Sciopemyia apicalis Chaves Júnior, Shimabukuro & Andrade, 2022

Chaves Júnior, Salvador P., Shimabukuro, Paloma H. F. & Andrade, Andrey J., 2022, Description of the female and redescription of the male of Sciopemyia sordellii (Shannon & Del Ponte, 1927), including the description of four new species of the genus Sciopemyia Barretto, 1962 (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) from Brazil, Zootaxa 5195 (4), pp. 301-336 : 312-316

Sciopemyia apicalis Chaves Júnior, Shimabukuro & Andrade sp. n.

( Figs 5–6 )

Diagnosis. Male: preapical papilla on flagellomere III present; gonocoxite without basal tuft of setae; flagellomere I ≥ 405 µm; aedeagal ducts ≤ 440 µm; epandrial lobe ≤ 157 µm; presence of one apical spine and upper external spine at the apical level in the gonostyle.

Male holotype. Head ( Fig. 5A ) 330 (320–330, n = 6) in length, 264 (255–304, n = 6) in width. Arrangement of deciduous bristles in the occiput region forming an “X” shape; clypeus 119 (107–118, n = 7) in length; eyes 154 (133–159, n = 6) in length, 96 (70–93, n = 6) in width; interocular distance 122 (101–125, n = 5). Pharynx with streaks and no teeth ( Fig. 5B ). Cibarium without teeth ( Fig. 5B ). Labrum-epipharynx ( LE) 136 (142–148, n = 6) ( Fig. 5C ). Incomplete antenna on type specimen, description based on paratype (Nº 32847). Flagellomere XIII and FXIV absent in all specimens. Antenna ( Figs 5D–F , 6A–I ): flagellomere length (F): FI 442 (349–474, n = 6), FII 225 (172–228, n = 6), FIII 229 (172–228, n = 6), FXIII (lost), FXIV (lost). Ascoids: with short posterior spur and atrophied peduncle, anterior spur is long in FI and reaches the level of the preapical papilla ( Fig. 5D ) but does not reach FII; ascoids: implanted at the same level as the internal; flagellomere FX, FXI and FXII absent in type specimen, description based on paratype (Nº 32847). Presence of preapical papilla on FI– FIII ( Figs 5D–F ); papilla absent on FIV–FVI ( Figs 6A–C ); presence of one papilla on FVII, FVIII and FIX ( Figs 6D–F ), two papillae on FX ( Fig. 6G ), three papillae on FXI ( Fig. 6H ); presence of four papillae on FXII ( Fig. 6I ); spiniform preapical papilla on FIX ( Fig. 6F ) and FXI ( Figs 6H ). Presence of simple setae on FVII – FXII ( Figs 6A–I ). Palpi (P) ( Fig. 5G ), palpal segment length: PI 32 (29–35, n = 6), PII 58 (55–64, n = 6), PIII 101 (92–116, n = 6), PIV 61 (64–70, n = 6) and PV 128 (107–130, n = 5). Palpal formula: 1-2-4-3-5 (n = 5); PIII with Newstead’s sensilla scattered along the segment ( Fig. 5G ). Labial suture complete ( Fig. 5A ) .

Cervix. Ventro-cervical sensilla absent. Cervical sclerites bearing a pair of spiniform sensilla.

Thorax. Mesonotum 409 (372–457, n = 6) in length; pronotoum, anepisternum, metanotum and postnotum light brown, paratergite and pleura off–white. One proepimeral setae; 9–11 upper anepisternal setae. Setae present on the anterior margin of the katepisternum. Wing ( Fig. 6J ): 1,794 (1,461 –1,905, n = 5) in length, 445 (416–525, n = 5) in width; veins: R 5 1,091 (1,036 –1,128, n = 5); alfa 399 (320–404, n = 5); beta 246 (197–284, n = 5); gamma 197 (194–255, n = 5); delta 90 (41–113, n = 5); pi 95 (51–117, n = 5). Legs (anterior, median, posterior): Coxae: 279 (288–316, n = 6), 279 (288–302, n = 6), 279 (293–316, n = 6); Femur: 759 (642–774, n = 3), 715 (598–737, n = 5), 723 (657–795, n = 4); Tibia: 1,147 (943–1,221, n = 3), 1,258 (1,091 –1,406, n = 5), 1,276 (1,147 –1,480, n = 3); Tarsomere I: 672 (591–723, n = 3), 715 (650–803, n = 5), 752 (679–854, n = 3). Sum of tarsomeres II+IV+V (anterior, median, posterior): 644 (584–679, n = 3), 693 (605–715, n = 5), 715 (657–715, n = 3).

