Kryptochroma pentacantha ( Mello-Leitão, 1929 ) Machado & Viecelli & Guzati & Grismado & Teixeira, 2021

Machado, Miguel, Viecelli, Rafaela, Guzati, Catherine, Grismado, Cristian J. & Teixeira, Renato A., 2021, Kryptochroma: a new genus of bark-dwelling crab spiders (Araneae, Thomisidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 778, pp. 26-70 : 44-48

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2021.778.1565
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:4AFEC628-D555-44BD-8592-3A338694885F
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5686954
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EB2A87E5-FFC6-FFCE-1FE9-3BEAFAD4FBB2
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Kryptochroma pentacantha ( Mello-Leitão, 1929 )
status	gen. et comb. nov.

Treatment

Kryptochroma pentacantha ( Mello-Leitão, 1929) View in CoL gen. et comb. nov.

Figs 1 View Fig , 10–11 View Fig View Fig , 18, 19A, 22A View Fig

Stephanopis pentacantha Mello-Leitão, 1929: 59 View in CoL .

Stephanopis bellus Soares & Soares, 1946: 58 , fig. 7. syn. nov.

Stephanopis colatinae Soares & Soares, 1946: 60 , figs 8–9. syn. nov.

Stephanopis quinquetuberculata View in CoL (misidentification) – Machado et al. 2017: 454, figs s4d, s5b, s7e, s10c, s11d, s13e, s14d.

Diagnosis

The male of K. pentacantha resembles that of K. quadrata sp. nov. by the shape of the tegulum and embolus ( Fig. 11C, E View Fig ); however, it can be distinguished by its stout and conical RTA ( Figs 11D, F View Fig , 19A View Fig ) and larger body size, since they are the largest males of genus, being the sexual size dimorphism in this species less pronounced. Females can be recognized by the external genitalia bearing a noticeable median septum and a pair of long longitudinal depressions leading to the copulatory openings ( Figs 10C, E View Fig , 22A View Fig ). The most common body color pattern for both males and females usually present a diagnostic median white spot on the dorsum of the opisthosoma ( Figs 10A View Fig , 11A).

Material examined

Lectotype (designated here) BRAZIL • ♂; Minas Gerais, Caraça; C.F. Mello-Leitão leg.; MNHN 8227 View Materials .

Paralectotypes (designated here) BRAZIL • 2 ♀♀, 3 ♂♂; Rio de Janeiro; C.F. Mello-Leitão leg.; MNHN 8203 View Materials .

Holotype of S. bellus BRAZIL • ♀; Espírito Santo, Colatina, Rio São José ; 29 Sep. 1942; B.A.M Soares leg.; MZSP 661 View Materials .

Holotype of S. colatinae BRAZIL • ♂; Espírito Santo, Colatina, Rio São José ; 21 Sep. 1942; B.A.M Soares leg.; MZSP 566 View Materials .

Additional material

BRAZIL – Amazonas State • 1 ♂; Manaus, Fazenda Esteio ; 02°22′60″ S, 59°51′00″ W; 16 Dec. 1988; M.V.B. Garcia leg.; SMNK GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Morro dos Seis Lagos ; 0°16′57″ N, 66°40′44″ W; 1 Oct. 1990; A.A. Lise leg.; MCTP 1195 View Materials GoogleMaps . Espírito Santo State • 1 ♀; São Mateus ,

