Xyleborus bidentatus (Motschulsky, 1863)

Smith, Sarah M., Beaver, Roger A. & Cognato, Anthony I., 2020, A monograph of the Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) of the Indochinese Peninsula (except Malaysia) and China, ZooKeys 983, pp. 1-442 : 1

Xyleborus bidentatus (Motschulsky, 1863) Fig. 88C, D, J

Phloeotrogus bidentatus Motschulsky, 1863: 514.

Xyleborus bidentatus (Motschulsky): Eichhoff 1878b: 505.

Xyleborus subcostatus Eichhoff, 1869a: 281. Synonymy: Hulcr and Cognato 2013: 150.

Xyleborus riehlii Eichhoff, 1878b: 346. Synonymy: Schedl 1963a: 282.

Progenius fleutiauxi Blandford, 1896a: 21. Synonymy: Hulcr and Cognato 2013: 150.

Xyleborus laeviusculus Blandford, 1896a: 21. Synonymy: Schedl 1960b: 108.

Boroxylon stephegynis Hopkins, 1915a: 58. Synonymy: Wood 1960: 54.

Boroxylon webbi Hopkins, 1915a: 59. Synonymy: Hulcr and Cognato 2013: 150.

Xyleborus subcostatus dearmatus Eggers, 1923: 205. Synonymy: Hulcr and Cognato 2013: 150.

Xyleborus brevidentatus Eggers, 1930: 190. Synonymy: Schedl 1960b: 107.

Xyleborus quadridens Eggers, 1930: 191. Synonymy: Wood 1989: 176.

Type material.

Holotype Boroxylon stephegynis (NMNH). Holotype Boroxylon webbi (NMNH). Holotype Xyleborus brevidentatus (FRI), paratype (NMNH). Holotype Xyleborus quadridens (FRI).

Diagnosis.

3.4-3.5 mm long (mean = 3.48 mm; n = 5); 2.5-2.69 × as long as wide. This species is distinguished by the acuminate elytral apex; elytra broadest at apical 1/3; declivity gently sloped, almost concave near apex; protibiae slender, abruptly broadened and triangular on distal 1/3, apical mucro very large, prominent; pronotum quadrate (type 4) when viewed dorsally, anterior margin conspicuously extended anteriad with prominent serrations; pronotum strongly asperate on apical 1/2, disc weakly serrate; declivital interstriae 2 with a large spine; and large size.

Similar species.

Ambrosiodmus spp.

Distribution.

Australia, ‘Borneo’, India (Andaman Is, Nicobar Is, West Bengal), Indonesia (Java, Sulawesi, Maluku, Sumatra, Sumbawa), East & West Malaysia, Myanmar, New Guinea, Palau, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. Also recorded from East Africa and Madagascar.

Host plants.

Polyphagous ( Schedl 1963a).

Remarks.

Murphy and Meepol (1990) suggest an association with mangroves in southern Thailand, as do Maiti and Saha (2004) in the Sundarbans and Andaman Islands, but in general the species is polyphagous.

Figures

Figure 88. Dorsal, lateral and declivital view of Xyleborus affinis, 2.2 - 2.5 mm (A, B, I), X. bidentatus, 3.4 - 3.5 mm (C, D, J), X. cognatus, 2.8 - 3.1 mm (E, F, K), and X. ferrugineus, 2.5 - 3.1 mm (G, H, L).