Impatiens gautieri Eb. Fisch. & Rahelivololona, 2002

Fischer, Eberhard & Rahelivololona, Marie Elisette, 2002, New taxa of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) from Madagascar. I, Adansonia (3) 24 (2), pp. 271-294 : 273-276

IMPATIENS subg. IMPATIENS

Impatiens gautieri Eb. Fisch. & Rahelivololona , sp. nov.

Impatienti masoalensi et I. geniorum affinis, sed foliis verticillatis, petalo laterale superiore breviore et calcari subcurvato differt.

TYPUS. — Gautier & Chatelain LG 2783, Madagascar, Réserve spéciale de Manongarivo, Ansatrotro, 14°05’S, 48°23’E, entre le campement “Chris” et le sommet, forêt sclérophylle de pente, 1530 m, 25 May 1995 (holo-, G) .

Erect herb. Stems 30-40 cm long. Leaves verticillate, each whorl with 3 leaves, dark green, lanceolate, acuminate, petiole 10-15 mm long, lamina 95-115 × 23-26 mm, margin crenate, with broad teeth and short filiform fimbriae. Flowers white, lateral petals with yellow marks, lower sepal and spur with red spots. Pedicels 55-57 mm long. Lateral sepals 2, 4 × 1-1.5 mm. Lower sepal 7-9 × 4 mm, with spur of 8 mm of length. Dorsal petal 7-8 × 4-5 mm. Lateral united petals 13 mm long, upper petal 5 × 3-4 mm, lower petal 7-8 × 5 mm. Anthers 3-4 mm long. Ovary 3-4 mm long. Fruits unknown.— Fig. 2.

H ABITAT.— Montane evergreen forest, 1530 m.

DISTRIBUTION.— Madagascar, only known from the type collection .

Impatiens gautieri is related to the Impatiens masoalensis -group with I. masoalensis H. Perrier and I. geniorum Humbert , but differs in the verticillate leaves, shorter upper lateral petal and the only slightly curved spur. Both species are only known from North-East Madagascar. Impatiens masoalensis is known from Masoala Peninsula and the Marojejy Massif while I. geniorum is restricted to the Massif de l’Anjanaharibe West of Andapa and the Lokoho valley.

Impatiens bemarahensis Eb. Fisch. & Rahelivololona , sp. nov.

Impatiens bemarahensis ab omnibus speciebus madagascariensibus calcari longe, forma cornu-copiae (Impatienti humblotianae similis) differt.

TYPUS. — Du Puy, Du Puy, Andrianatina & Carslon MB 766, Madagascar, Bemaraha massif, escarpment, c. 20 km W of Marerano on the Manambolo River , 19°06’S, 45°03’E, 20 Mar. 1990 (holo-, TAN; iso-, MO, P, not seen) .

Annual herb 10-35 cm tall, stems fleshy. Leaves ovate, deep bronze green, with silver veins above, purple beneath, petiole 10-25 mm long, lamina 27-40 × 13-20 mm, margin crenate with short filiform fimbriae. Flowers c. 16 mm tall, spured to 25 mm long, upper petal lilac pink, lateral united petals strong lilac pink, spur white. Pedicels 20-30 mm long. Lateral sepals 2, 1.8 × 1 mm. Lower sepal 5-6 × 3 mm, spur up to 13 mm long. Dorsal petal 6-7 × 2-2.5 mm.

Lateral united petals 10 mm long, upper petal DISTRIBUTION.— Madagascar, only known 3 × 2.5-3 mm, lower petal 6-7 × 5 mm. Anthers from the type collection .

3 mm long. Ovary up to 3 mm long. Fruit 11 × Impatiens emiliae is related to I. manongari- 4-5 mm, with minute white scales.— Fig. 3 . vensis H. Perrier and I. bathiei Eb. Fisch. & Rahelivololona (see below), but differs in the HABITAT.— Limestone karst, Tsingy, under shape of the lateral united petals and the extraflocanopy of Bussia, semi-deciduous forest, ral nectaries, which are lacking or only present in c. 560 m. one pair at base of lamina. While I. emiliae is DISTRIBUTION.— Madagascar, only known only known from the Tsaratanana-Massif, from multiple collections at type locality. I. manongarivensis is restricted to Manongarivo Impatiens bemarahensis differs from all and I. bathiei to the Sambirano area.

