GASTROPODA

Groves, Lindsey T. & Squires, Richard L., 2018, Annotated Catalog of the Fossil Invertebrates Described by, and Named for, William More Gabb (1839 - 1878), Zootaxa 4534 (1), pp. 1-150 : 59-63

GASTROPODA

SUBGENERA AND HIGHER TAXA

Actaeonidea Gabb, 1872c: 273 ; 1872d: 245. Type Species: Actaeonidea oryza Gabb, 1872c: 273 , pl. 11, figs. 8, 8a, by monotypy.

Agasoma Gabb, 1869 a: 46. Type Species: Clavella sinuata Gabb, 1866: 4 , pl. 1, fig. 7, by SD of Cossmann (1901: 198). See Stewart (1927: 399) for a discussion of the nomenclatural history of the type species selection of this genus.

Arrhoges Gabb, 1868: 145 . Type Species: Rostellaria occidentalis Beck 1836: 156 , by OD. Remarks: Described as a subgenus of Aporrhais da Costa, 1778 .

Ataphrus Gabb, 1869b: 171 . Type Species: Ataphrus crassus Gabb, 1869b: 171 , pl. 28, fig. 54, by monotypy. Remarks: Considered a nomen dubium by Kaim et al. (2014: 408).

Atresius Gabb, 1869b: 168–169 . Type Species: Atresius liratus Gabb, 1869b: 169 , pl. 28, fig. 50, by monotypy. Remarks: Kiel et al. (2008: 691) provided an emended diagnosis of Gabb’s genus. Kaim et al. (2014: 419) included Atresius in their new family Paskentanidae .

Brachysphingus Gabb, 1869b: 155–156 . Type Species: Brachysphingus sinuatus Gabb, 1869b: 156 , pl. 26, fig. 35, by SD of Cossmann (1901: 221).

Cyclomolops Gabb, 1868: 142 . Type Species: Rostellaria sublaevigata Deshayes, 1865: 460 , pl. 90, figs. 5, 6, by SD of Cossmann (1904: 30). Remarks: Gabb (1868) indicated, by monotypy, the type species of Cyclomolopos (a Paris Basin Eocene genus) to be Rostellaria laevigata Melleville, 1843 , but according to Cossmann (1904: 30–31), Melleville (1843: 71, pl. 10, figs. 10–11) based his species on fragments. Melleville’s figure 10 is an abapical view, and his figure 11 is a sketch of inferred features, thus R. laevigata is a nomen dubium. Apparently, Gabb did not know this when he saw Melleville's figures.

Cylichnella Gabb, 1872c: 273–274 ; 1872d: 245. Type species: Bulla bidentata d'Orbigny, 1841: 125 , by monotypy.

Dicroloma Gabb, 1868: 146 . Type species: Pterocera lorieri d'Orbigny, 1850: 270 , by SD, most probably by Cossmann (1904: 85). Remarks: Emended diagnosis provided by Kaim (2004: 71).

Dolophanes Gabb, 1872c: 273 ; 1872d: 234–235. Type Species: Dolophanes melanoides Gabb, 1872d : pl. 11, fig. 7, by monotypy. Remarks: Considered a junior synonym of Microstelma A. Adams, 1863 by Ponder (1985: 97).

Ectracheliza Gabb, 1872c: 271 [numbered 971]; 1872d: 213–214. Type Species: Ectrachelzia truncata Gabb, 1872c: 271 [numbered 971], pl. 9, fig. 2 , by monotypy.

Endoptygma Gabb, 1876b: 302 . Type Species: Phorus umbilicatus Tuomey, 1854: 169 , by monotypy. Remarks: Junior synonym of Xenophora Fischer von Waldheim, 1807 , according to Sohl (1960: 96).

Eripachya Gabb, 1869b: 148–149 . Type Species: Neptunea ponderosa Gabb, 1864b: 88 , pl. 18, fig. 38, by SD of Cossmann (1901: 147).

