Clevelandella philipi, Kotyk & Bourland & Soviš & Méndez-Sánchez & Škaloud & Varadínová & Čepička, 2024

Kotyk, Michael, Bourland, William A., Soviš, Matyáš, Méndez-Sánchez, Daniel, Škaloud, Pavel, Varadínová, Zuzana Kotyková & Čepička, Ivan, 2024, Morphology maưers: congruence of morphology and phylogeny in the integrative taxonomy of Clevelandellidae (Ciliophora: Armophorea) with description of six new species, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 202 (1), pp. 1-51 : 8

Clevelandella philipi sp.nov.

( Figs 6 , 7 ; Supporting Information, Tables S5, S6)

Description based on populations from hosts ASS and STH from Papua Neo Guinea: Small- to medium-sized Clevelandella , size in vivo 74–99 × 40–54 µm, usually about 90 × 49 µm; size in protargol preparations 59–88 × 35–47µm, usually about 75 × 41 µm in STH population; size in vivo 73–95 × 43–59 µm, usually about 87 × 49 µm; size in protargol preparations 49–78 × 29–41 µm, usually about 63 × 34 µm in ASS population. Body proper dorsoventrally flattened; overall outline spade-shaped in ventral view, widest near junction of body proper with peristomial projection, cell outline asymmetric due to prominent left lobe, anterior end of cell tapers to blunt point; peristomial projection joins body proper near right margin; left cell margin conspicuously notched at base of peristomial projection, left lobe overhangs peristomial projection up to one-third of its length ( Figs 6A–D , 7B–D, G, H). Macronucleus usually inverted teardrop-shape ( Fig. 7B , E, F), right margin slightly convex, or ellipsoidal ( Figs 6A , 7A, G, H), karyophore unobserved. Chromatin coarsely granular. Micronucleus ellipsoidal (5.5 × 2.5 µm), adjacent to right anterior margin of macronucleus ( Figs 6B , 7G). Swims slowly.

Somatic ciliature arranged in about 55 kineties. Cilia present only on anterior two-thirds of cell ( Fig. 7B ). About nine widelyspaced, curved, free transverse ciliary rows on peristomial projection. Right sutural kinetofragments numerous, well developed ( Fig. 7C , E). Peristomial projection averages about 24% of total body length in STH population, 28% in ASS population. Peristomial opening extends one-half ( Fig. 7A ) to three-quarters ( Fig. 7B , H) of length of peristomial projection. Adoral zone extends anteriorly about 51% (STH) to 57% (ASS) of body length to end near posterior margin of macronucleus, composed of an average of 30 (ASS) to 32 (STH) membranelles, adoral zone widest in peristomial projection, narrows anteriorly, POM as described for the family.

Occurrence: Clevelandella philipi was found in the hindgut of two Panesthiinae species from Papua New Guinea: ASS and STH from the same locality (Wanang 3). Of STH individuals, all of which were juveniles, 30% harboured C. philipi . Since only two adults of the STH population (both males) were dissected, no conclusions can be reached about possible life-stage specificity. In the ASS population, C. philipi was present in 37% of cockroach individuals regardless of age and sex. When present, the ciliate is typically abundant. In ASS the infection with C. philipi sp. nov. frequently (90%) co-occurred with C. ananiasi sp. nov., requiring care in identification.

Figures

Figure 6. Schematic drawings of Clevelandella philipi sp. nov. from life (A) and after protargol impregnation (B–D). A, ventral view of a typical individual.B, ventral view showing the oral apparatus and nuclear structures. C, ventral infraciliature.D, dorsal infraciliature.AZM, adoral zone of membranelles; CPK, cilia of circumperistomial kineties; CV, contractile vacuole; HL, hyaline subcortical layer; Ma, macronucleus; Mi, micronucleus; POM, paroral membrane; POV, peristomial overture; SK, somatic kineties. Scale bars:20 µm.

Figure 7. Clevelandella philipi sp. nov., in vivo (A, B) and after protargol impregnation (C–I). From STH (A–G) and ASS (H, I). A, ventral view showing thick, hyaline cortical layer (between black arrowheads), cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (black arrow) and adoral membranelles (white arrow). B, ventral view showing posterior extent of somatic ciliation (white arrowheads).Note variability of macronuclear shape (A, B). C, ventral infraciliature with detail (inset) showing right sutural kinetofragments (white arrowheads). D, dorsal view showing infraciliature, ciliated circumperistomial kineties (black arrow), looping kineties of peristomial projection (white arrow), and cytoproct (black arrowhead).E, ventral view showing left-hand spiralling ventral somatic kineties (black asterisk) and right sutural kinetofragments (black arrowhead).F, dorsal view showing straight somatic kineties (white asterisk), disordered basal bodies on left protuberance (white arrow), and paroral membrane (black arrowhead). G, dorsal view showing micronucleus (white arrowhead). H, dorsal view showing straight dorsal somatic kineties (asterisk), proximal margin of the peristomial overture (white arrow), and looping kineties of peristomial projection (black arrowhead). I, detail view showing diplostichomonad paroral membrane composed of shorter right file (black arrowhead) and longer left file (white arrowhead) of basal bodies. Ma, macronucleus. Scale bars:20 µm (A–H) 10 µm (I).