Xyleborinus andrewesi (Blandford, 1896)

Smith, Sarah M., Beaver, Roger A. & Cognato, Anthony I., 2020, A monograph of the Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) of the Indochinese Peninsula (except Malaysia) and China, ZooKeys 983, pp. 1-442 : 1

Xyleborinus andrewesi (Blandford, 1896) Fig. 82A, B, I

Xyleborus andrewesi Blandford, 1896b: 227.

Xyleborinus andrewesi (Blandford): Wood 1989: 176.

Xyleborus persphenos Schedl, 1970a: 219. Synonymy: Schedl 1975e: 34.

Xyleborus insolitus Bright, 1972: 77. Synonymy: Bright 1985: 173.

Cryptoxyleborus gracilior Browne, 1984: 101. Synonymy: Beaver 1995a: 198.

Type material.

Holotype Xyleborus andrewesi (NHMUK). Holotype Cryptoxyleborus gracilior (NHMUK).

New records.

China: Fujian, Fuan, Shuyang, 29.ix.2018, A. Ernstsons, ex EtOH trap (MSUC, 3). Hong Kong, Tai Po Kau, vi.2017, J. Skelton (MSUC, 1). Vietnam: Dong Nai, Cat Tien N.P., 11.44221, 107.43114, 379 m, 20-22.ii.2017, VN78, A.I. Cognato, T.A. Hoang, ex FIT (MSUC, 26). Lao Cai, Hoang Lien N.P., 22.35, 103.77, 1500-2000 m, 19-20.v.2019, VN184, S.M. Smith, A.I. Cognato, ex FIT (MSUC, 3). Thua Thien-Hue, Bach Ma N.P., 16.25038, 107.87352, 29 m, 15.ii.2017, VN52, A.I. Cognato, T.A. Hoang, ex in flight (MSUC, 1).

Diagnosis.

1.9-2.0 mm long (mean = 1.92 mm; n = 5); 3.17-3.33 × as long as wide. This species is distinguished by the elytra strongly attenuate with apex acute.

Similar species.

Cryptoxyleborus spp., Xyleborinus cuneatus .

Distribution.

Recorded in the study region from Bangladesh, China (Fujian*, Hong Kong*, Yunnan), India (Andaman Is, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand, West Bengal), Nepal, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. It also occurs in Sri Lanka and through Malaysia and Indonesia, to the Philippines and New Guinea. Presumably imported to and established in East Africa (Tanzania, Zambia) and the Seychelles. Introduced and established in the USA ( Okins and Thomas 2010; Gomez et al. 2018a).

Host plants.

Polyphagous ( Browne 1961b; Schedl 1963a).

Remarks.

Kalshoven (1959b) gives some details of brood sizes at different stages of development of the brood chamber. The species attacks plantation trees, but the attacks are secondary on stressed or dying host trees, and not primary on healthy trees ( Maiti and Saha 2004).

Figures

Figure 82. Dorsal, lateral and declivital view of Xyleborinus andrewesi, 1.9 - 2.0 mm (A, B, I), X. artestriatus, 2.3 - 2.8 mm (C, D, J), X. attenuatus, 2.6 - 2.9 mm (E, F, K), and X. cuneatus holotype, 2.1 - 2.2 mm (G, H, L).