Eucheilodon Gabb, 1860 i: 379–380. Type Species: Eucheilodon reticulata Gabb, 1860 i: 380, pl. 67, fig. 18, by OD. Remarks: Aldrich (1895: 61) made Eucheilodon a subgenus of Borsonia Bellardi, 1839 , but numerous others (i.e., Gardner 1945: 249; Palmer & Brann 1966: 665; and Dockery 1977: 93) considered Eucheilodon a full genus.

Exilifusus Gabb, 1876b: 278–279. [Junior homonym of Exilifusus Conrad, 1865]. Type Species: Fusus (Exilifusus) kerri Gabb, 1876b: 279 , pl. 17, fig. 1 , by monotypy. Remarks: Described as a subgenus of Fusus Bruguière, 1789 .

Glyphostoma Gabb, 1872c: 270–271 [numbered 971]; 1872d: 209–210. Type Species: Glyphostoma dentifera Gabb, 1872d: 210 , by monotypy.

Goniocheila Gabb, 1868: 144 . Type species: Chenopus liratus Conrad, 1847: 287 , by SD of Cossmann (1904: 74). Remarks: Described as a subgenus of Aporrhais da Costa 1778 . Treated as a full genus by Saul & Petit (2001).

Gymnarus Gabb, 1868: 139 . Type species: Pugnellus manubriatus Gabb, 1864b: 125–126 , pl. 29, figs. 229–229a, by monotypy. Remarks: Described as a subgenus of Pugnellus Conrad, 1860 . Considered a full genus by Popenoe (1983: 75) and Dockery (1993: 66–67).

Gyrotropis Gabb, 1876b: 300 . Type species: Gyrotropis squamosus Gabb, 1876b: 300–301 , pl. 17, fig. 5, by monotypy.

Haydenia Gabb, 1864b: 98 . Type species: Haydenia impressa Gabb, 1864b: 98 , pl. 18, fig. 51, by monotypy.

Helicaulax Gabb, 1868: 145 . Type species: Rostellaria ornata d'Orbigny, 1843: 291–292 , pl. 209, fig. 2 , by SD of Cossmann (1904: 63).

Heteroterma Gabb, 1869b: 151–152 . Type species: Heteroterma trochoidea Gabb, 1869b: 152 , pl. 26, figs. 30– 30a, by monotypy.

Iopsis Gabb, 1872c: 272 ; 1872d: 227. Type Species: Iopsis fusiformis Gabb, 1872c: 272 , pl. 11, fig. 6; 1872d: 228; by monotypy. Remarks: See Iopsis fusiformis Gabb. Iopsis is a synonym of Zebina H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854, according to Ponder (1985: 85).

Laxispira Gabb, 1876b: 301 . Type Species: Laxispira lumbricalis Gabb, 1876b: 301–302 , by monotypy. Remarks: Designated by Bandel (2006: 101) as type genus for new subfamily Laxispirinae Bandel, 2006 .

Leiorhinus Gabb, 1860 i: 401–402. Type Species: Leiorhinus crassillabris Gabb, 1860 i: 402, pl. 67, fig. 60, by monotypy.

Liocium Gabb, 1869b: 174 . Type Species: Liocium punctatum Gabb, 1869b: 174 , pl. 28, fig. 59, by monotypy.

Loxotrema Gabb, 1868: 147 . Type Species: Loxotrema turrita Gabb, 1868: 147 , pl. 14, fig. 21 by OD.

Lysis Gabb, 1864b: 138 . Type Species: Lysis duplicosta Gabb, 1864: 138 , pl. 21, fig. 98, by monotypy.

Megistotoma Gabb, 1864b: 144. Type Species: Megistostoma striata Gabb, 1864b: 144 , pl. 21, figs. 108–108b, by monotypy. Remarks: Considered a subgenus of Philine Ascanius, 1772 by Allen (1970: 76) and Dockery (1977: 104).

Metulella Gabb, 1872c: 270 ; 1872d: 206. Type species: Metulella fusiformis Gabb, 1872c: 270 , pl. 11, fig. 3, by OD.

