Clevelandella parapanesthiae ( Kidder, 1937 )

Kotyk, Michael, Bourland, William A., Soviš, Matyáš, Méndez-Sánchez, Daniel, Škaloud, Pavel, Varadínová, Zuzana Kotyková & Čepička, Ivan, 2024, Morphology maưers: congruence of morphology and phylogeny in the integrative taxonomy of Clevelandellidae (Ciliophora: Armophorea) with description of six new species, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 202 (1), pp. 1-51 : 30

Clevelandella parapanesthiae ( Kidder, 1937)

( Figs 28 , 29 ; Supporting Information, Tables S35–S40) Four populations (ASS, PGW, PAC, and MP) were morphologically characterized by both in vivo observations and in protargol preparations and two (PT and STH) only in vivo. The ciliate was moderately to highly abundant.

Description based on ASS, PGW, PAC, and MP populations: Medium-sized Clevelandella (on average 99 × 55 µm in vivo, range 66–119 × 31–71 µm; on average 86 × 46 µm in protargol preparations, range 70–114 × 33–56 µm). Spade-shaped with distinct left notch and protrusive left lobe; peristomial projection short, broad, about 24% of body length. Macronucleus from slender inverted teardrop-shape ( Fig. 28A , G, H) to scimitar-like ( Fig. 28C , E, F), obliquely oriented, situated right of midline, posterior end extends into posterior part of body proper, karyophore at posterior end of macronucleus, visible only inconsistently in vivo and in protargol preparations. In MP population cells with S-like ( Fig. 28B ) macronucleus (as well as normal teardrop-shaped) were observed. Micronucleus ellipsoidal, inconspicuous. Somatic cilia limited to approximately anterior 67% of cell. About 10 obliquely oriented, free right sutural kinetofragments in the right suture ( Fig. 28D ). Adoral zone extends about 56% of cell length on average, composed of an average of 38 membranelles (range 35–42). POM diplostichomonad only in anterior quarter ( Fig. 28F ).

Figures

Figure 28. Clevelandella parapanesthiae. In vivo (A, B) and after protargol impregnation (C–H). From PGW (A), MP (B, F), ASS (C, D), PT (E), and PGW (G, H). A, ventral view showing adoral membranelles (white arrow), contractile vacuole (white arrowhead), and micronucleus (black arrowhead). B, ventral view showing atypical macronuclear ‘S’-shape and adoral membranelles (white arrow). C, dorsal view (optical section) showing straight dorsal kineties (black arrowhead), adoral membranelles (white arrow), and left protuberance (asterisk). D, right lateral detail view of sutural kinetofragments (black arrowhead) and dorsal kinety (white arrowhead). E, ventral view (optical section) showing adoral membranelles (white arrow) and left protuberance (asterisk).F, detail view of paroral membrane showing short (white arrowhead) and long (black arrowhead) files.G, dorsal view showing straight dorsal kineties (black arrowhead). H, ventral view showing paroral membrane (black arrow head), prominent notch (white arrowhead)

Figure 29. Clevelandella parapanesthiae in the scanning electron microscope. From PAC. A, ventral view showing notch (white arrow) between left protuberance (white asterisk) and peristomial projection (black asterisk), cilia protruding from cytoproct (black arrow), and cilia of adoral membranelles (black arrowhead). B, dorsal view showing notch (white arrow) between left protuberance (white asterisk) and peristomial projection (black asterisk), and cilia of circumperistomial kineties (black arrow). C, posteroventral view showing posterior protuberance (white asterisk), cilia of adoral membranelles (white arrow), and cilia of circumperistomial kineties (black arrow). D, posterior view showing dorsoventral flattening, right kinetal suture (black arrow) between ventral kineties (white asterisk) and dorsal kineties (black asterisk), position of cytoproct (white arrow), and peristomial overture (white arrowhead). Scale bars: 20 µm (A–D).