Reserva Florestal Vale do Rio Doce ; 19°09′05″ S, 40°04′15″ W; 19–25 Jul. 1997; A.D. Brescovit et al. leg.; IBSP 12719 View Materials GoogleMaps • 3 ♂♂; same locality as for preceding; IBSP 24354 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; Santa Tereza , Estação Biológica Santa Lucia; 19°57′54″ S, 40°32′25″ W; May 2007; T. Souza et al. leg.; IBSP 160118 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; IBSP 160128 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Linhares ; 19°23′27″ S, 40°04′19″ W; Aug. 1997; A. Santos leg.; MCTP 10366 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 19°57′43″ S, 40°31′56″ W; 7 Sep. 1999; R.L.C. Baptista leg.; MNRJ 13922 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 7 Jul. 2013; P.H. Martins and M.T.T. Santos leg.; UFMG 14048 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; Domingos Martins ; 20°25′57″ S, 41°01′12″ W; 12 Jul. 2013; P.H. Martins and M.T.T. Santos leg.; UFMG 16338 View Materials . – GoogleMaps São Paulo State • 2 ♂♂, 1 juv.; Itanhaém , Ilha da Queimada Grande; 24°29′16″ S, 46°40′27″ W; 4–5 Dec. 1995; A.D. Brescovit and R. Bertani leg.; IBSP 10097 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; Vale do Ribeira ; 24°32′15″ S, 48°41′52″ W; 26 Jun. 2005; D. Batesti leg.; IBSP 55502 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; Guarapiranga , Parque Ilha dos Eucaliptos ; 23°44′02″ S, 46°44′00″ W; 6–12 Nov. 1999; R.P. Indicatti leg.; IBSP 132306 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; Vale do Ribeira ; 24°39′42″ S, 47°30′16″ W; Jun. 2002; E.H. Wienkoski leg.; MNRJ 11511 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; Cananeia ; 25°00′53″ S, 47°55′36″ W; Oct. 2001; E.H. Wienkoski leg.; MNRJ 11515 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; Pariquera-Açu ; 24°42′54″ S, 47°52′33″ W; Dec. 2001; E.H. Wienkoski leg.; MNRJ 11534 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; Micaratu , Morro do Fau ; 24°16′51″ S, 47°27′36″ W; 19 Dec. 1998; R. Pinto-da-Rocha, R.S. Bérnils and E. Howaldt leg.; MZSP 16980 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; Peruíbe , Estação Ecológica de Juréia-Itatins ; 24°23′13″ S, 47°01′03″ W; 21–26 Apr. 2012; G.H.F. Azevedo and J.P.P. Pena-Barbosa leg.; UFMG 13029 View Materials . – Paraná State GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; Morretes , Serra da Graciosa; 25°22′31″ S, 48°52′09″ W; 9–20 Jan. 1995; A.A. Lise et al. leg.; MACN-Ar 39674 GoogleMaps • 1 ♂, 4 juvs; same collection data as for preceding; lab staff leg.; MCTP 7166 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂, 2 juvs; same locality as for preceding; A.A. Lise leg.; MCTP 7362 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; Antonina ; 25°25′44″ S, 48°42′43″ W; 1 Dec. 1986; Profaupar leg.; MCTP 19453 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; Jundiaí do Sul ; 23°26′13″ S, 50°14′52″ W; 1 Sep. 1986; Profaupar leg.; MCTP 19646 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂, 2 juvs; same locality as for preceding; 27°17′45″ S, 48°21′25″ W; 6 Oct. 1995; A.A. Lise leg.; MCTP 7447 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 27°17′45″ S, 48°21′25″ W; 3 May 1996; A.A. Lise leg.; MCTP 9703 View Materials . – Santa Catarina State GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; São Francisco do Sul , Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas Ambientais Vila da Glória ; 26°13′13″ S, 48°41′19″ W; 12–15 Dec. 2011; I.L.F. Magalhães leg.; UFMG 10317 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; Reserva Biológica Marina do Arvoredo ; 27°17′45″ S, 48°21′25″ W; 5 Oct. 1995; A.A. Lise et al. leg.; MACN-Ar 39675 GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 14 Oct. 1994; MACN-Ar 39676 GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 27°17′45″ S, 48°21′25″ W; 13–14 Oct. 1994; A.A. Lise leg.; MCTP 5119 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 1 juv.; Rancho Queimado ; 27°40′22″ S, 49°01′19″ W; 8–12 Oct. 1994; A.B. Bonaldo and L.A. Moura leg.; MCTP 5960 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 9–13 Oct. 1995; A.A. Lise leg.; MCTP 6982 View Materials . – Rio Grande do Sul State GoogleMaps • 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, 10 juvs; Montenegro; 29°41′20″ S, 51°27′39″ W; 3 Nov. 1977; A.A. Lise leg.; MCN 8075 GoogleMaps • 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, 4 juvs; Canela ; 29°21′56″ S, 50°48′56″ W; 2 Dec. 1976; A.A. Lise leg.; MCN 8079 GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; São Francisco de Paula , Fazenda Três Cachoeiras ; 29°27′15″ S, 50°33′36″ W; 16 Dec. 1999; A. Franceschini leg.; MCN 32046 GoogleMaps • 1 ♀, 17 juvs; Montenegro; 29°41′20″ S, 51°27′39″ W; 15 Dec. 1977; A.A. Lise leg.; MCN 7509 GoogleMaps • 1 ♀, 4 juvs; same locality as for preceding; 29 Sep. 1977; MCN 8080 GoogleMaps • 1 ♂, 4 juvs; Maquiné , Estação Experimental da Fepagro ; 29°39′41″ S, 50°12′47″ W; 6–8 Mar. 1998; L. Moura leg.; MCN 29059 GoogleMaps • 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀, 10 juvs; São Francisco de Paula , Barragem dos Bugres ; 29°20′34″ S, 50°41′46″ W; 1–4 Feb. 1999; L. Moura leg.; MCN 30853 GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; Estrela Velha , Barragem de Itaúba ; 29°15′36″ S, 53°14′14″ W; 17–21 Jan. 2000; A. Franceschini leg.; MCN 32130 GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 7 Mar. 2001; R. Ott leg.; MCN 33697 GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; São Francisco de Paula ; 29°26′52″ S, 50°35′02″ W; 21–24 Mar. 1996; A.A. Lise leg.; MCTP 9855 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; Santa Maria ; 29°41′02″ S, 53°48′25″ W; 17 Jan. 1995; L. Indrusiak leg.; MCTP 10257 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; São Francisco de Paula ; 29°26′52″ S, 50°35′02″ W; 9–12 Jan. 1997; A.A. Lise leg.; MCTP 10742 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; São Francisco de Paula , Potreiro Velho , Pró-Mata ; 29°28′51″ S, 50°10′28″ W; 5–8 Dec. 1996; A.A. Lise leg.; MCTP 13988 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 23–25 Jul. 1996; MCTP 13992 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; Dec. 2001; L.A. Bertoncello and A.A. Lise leg.; MCTP 19427 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; Sep. 2001; MCTP 25750 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; Oct. 2001; MCTP 25761 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; Jul. 2001; MCTP 25762 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; Jan 2002; MCTP 19429 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; Nov. 2001; MCTP 19430 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; Feb. 2002; MCTP 19435 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; Dec. 2001; MCTP 19437 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; Maquiné , Barra do Ouro ; 29°32′18″ S, 50°14′48″ W; 23 Mar. 2011; R.A. Teixeira leg.; MCTP 35069 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 5 Jun. 2011; MCTP 35109 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 4 May 2011; MCTP 39906 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; Floresta Nacional de “São Chico” ; 29°25′24″ S, 50°23′13.0″ W; 19 Dec. 2010; R.A. Teixeira leg.; MCTP 39903 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 23 Jan. 2011; MCTP 39904 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; Viamão ; 30°04′25″ S, 51°06′27″ W; 23 Sep. 1994; A.A. Lise leg.; MACN-Ar 39673 GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; Sapiranga ; 29°37′59″ S, 51°00′00″ W; 14 Nov. 2005; E.L.C. da Silva leg.; MCTP 19755 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♀, 1 juv.; Maquiné , Barra do Ouro ; 29°32′18″ S, 50°14′48″ W; 3 Dec. 2010; R.A. Teixeira leg.; MCTP 31532 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; Santa Maria , Cidade dos Meninos ; 29°40′31″ S, 53°43′10″ W; 15 Jan. 1998; L. Indrusiak and M. Monteiro leg.; MCTP 38671 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; Maquiné , Barra do Ouro ; 29°32′18″ S, 50°14′48″ W; 5 Jun. 2011; R.A. Teixeira leg.; MCTP 39905 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; Santa Maria ; 29°41′02″ S, 53°48′25″ W; 15 Dec. 2004; L. Indrusiak leg.; MCTP 40017 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 27 Aug. 2003; MCTP 40019 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; Viamão , Estação Fitotécnica de Viamão ; 30°02′11″ S, 51°01′18″ W; 6 May 1994; A.A. Lise leg.; MCTP 4678 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Viamão ; 30°04′25″ S, 51°06′27″ W; 23 Sep. 1994; A.A. Lise leg.; MCTP 8407 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; São Francisco de Paula , Potreiro Velho ; 29°28′51″ S, 50°10′28″ W; Jul. 2001; L.A. Bertoncello and A.A. Lise leg.; MCTP 19434 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; Oct. 2001; MCTP 19436 View Materials GoogleMaps .