Molopophorus Gabb, 1869b: 156–157 . Type species: Bullia (Molopophorus) striata Gabb, 1869b: 157 , pl. 26, fig. 36, by monotypy. Remarks: Described as a subgenus but treated as a full genus by Dickerson (1915: 66–67) and Stewart (1927: 389).

Odontopolys Gabb, 1860 i: 377. Type species: Murex (Odontopolys) compsorhytis Gabb, 1860 i: 377, pl. 67, fig. 16, by monotypy. Remarks: Considered a full genus by Garvie (1991: 89–90; 1992: 187–190).

Orthaulax Gabb, 1872c: 272–273 ; 1872d: 234. Type species: Orthaulax inornatus Gabb, 1872c: 272–273 , pl. 9, figs. 3–4, by monotypy.

Palaeatractus Gabb, 1869b: 147 . Type Species: Palaeatractus crassus Gabb, 1869b: 148 , pl. 26, fig. 26, by monotypy.

Parkeria Gabb, 1881c: 368 . [Junior homonym of Parkeria W.B. Carpenter, 1870 ]. Type species: Umbonium vitreum Gabb, 1872d: 243 , unfigured, by monotypy. Remarks: Parkeria Carpenter, 1870 was initially considered to be a foraminiferan (Kingdom Protista) and Gabb’s Parkeria would therefore not be junior homonym. However, closer investigation demonstrated that it was actually a hydrozoan, according to Hill & Wells (1956: F88), thus Gabb’s name is, in fact, a junior homonym.

Perissolax Gabb, 1861e: 66–67 . Type Species: Fusus trivolvus Gabb, 1860 a: 94, pl. 2 fig. 5, by OD. Remarks: Gabb listed both Fusus longirostris and F. trivolvus as types of Perissolax and listed F. longirostris first. Although Stewart (1927: 427) reported that F. trivolvus Gabb (1860a: 94, pl. 2, fig. 5) “seems” to have been been chosen by Gabb as the type species, Gabb did not clearly designate a type species for his genus. In addition, both species are based on steinkerns. Squires (2015: 579) reported therefore, without equivocation, that Perissolax is a nomen dubium. For an overview of the complex nomenclatural relationship between Perissolax and Pseudoperissolax Clark, 1918 , see Squires (2015). Wenz (1943: 1304) regarded Perissolax as a junior synoynym of Pyropsis Conrad, 1860 , but Squires (2011b) reported that Perissolax cannot be put into synonymy with Pyropsis .

Petropoma Gabb, 1881 a: 281–282. Type species: Petropoma peruanus Gabb, 1881 a: 282, pl. 40, fig. 8, by monotypy. Remarks: See McLean & Kiel (2007: 257) for taxonomic comments on Petropoma .

Phyllocheilus Gabb, 1868: 140 . Type species: Pterocera ponti Brongniart, 1821: 570 , pl. 7, figs. 3A–3B, by SD of Cossmann (1904: 67). Remarks: Described as a subgenus of Pterocera Lamarck, 1799 .

Planorbella Gabb, 1872c: 270 ; 1872d: 201. [Junior homonym of Planorbella Haldeman, 1843 ]. Type species: Planorbella imitans Gabb, 1872c: 270 , pl. 11, fig. 2 , by OD; assigned to Limacina (Striolimacina) by Janssen (1999: 13) and reassigned to Striolimacina by Janssen (2003: 168).

Plochelaea Gabb, 1872c: 271 [numbered 971] –272; 1872d: 216. Type Species: Plochelaea crassilabra Gabb, 1872c: 271 [numbered 971] –272, p. 11, fig. 5, by OD.

Prisconatica Gabb, 1881 a: 277–278. Type species: Lunatia pedernalis Gabb, 1869d , not Natica pedernalis Roemer, 1849 ; by OD. Remarks: Type species figured by Gabb (1869d: 259, pl. 35, fig. 3) and identified erroneously as Lunatia pedernalis Roemer, 1849 . See Squires & Saul (2004a: 31) for a discussion of the type species.

