Horniulus andrewesi Jedlicka

Hunting, Wesley & Yang, Man-Miao, 2019, A taxonomic review of the pericaline ground-beetles in Taiwan, with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini), ZooKeys 816, pp. 1-164 : 111-115

Horniulus andrewesi Jedlicka Figs 82A, B, 83, 84 A–D, 85, 94B

Horniulus andrewesi Jedlička, 1932: 86; Louwerens 1953: 93; Lorenz 2005: 463.

Types and other material examined.

Holotype (male) labeled "Banshoryo - Disfr./Sokutsu (Formosa)/H. Sauter VI.1912"; “7.VIII”; “TYPE” [rectangular, red paper, black border]; Horniulus n.g./Andrewesi mihi/DET.ING.JEDLICKA"; “Holotypus”; "DEI Coleoptera /# 200417". One cotype and 36 other specimens of H. andrewesi : 15 males and 21 females. For further details see EH Strickland Virtual Entomology Museum Database.

Type locality.

Taiwan. "Sokutsu, Banshoryo dist. = Chisan, Suisharyo.

Diagnosis.

Specimens of this species are easily distinguished from other Taiwanese pericalines by a combination of two pairs of supraorbital setae and three pairs of latero-marginal setae on the pronotum.

Redescription.

OBL 9.33 - 10.50 mm. Length (n = ten males, ten females): head 0.90 - 1.00, pronotum 1.60 - 1.76, elytra 5.33 - 6.17, metepisternum 1.36 - 1.64 mm; width: head 2.32 - 2.52, pronotum 2.68 - 2.94, elytra 4.00 - 4.75, metepisternum 0.70 - 0.84 mm.

Body proportions. HW/HL 2.44 - 2.74; PWM/PL 1.63 - 1.76; EL/EW 1.25 - 1.42; ML/MW 1.81 - 2.10.

Color. Fig. 82A. Dorsum of head, clypeus and labrum rufous to rufo-piceous, dark; antennae and palpi rufo-brunneous; disc of pronotum rufous to rufo-piceous; elytral disc piceous, some specimens with faint and rufous to testaceous macula in basal 1/3, diffuse, all specimens with testaceous macula in apical 1/3, from suture to stria 3 or 5; ventral surface brunneo-testaceous; legs brunneo-testaceous, tibia rufous, darker.

Microsculpture. Head and pronotum with microsculpture no visible at 50 ×; disc of elytra with shallow, transverse microsculpture; ventral surface with shallow transverse microsculpture.

Macrosculpture. Dorsum of head with center of disc smooth, laterally, somewhat rugulose, entire surface with scattered setigerous punctures, punctures easily visible but setae hardly so at 50 ×, punctures larger and more dense in rugulose area; pronotum with fine, scattered setigerous punctures, setae hardly visible at 50 ×; elytral intervals moderately flat, with some very fine, scattered punctures on disc, striae finely punctate, setae hardly visible at 50 ×; ventral surface with randomly scattered punctures.

Fixed setae. Two pairs of supraorbital setae; clypeus with two long, lateral setae; labrum with six setae along apical margin; one pair of suborbital setae; pronotum with three pairs of setae, one at base of lateral margin, one on lateral margin at pronotum max width and one half way between pronotum max width and apex of lateral margin; 15-16 lateral (umbilical) setae in interval 9; elytra with interval 3 with two setae, first on outside of interval at basal 1/3 elytra length, second on inside of interval in apical 1/6; ventral surface with two setae on each of abdominal sterna III to VI; four to six setae along apical margin of sternum VII.

Luster. Dorsal surface moderately glossy; ventral surface moderately glossy to glossy.

Head. Mandibles markedly curved in apical 1/3; labrum emarginate, apical setae punctures confluent with apical edge, making edge look bumpy; mentum with shallow tooth; eyes moderately convex; palpi cylindrical and elongate.

Pronotum. Fig. 83. Anterior transverse impression shallow; posterior transverse impression shallow, median longitudinal impression shallow; posterio-lateral margins slightly sinuate, obtuse.

Hind wings. Macropterous.

Legs. Tarsal claws smooth, males with adhesive vestiture ventrally, two rows squamo-setae on tarsomeres 1-3 of fore-leg; males with one notch apically on ventral side of mid-tibia.

Male genitalia. Fig. 84 A–D. Length 1.80 - 1.92 mm. Ostium markedly catopic, open laterally on both left and right side. Phallus cylindrical, distinctly curved at base, almost to right angle, apex expanded and rounded, spatulate in ventral view; endophallus with microtrichia somewhat sclerotized, relatively dark from mid-length to apex.

Female genitalia. Fig. 94B. Width 1.28 - 1.56 mm. Gonocoxite 2 (gc2) narrowing from base to apex; two lateral ensiform setae (les), one dorsal ensiform seta (des). Sensory furrow, furrow pegs and associated nematiform setae not observed. One spermatheca present (sp1), somewhat elongate and cylindrical, distinctive diverticulum (div) at spermatheca base; one spermathecal accessory gland (sg), associated spermathecal gland duct (sgd), long, with attachment site near apex of diverticulum; bursa copulatrix sclerite (bsc) (type 2) in basal portion of bursa, with distinctive taco-shaped structure internally, differing from those seen in some members of Catascopus (Fig. 33 A–C) in that it is open to the inside of the bursa, opening facing apically.

Habitat, habits, and seasonal occurrence.

The known elevational range of H. andrewesi is from 100 to 1000 meters. Adults are found in mixed primary and secondary forest of montane areas. Previous to this study, H. andrewesi was known from only six specimens and no collection data was available. An additional 28 specimens were collected, one from malaise trap and 27 from insecticidal fogging of one particular mass of dead leaves and brush (Fig. 82B) that was suspended in the forest canopy. The malaise trap specimen and all presumed hand collected specimens were collected from May to August. All material collected from fogging was in October and December. It is possible that the dead leaf mass provided a good estivation site for this species.

Geographical distribution.

Horniulus andrewesi is known only from Taiwan. See Figure 85.

Material examined.

36 specimens of H. andrewesi : 15 males and 21 females. For further details see EH Strickland Virtual Entomology Museum Database.