Clevelandella kidderi Mandal and Nair, 1974

Kotyk, Michael, Bourland, William A., Soviš, Matyáš, Méndez-Sánchez, Daniel, Škaloud, Pavel, Varadínová, Zuzana Kotyková & Čepička, Ivan, 2024, Morphology maưers: congruence of morphology and phylogeny in the integrative taxonomy of Clevelandellidae (Ciliophora: Armophorea) with description of six new species, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 202 (1), pp. 1-51 : 30

Clevelandella kidderi Mandal and Nair, 1974

( Figs 30 , 31 ; Supporting Information, Tables S41, S42)

One population (ASS) was morphologically characterized by both in vivo observations and in protargol preparations and one (PA) only in vivo. The ciliate was moderately to highly abundant.

Description based on ASS and PA populations: Medium-sized Clevelandella (on average 128 × 58 µm in vivo, range 101–168 × 44–72 µm; on average 94 × 50 µm in protargol preparations, range 84–107 × 42–59 µm). Spade-shaped, peristomial projection about 32% of body length, conspicuous left-sided notch at junction of peristomial projection and body proper, left lobe well developed. Macronucleus inverted teardrop-shape with finely granular chromatin, obliquely oriented, situated right of midline in anterior half of body proper. Karyophore at posterior end of macronucleus, visible inconsistently ( Fig. 30E ). Micronucleus globular near anterior margin of macronucleus. Somatic cilia limited to approximately anterior 60% of cell. Right sutural kinetofragments probably developed ( Fig. 30C ), but better oriented and stained cells would be needed to know for sure. Adoral zone extends about 58% of cell length on average, composed of an average of 47 membranelles (range 45–49). POM as described for the family ( Fig. 30D ).

Figures

Figure 30. Clevelandella kidderi in vivo (A, B) and after protargol impregnation (C–E). From ASS (A–E). A, ventral view showing contractile vacuole (white arrow), ventral kineties (black arrow), and margin of peristomial overture (white arrowhead). B, dorsal view showing contractile vacuole (white arrow) and posterior extent of ciliation on the left margin (black arrowhead). C, ventral infraciliature showing right sutural kinetofragments (black arrow), left-hand spiralling ventral kineties (asterisk), and looping kineties of the peristomial projection (white arrowhead). D, detail view of paroral membrane showing short (white arrowhead) and long (black arrowhead) files, and adoral membranelles, (white arrow). E, detail of macronucleus, ventral view showing inconspicuous karyophore (black arrow). Ma, macronucleus. Scale bars: 20 µm (A–C), 10 µm (D).

Figure 31. Clevelandella kidderi in the scanning electron microscope (A–D). From ASS. A, ventral view showing left-hand-spiralling ventral kineties (black asterisk) meeting dorsal kineties (white asterisk) to form right kinetal suture (white arrowhead), cilia protruding from cytoproct (black arrowhead), and ciliated circumperistomial kineties (black arrow). B, left lateral view showing unciliated parts of dorsal kineties (black asterisk) and ventral kineties (white asterisk), cilia protruding from cytoproct (black arrowhead), and cilia of adoral membranelles seen in peristomial overture (white arrow). C, posterior view showing dorsoventral flattening and right kinetal suture (white arrowhead) between ventral kineties (black asterisk) and dorsal kineties (white asterisk), and dorsal margin of the posterior peristomial projection (white arrow). D, detail of the same cell as (B) showing cilia protruding from cytoproct (black arrowhead) on the left protuberance (asterisk), and posterior extent of somatic ciliation (white arrow). Scale bars: 20 µm (A–C), 10 µm (D).