Ptychosyca Gabb, 1876b: 294 . Type Species: Ptychosyca inornata Gabb, 1876b: 295 , pl. 17, figs. 2 –4, by monotypy.

Rostellariidae Gabb, 1868: 141 . Remarks: Recognized as a family by Kronenberg & Burger (2002: 43).

Rostellariinae Gabb, 1868: 141. Type Genus: Rostellaria Lamarck, 1799 [junior objective synonym of Tibia Röding, 1798 , according to Bouchet (2014) in MolluscaBase accessed through WoRMS (Marinespecies.org)]. Remarks: The family name Rostellariidae Gabb, 1868 is derived from Rostellarinae Gabb, 1868: 141, a misspelled name that should have been spelled as Rostellariinae, according to Kronenberg & Burger (2002: 43).

Spirocrypta Gabb, 1864b: 136–137 . Type species: Crypta (Spirocrypta) pileum Gabb, 1864b: 137 , pl. 29, figs. 233–233b, by OD. Remarks: Described as a subgenus of Crypta Humphrey, 1797 .

Struthiolariinae Gabb, 1868: 147. Remarks: Recognized at family level by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005: 253). Sycodes Gabb, 1869b: 160 . Type Species:? Ficus cypraeoides Gabb, 1864b: 105 , pl. 19, fig. 58, by monotypy. Remarks: See? Ficus cypraeoides , which was assigned by Gabb (1869b: 160) to Sycodes Gabb, 1869b . Whiteaves (1879: 125) synonymized Sycodes glabra (Shumard, 1858) [as Pyrula glabra ] with Sycodes cypraeoides (Gabb) . See Squires & Graham (2014: 778) for a complete synonymy.

Tessarolax Gabb, 1864b: 126 . Type species: Tessarolax distorta Gabb, 1864b: 126–127 , pl. 20, figs. 82–82b, by monotypy. Remarks: See Saul & Squires (2015) for a thorough overview of this genus.

Trochifusus Gabb, 1876b: 285 . Type species: Pyrula trochiformis Tuomey, 1854: 169 , by OD.

Urosyca Gabb, 1869b: 159 . Type species: Urosyca caudata Gabb, 1869b: 159 , pl. 27, fig. 38, by monotypy. Urosyca is a junior synonym of Priscoficus Conrad, 1866 , according to Stewart (1927: 379–380) but Squires (2014a: 5) reinstated Gabb’s genus. Gardner (1939: 30) noted that Cossmann (1904: 124) had stated “ Fulguroficus is synonymous with Urosyca Gabb 1869 .”

Volutoderma Gabb, 1876b: 289 . Type Species: Volutilithes navarroensis Shumard ? Gabb 1864b: 102–103, pl. 19, fig. 56, by OD, Gabb (1876b: 289), unfigured. Not Volutilithes navarroensis Shumard, 1861 (a Texas Cretaceous gastropod). Volutoderma navarroensis (Gabb, 1876b) = Fusus averillii Gabb, 1864b : pl. 18, fig. 34, a northeast Pacific slope Cretaceous gastropod. See Saul & Squires (2008a: 216, 218, 226) for additional details.

Volutomorpha Gabb, 1876b: 290 . Type Species: Volutolithes conradi Gabb, 1860 g: 300–301, pl. 48, fig. 10, by OD.

Whitneya Gabb, 1864b: 103–104 . Type Species: Whitneya ficus Gabb, 1864b: 104 , pl. 28, fig. 216, by monotypy.

Figures

FIGURE 1. William More Gabb in field gear (circa 1869). [Image courtesy of the University of California, Museum of Paleontology]

FIGURE 2. Members of the California Geological Survey in December 1863 (left to right): Chester Averill (Assistant); William M. Gabb (Paleontologist); William Ashburner (Field Assistant); Josiah D. Whitney (State Geologist); Charles F. Hoffman (Topographer); Clarence King (Geologist); and William Brewer (Botanist). [Image courtesy of the University of California, Berkeley, Bancroft Library]