Zaphotias pedaliotus (Goode & Bean, 1896)

Villarins, Bárbara T., Dario, Fabio Di, Eduardo, Leandro N., Lucena-Frédou, Flávia, Bertrand, Arnaud, Prokofiev, Artem M. & Mincarone, Michael M., 2022, Deep-sea dragonfishes (Teleostei: Stomiiformes) collected from off northeastern Brazil, with a review of the species reported from the Brazilian Exclusive Economic Zone, Neotropical Ichthyology (e 220004) 20 (2), pp. 1-78 : 16

Zaphotias pedaliotus (Goode & Bean, 1896)

( Fig. 4F )

Diagnosis. As for the genus.

Geographical distribution. Atlantic and Indian oceans, from 43ºN to 40ºS (Grey, 1964; Mukhacheva, 1976; Schaefer et al., 1986a; Quéro et al., 1990a; Porteiro et al., 1999; Hutchins, 2001; Olivar et al., 2017; Judkins, Haedrich, 2018; Bernal et al., 2020; Sutton et al., 2020). In the western Atlantic, the species was recorded from off Canada to northeastern Brazil, including the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea (Grey, 1964; McAllister, 1990; McEachran, Fechhelm, 1998; Harold, 2003; Judkins, Haedrich, 2018). In Brazilian waters, the species was previously recorded off Maranhão State, the Rocas Atoll, and the Saint Peter and Saint Paul and Fernando de Noronha archipelagos (Mukhacheva, 1976; Eduardo et al., 2018a; Judkins, Haedrich, 2018). Zaphotias pedaliotus is herein recorded from off Rio Grande do Norte State (near the seamounts), Paraíba State, Rocas Atoll, and Fernando de Noronha Archipelago , based on specimens collected between depths of 130 and 984 m ( Fig. 3C ) .

Remarks. Until recently, this species was usually recognized as Bonapartia pedaliota Goode & Bean, 1896 , including in Brazilian waters (e.g., Eduardo et al., 2018a; Judkins, Haedrich, 2018; Melo et al., 2020). However, Bonapartia Goode & Bean, 1896 is a junior homonym of Bonapartia Büttikofer, 1896 ( Aves: Pycnonotidae ). The species should therefore be recognized in Zaphotias Goode & Bean, 1898 (Sangster, 2021).

Specimens examined. 141 (37–81 mm SL): NPM 4229, 47 (37–72 mm), AB2#52B; NPM 4392, 28 (42–71 mm), AB2#41A; NPM 4407, 3 (53–62 mm), AB2#56B; NPM 4408, 23 (40–81 mm), AB2#42A; NPM 4409, 6 (58–61 mm), AB2#52A; NPM 4423, 29 (49–71 mm), AB2#40A; NPM 4529, 1 (56 mm), AB2#21; NPM 4611, 1 (damaged), AB2#59A; NPM 5059, 2 (57–60 mm), AB2#44A; NPM 6106, 1 (damaged), AB2#44B.

Figures

FIGURE 3 | Records of species of Diplophidae (A), Gonostomatidae (B, C) and Sternoptychidae (D, E, F) collected during the ABRACOS expeditions off northeastern Brazil. Oceanic islands: RA, Rocas Atoll; FN, Fernando de Noronha Archipelago.

FIGURE 4 | A. Gonostoma atlanticum, NPM 4615, 61 mm SL; B. Gonostoma denudatum, NPM 6519, 122 mm SL; C. Margrethia obtusirostra, NPM 3384, 27 mm SL; D. Sigmops bathyphilus, NPM 4764, 155 mm SL; E. Sigmops elongatus, NPM 3182, 173 mm SL; F. Zaphotias pedaliotus, NPM 4407, 62 mm SL. Scale bars = 10 mm.