Description

Female (MCTP 38671)

PROSOMA. Anterior eye row strongly recurved and posterior slightly procurve, carapace predominantly dark-brown with yellowish stains on sides; thoracic region with a pronounced median spire ( Fig. 10A– B View Fig ). Clypeus lighter than the rest of carapace, with a marginal yellowish triangle-shaped mark; chelicerae brown with yellowish stains ( Fig. 10B View Fig ), sternum scutiform, slightly longer than wide, dark-brown with a yellow median macula, endites and labium truncated and totally dark-brown.

LEGS. Predominantly dark-brown with dispersed lighter stains; femora I and II dorsally enlarged, suffused with dorsolateral and ventral conical sockets with a conical macrosetae in each one; tibia I and II with four pairs of ventral macrosetae ( Fig. 10A View Fig ).

OPISTHOSOMA. Dark-brown, rough surfaced, with concave anterior border and a remarkable white taint between the anterior muscular sigilla; the median posterior opisthosomal projection presents acuminate orange tubercles at the tip, with many leaf-shaped setae ( Fig. 10B View Fig ).

MEASUREMENTS. Eye diameters and eye interdistances: AME 0.09, ALE 0.14, PME 0.09, PLE 0.09, AME– AME 0.09, AME–ALE 0.12, PME–PME 0.24, PME–PLE 0.08, MOQ length 0.45, MOQ width 0.40; leg formula: 1-2-4-3: leg I – femur 3.83/ patella 2.07/ tibiae 2.59/ metatarsus 1.81/ tarsus 1.29/ total 11.59; II – 3.78/ 1.96/ 2.38/ 1.76/ 1.29/ 11.17; III – 1.96/ 1.29/ 1.70/ 1.03/ 0.77/ 6.75; IV – 2.48/ 1.29/ 1.81/ 1.34/ 0.82/

7.74. Total body length 9.81; carapace 4.14 length, 3.83 width; opisthosoma length 4.87; clypeus 0.28 height; sternum 1.41 length, 1.12 width; endites 0.74 length, 0.38 width; labium 0.41 length, 0.51 width.

Male (MCTP 25762) PROSOMA. Eye disposition and carapace coloration pattern as in female, except by the posterior slope scars, which are yellow ( Fig. 11A View Fig ). Front lighter than the rest of carapace due to a yellowish triangular mark that extends from the clypeus until the ALE ( Fig. 11B View Fig ). Sternum scutiform, as long as wide, darkbrown with a yellow taint; labium and endites totally dark-brown and truncated.

LEGS. Metatarsi of all legs with a distal yellow stain and posterior femora noticeably bicolor, half yellow, half dark-brown; other leg characteristics as in females ( Fig. 11A View Fig ).

OPISTHOSOMA. As in female, except by the shorter median posterior opisthosomal projection and the lack of agglomerated orange tubercles.

MEASUREMENTS. Eye diameters and eye interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.11, PME 0.08, PLE 0.08, AME– AME 0.06, AME–ALE 0.06, PME–PME 0.16, PME–PLE 0.06, MOQ length 0.32, MOQ width 0.35; leg formula: 1-2-4-3: leg I – femur 1.61/ patella 0.88/ tibiae 1.24/ metatarsus 0.91/ tarsus 0.56/ total 5.20; II – 1.38/ 0.72/ 0.88/ 0.75/ 0.51/ 4.24; III – 0.88/ 0.48/ 0.72/ 0.48/ 0.35/ 2.91; IV – 1.12/ 0.48/ 0.72/ 0.56/ 0.40/ 3.28. Total body length 5.17; carapace 2.43 length, 2.33 width; opisthosoma length 2.74; clypeus 0.29 height; sternum 0.87 length, 0.80 width; endites 0.04 length, 0.24 width; labium 0.25 length, 0.32 width.

Distribution

Brazil (Amazonas, Espiríto Santo, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) ( Fig. 18 View Fig ).