Abdomen: 1,720 (1,128 –1,720, n = 6) in length; tergal papillae absent. Terminalia ( Fig. 6K ): gonocoxite 154 (145–154, n = 6) in length, 58 (52–61, n = 6) in width, without basal tuft of setae. Gonostyle 136 (122–133, n = 7) in length, without preapical seta and with four spines: one apical, one upper external that migrates towards the apex, one lower external, and one internal spine. The four spines are well-developed. The lower external spine is located at a level closer to the apex spines than the internal. Internal spine located in the apical third of the gonostylus. Paramere ( Fig. 6K ): dorsal margin 110 (90–133, n = 6) and ventral 128 (124–159, n = 6) in length; the basal level of the bristles in the dorsal margin reaches the apical level of the implantation of the bristles in the ventral margin ( Fig. 6K ). Parameral sheath sclerotized and coniform. Epandrial lobe 154 (145–177, n = 6) in length, 29 (20–38, n = 6) in width and rounded at the apex. Sperm pump ( Fig. 6L ) 130 (101–130, n = 6); ejaculatory apodeme 96 (81–101, n = 6); aedeagal ducts with bevelled apex ( Fig. 6L ), 394 (375–414, n = 6) in length and 3 (3, n = 6) in width; 2,7 times the length of sperm pump. Cercus 96 (107–130, n = 6) in length and 43 (40–58, n = 6) in width.

Material examined: Holotype (Nº 32827) and two paratypes (Nº 32832, 32847). Capture location: Fazenda São Geraldo, house of Mr. José Marques dos Santos, municipality of Monsenhor Paulo (21°45′30.14″ S, 45°32′22.15″ W), state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Collection date: uninformed. Trap: uninformed, Collectors: Antônio Leôncio and Eduardo. Identified as Lu. nordestina . Paratypes from other locations: 1 male (Nº 49201). Capture location: Engenho de São Francisco da Várzea (8º03′27″ S, 34º57′52″ W), municipality of Recife, state of Pernambuco, Brazil . Collection date: 24/ix/1974, from 1:00 p.m. to 4:00 p.m. Trap: manual capture in wild animal burrows (termites) in closed florest. Collectors: João Evangelista da Silva. Determined by Amilcar Vianna Martins as L. nordestina in October 1974. 1 male (Nº 64671). Capture location: “Sítio do Sr. Alencar” municipality of Maranguapé (3º52′58.62″ S, 38º40′36.20″ W), state of Ceará, Brazil . Collection date: 17/x/1983, from 11:00 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. Trap: Manual capture in uninhabited shelters approximately 3 m away from the water collection, feeding on frogs. Collectors: Edelberto Santos Dias. Determined by Alda Lima Falcão and Armando Lemos Ribeiro as L. nordestina . 1 male (Nº 71674). Capture location: municipality of Monte do Carmo (Nº 10º47′12.71″ S, 48º00′03.70″ W), state of Tocantins, Brazil . Collection date: i/1998. Trap: uninformed. Collector: W. A. Andrade. 1 male (Nº 86806). Capture location: Caverna Hall two of Caverna do Arrebenta Bomba, localized in the municipality of Lassance (17º53′22.31″ S, 44º34′53.63″ W), state of Minas Gerais, Brazil . Collection date: 15/iv/2008, from 2:00 p.m. (16/iv/2008) to 2:00 p.m.(17/iv/2008). Trap: uninformed. Collector: uninformed. Determined by Gustavo Mayr de Lima Carvalho as Lu. sordellii in May 2008. Material deposited in the FIOCRUZ/COLFLEB.

Female: Unknown.

Etymology: the species name refers to the position of the upper external spine, which is located more at the apex of the gonostyle, different from the males of Sc. sordellii .

Distribution: BRAZIL. Ceará: Maranguapé; Minas Gerais: Lassance, Monsenhor Paulo, Nova Lima; Pernambuco: Recife; Tocantins: Monte do Carmo .

Medical importance: Studies have not yet been conducted on this species regarding vector competence or capacity, or natural infection by parasites.

Figures

FIGURE 5. Male holotype of Sciopemyia apicalis Chaves Júnior, Shimabukuro & Andrade sp. n. A. Head (Bar: 100 μm). B. Pharynx and Cibarium (Bar: 100 μm). C. Labrum-epipharynx (Bar: 100 μm). D. Flagellomere I. E. Flagellomere II. F. Flagellomere III. G. Palpus I–V (Bar: 100 μm).

FIGURE 6. Male holotype of Sciopemyia apicalis Chaves Júnior, Shimabukuro & Andrade sp. n. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII (Bar: 100 μm). J. Wing (Bar: 100 μm). K. Terminalia (Bar: 100 μm). L. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts (Bar: 100 μm).