Ulomorpha amamiana Kato & Kolcsar, 2020

Kato, Daichi, Watanabe, Kozo & Kolcsar, Levente-Peter, 2020, Synopsis of the genus Ulomorpha Osten Sacken, 1869 (Diptera, Limoniidae) in Japan, ZooKeys 999, pp. 147-163 : 147

Ulomorpha amamiana Kato & Kolcsar sp. nov. Figs 1 , 5A

Material examined.

Holotype ♂, pinned. Original label: "JAPAN, Nansei Islands, Amami I., Yamato-son, Yuwangama; alt. 250 m; 28°21.07'N, 129°25.31'E; 31 Mar. 2019; D. Kato leg." "HOLOTYPE Ulomorpha amamiana Kato & Kolcsár, sp. nov. [red label]" (BLKU).

Paratypes. Japan: [Nansei Islands] Amami I.: • 2♂, 1♀; same data as holotype • 1♀; Setouchi-chô, Shinokawa, Yakugachi-gawa River; alt. 130 m; 28°13.25'N, 129°18.88'E; 3 Apr. 2019; D. Kato leg. (BLKU). Tokunoshima I.: • 2♂, 1♀; Amagi-chô, Tôbe, Mt Minada-yama; alt. 300 m; 27°47.72'N, 128°56.22'E; 2 Apr. 2019; D. Kato leg. (BLKU) • 2♂; Tokunoshima-chô, Mt Inokawa-dake to Mt Hage-dake; 27°45.89'N, 128°59.5'E; 30 Sep. 2013; D. Kato leg. (BLKU) • 2♂, 2♀; Tokunoshima-chȏ, Todoroki, near Mt Sasontsuji-dake; alt. 200 m; 27°50.36'N, 128°56.45'E; 2 Apr. 2019; D. Kato leg. (BLKU).

Diagnosis.

Body blackish. Vertex and scutum sparsely pruinose. Flagellomeres oval to bacilliform on basal 4 segments; ventral sides with pubescences on basal 6-7 segments. Wing brownish tinged, unpatterned; stigma sometimes indistinctly darker. Halter yellow. Interbase with outer lobe shorter than medial lobe in dorsal view; medial lobe medial to base of outer lobe about 1.5 times as long as wide. Aedeagus with rod-shaped distal part, twice as long as wide and almost straight.

Description.

Male. Body length 5.6-8.0 mm, wing length 5.8-7.9 mm.

Head: subnitidous black, sparsely dusted with gray pruinosity; vertex with brighter gray pruinosity at anterior end. Rostrum and mouthparts brown to dark brown. Antenna brown to dark brown; scape and pedicel sometimes slightly darker; basal 4 flagellomeres oval to bacilliform; basal 6-7 segments covered with pubescences ventrally (Fig. 1B ).

Thorax: subnitidous dark brown to black, sparsely dusted with brownish pruinosity; postpronotum yellowish or brownish. Wing (Fig. 1C ) tinged with brown; basal region yellowish; stigma absent or indistinctly darker; veins dark brown, yellowish on basal part of wing; barely dark seam sometimes present on fork of Rs to crossvein r-m. Halter yellow. Legs mainly yellow to dusky yellow; fore coxa sometimes weakly dark on basal part; femora narrowly dark at tips; dark area on fore femur sometimes weak and occupying distal half; tibiae narrowly dark at tips; tarsi weakly dark from tip of tarsomere 1 to apical segment.

Abdomen: subnitidous dark brown to black, sparsely covered with brownish pruinosity.

Male terminalia (Fig. 1D-H ): caudal margin of tergite 9 roundly produced at middle, with small U-shaped notch at center. Outer gonostylus in dorsal view (Fig. 1E ) with tip narrowed and curved anteriorly; concaved margin with indistinct teeth. Interbase with outer lobe shorter than medial lobe in dorsal view (Fig. 1F ); outer lobe wide at base, inner basal end situated near middle of medial lobe (Fig. 1H ); medial lobe strongly narrowed distally, distal part medial to base of outer lobe about 1.5 times as long as wide (Fig. 1H ); aedeagus with rod-shaped distal part, twice as long as wide andalmost straight (Fig. 1F, G ).

Female. Body length 7.0-9.2 mm, wing length 5.8-8.0 mm.

Generally resembling male. Antenna with flagellum oval only on segment 1, only basal 2 flagellomeres less distinctly covered with pubescences.

Ovipositor: dark brown; yellow on cercus hypogynial valve, and distal 1/3 of tergite 10; cercus 2.0-2.5 times as long as tergite 10.

Etymology.

The name of this species is derived from that of the type locality, Amami Island. The name is deemed to be a latinized adjective in nominative singular.

Distribution.

Japan (Nansei Islands: Amami Islands (Amami and Tokunoshima Island)) (Fig. 5A ).

Biogeographic notes.

The crane fly fauna of the Nansei Islands or Ryukyu Arc is poorly known, and the new species and new distribution records are recently reported ( Kato 2020; Kolcsár et al. 2020, in press). The Amami Islands are in the northeastern part of the Oriental faunal realm. The hypothetical boundary between the Palearctic and Oriental (Indomalaya) realms, the Watase line or Tokara gap, is delimited between Yakushima/Tanegashima and Amami islands ( Komaki and Igawa 2017). The Ryukyu Islands arc once formed a continental margin arc which connected to the eastern margin of the Asian continent and served as an important land bridge ( Osozawa et al. 2012). The presence of Ulomorpha in the Amami Islands is not surprising, as the group occurs in Yakushima Island. However, U. amamiana Kato & Kolcsár, sp. nov. is the first representative of the genus in the Oriental faunal realm. Future phylogenetic analyses may help understanding of the biogeography of the group in the area.

Remarks.

This species is similar to U. polytricha Alexander, 1930. See the key to the Japanese species above for differentiation and diagnostic characters.

Figures

Figure 1. Ulomorpha amamiana Kato & Kolcsar, sp. nov. A habitus, male B basal part of antenna, lateral view C wing D male terminalia, dorsal view E tip of outer gonostylus, dorsal view F aedeagal complex, dorsal view G aedeagal complex, lateral view H interbase, posterodorsal view. Abbreviations: ad - aedeagus; fl - flagellomere; ib - interbase; ig - inner gonostylus; gc - gonocoxite; mib - medial lobe of interbase; og - outer gonostylus; oib - outer lobe of interbase; pb - pubescence; pd - pedicel; t 9 - tergite 9; vt - verticil. Scale bars: 3 mm (A, C); 0.1 mm (B, D, E-H).

Figure 5. Distribution map of Japanese species of Ulomorpha. A U. amamiana Kato & Kolcsar, sp. nov. (orange), U. nigricolor Alexander, 1924 (blue), U. polytricha Alexander, 1930 (green) B U. longipenis Kato & Kolcsar, sp. nov. (red).