (Genitalia # JGA-710, MUSM). 13-15. 13. Vista dorsal. 14. Vista ventral. 15. Vista lateral. 16. Edeago. Escala: 1 mm.