Madagascan species in the long, slightly tapering

spur which superficially ressembles that of the

Impatiens humblotiana -group ( I. humblotiana Impatiens mandrarensis Eb. Fisch. & Baill. , I. catati Drake , etc.). As an annual, Rahelivololona, nom. nov.

I. bemarahensis , is adopted to the dry season in

the Tsingy and is one of the few taxa outside the Impatiens acaulis Humbert, Notul. Syst. (Paris) 15: eastern rainforests or cloud forests. 114 (1956), non Impatiens acaulis Arn. , in Hook., Companion Bot. Mag. I: 325 (1835). — Type: Humbert 20534, Madagascar, vallée du Mandrare, affluent de la Manampanihy (Sud-Est), montagne Impatiens emiliae Eb. Fisch. & Rahelivololona , au sud de Tanandava, rochers en forêt ombrophile, sp. nov. 700-750 m, 11-16 Mar. 1947 (holo-, P).

Ab Impatiens manongarivensi et I. bathiei differt forma petalorum lateralium et numero nectariorum extrafloralium.

TYPUS. — Malcomber & Hemingway 2477, Madagascar, Antsiranana, E of Ambanja, Réserve Naturelle Intégrale 4 Tsaratanana, 14°02’03’’S, 48°45’46’’E, 1100-1600 m, 8-12 May 1993 (holo-, TAN; iso-, MO, P, not seen) .

Herb to 100 cm tall. Leaves verticillate, each whorl with 3 leaves, ovate-lanceolate, with distinct acuminate apex, dark green above, paler beneath, petiole 25-40 mm long, lamina 130-170 × 40-50 mm, margin dentate with short filiform fimbriae. Flowers orange. Pedicels 60-70 mm long. Lateral sepals 2, lanceolate, acuminate, 6 × 1.5 mm. Lower sepal navicular, 14 × 10 mm, with 23-25 mm long filiform and curved spur. Dorsal petal emarginate, dorsal crest with short apicule, 18 × 30 mm. Lateral united petals 35 mm long, upper petal 22 × 18 mm, lower petal 25 × 15-17 mm. Anthers 6-7 mm long. Ovary 5 mm long. Fruit unknown. — Fig. 4.

H ABITAT.— Montane rainforest, 1100-

1600 m, on streamsides.

DISTRIBUTION.— Madagascar, only known from the type collection.

As the epithet acaulis had been used yet for an Indian Impatiens species by ARNOTT, a new name had to be chosen for the Madagascan taxon. Impatiens mandrarensis is related to I. tuberifera Humbert , which also lives as a geophyte with subterranean tubers.

Impatiens bathiei Eb. Fisch. & Rahelivololona , nom. nov.

Impatiens manongarivensis H. Perrier var. miniata H. Perrier, Arch. Bot. Mém. 1: 48 (1934), non I. miniata Grey-Wilson, Kew Bull. 33: 645 (1979), type: A.S. Thomas 510, Uganda, Mt. Elgon , Bulambuli (holo-, K).— Type: Perrier de la Bâthie 15118, Madagascar, dans la haute vallée du Sambirano, rocailles humides, vers 200 m, Dec. 1921 (holo-, P).

The var. miniata of Impatiens manongarivensis H. Perrier differs in many respects from the typical species and is here considered to represent a species of its own. As the name I. miniata is no longer available on specific level, the nomen novum I. bathiei is proposed.

Figures

Fig. 2. — Impatiens gautieri Eb. Fisch. & Rahelivololona: A, habit; B, flower, anterior view; C, flower, lateral view; D, lateral united petals; E, lower sepal and spur; F, lateral sepal. (Gautier & Chatelain LG 2783, G).

Fig. 3. — Impatiens bemarahensis Eb. Fisch. & Rahelivololona: A, B, habit; C, leaf margin; D, flower, lateral view; E, flower, anterior view; F, lateral sepal; G, lateral united petals; H, lower sepal and spur. (Du Puy, Du Puy, Andrianatina & Carslon MB 766, P).

Fig. 4. — Impatiens emiliae Eb. Fisch. & Rahelivololona: A, habit; B, lateral sepal; C, lateral united petals; D, dorsal petal; E, lower sepal and spur. (Malcomber & Hemingway 2477, P).