Clevelandella ananiasi, Kotyk & Bourland & Soviš & Méndez-Sánchez & Škaloud & Varadínová & Čepička, 2024

Kotyk, Michael, Bourland, William A., Soviš, Matyáš, Méndez-Sánchez, Daniel, Škaloud, Pavel, Varadínová, Zuzana Kotyková & Čepička, Ivan, 2024, Morphology maưers: congruence of morphology and phylogeny in the integrative taxonomy of Clevelandellidae (Ciliophora: Armophorea) with description of six new species, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 202 (1), pp. 1-51 : 8

Clevelandella ananiasi sp.nov.

( Figs 3–5 ; Supporting Information, Table S4)

Description based on population from ASS hosts from Papua Neo Guinea: Small Clevelandella , size invivo 69–87 × 35–52 µm, usually about 77 × 41 µm; size in protargol preparations 44–67 × 25–34 µm, usually about 55 × 29 µm. Body proper dorsoventrally flattened; overall outline in ventral view asymmetrically spade-shaped, with prominent left lobe, anterior cell end bluntly pointed; peristomial projection joins body proper to right of midline. Left cell margin notched at base of peristomial projection forming a lobe that overhangs the peristomial projection for about one-fifth of its length. Macronucleus ellipsoidal ( Figs 3A , 4A) to inverted teardrop-shape ( Figs 3B , 4B–E, G), anterior end rounded, posterior end acutely tapered, chromatin coarsely granular. Karyophore attached to posterior margin of macronucleus ( Figs 3A , 4A, B). Micronucleus ellipsoidal (4.4 × 3.4 µm), adjacent to anterior margin of macronucleus ( Figs 3B , 4G). Swims slowly.

Somatic ciliature consists of about 60 kineties, only anterior two-thirds of body properly ciliated ( Fig. 5A , B). Right sutural kinetofragments not confirmed, cannot be completely excluded due to suboptimal orientation of cells in protargol preparations.

Peristomial projection extends an average of 28% of total cell length. Lateral part of peristomial opening extends about three-quarters of length ( Figs 4A , F, 5A) of peristomial projection. Adoral zone usually extends about 52% of cell length, composed of an average of 23 membranelles. Fine structures of POM unrecognizable due to poor staining but visibly stichomonad at the posterior ( Fig. 5B–D ).

Occurrence: Clevelandella ananiasi sp. nov. was found in the hindgut of two Panesthiinae species from Papua New Guinea: ASS and STH from the same locality (Wanang 3). It occurred in 56% of ASS individuals regardless of age and sex. In STH the ciliate was present only in one juvenile host individual among 10 dissected insects. When present, the ciliate is typically abundant. In ASS, infection with C. ananiasi sp. nov. frequently co-occurs (60%) with C. sidi sp. nov. requiring special care in species identification.

Figures

Figure 3. Schematic drawings of Clevelandella ananiasi from life (A) and protargol impregnation (B–D). A, ventral view of a typical individual. B, ventral view showing the oral apparatus and nuclear structures. C, ventral infraciliature. D, dorsal infraciliature.AZM, adoral zone of membranelles; CPK, circumperistomial cilia; CV, contractile vacuole; HL, hyaline subcortical layer; K, karyophore; Ma, macronucleus; Mi, micronucleus; POM, paroral membrane; SK, somatic kineties. Scale bars:20 µm.

Figure 4. Clevelandella ananiasi sp. nov. from ASS. In vivo (A, B) and after protargol impregnation (C–G). A, ventral view showing karyophore (white arrowhead), contractile vacuole (asterisk), posterior extent of somatic cilia (black arrowhead), and cilia of circumperistomial kineties (black arrow). B, ventral view showing a more slender macronucleus, karyophore (white arrowhead), contractile vacuole (asterisk), and adoral membranelles (black arrowhead).C, ventral view showing excretory (black arrow). D, ventral infraciliature.E, dorsal infraciliature of same cell as (D). F, detail view of peristomial projection showing the peristomial overture (black arrowhead) and cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (white arrowheads).G, detail view showing position of micronucleus (white arrow). Ma, macronucleus. Scale bars:20 µm (A–C), 10 µm (D–F), 5 µm (G).

Figure 5. Clevelandella ananiasi sp. nov. (from ASS) in the scanning electron microscope. A, ventral view showing anterior margin of peristomial overture (white arrowhead), cilia of adoral membranelles (black arrowhead), and cilia of circumperistomial kineties (black arrow). B, posteroventral view showing posterior end of the right suture (black arrow), the cytoproct with protruding cilia (white arrow), the inconspicuous left suture (black arrowhead), and the posterior end of the paroral membrane (white arrowhead). C, detail view of the peristomial overture showing adoral membranelles (black asterisk), cilia of the posterior end of the paroral membrane (black arrows), dikinetids of the posteriormost circumperistomial kinety (white arrowheads), and cilia of the circumperistomial kineties (white arrow). D, detail [same cell as (B)] showing the single file of basal bodies comprising the posterior part of the paroral membrane (white arrowhead), cilia of the paroral (black arrow), and the left suture (asterisk). Scale bars: 20 µm (A, B), 10 µm (C, D).