Urtica dioica Linnaeus subsp. dioica var. dioica

Grosse-Veldmann, Bernadette & Weigend, Maximilian, 2015, Weeding the nettles III: Named nonsense versus named morphotypes in European Urtica dioica L. (Urticaceae), Phytotaxa 208 (4), pp. 239-260 : 245-249

1. Urtica dioica Linnaeus subsp. dioica var. dioica . Fig. 1

≡ Urtica dioica Linnaeus (1753: 984) . Lectotype (designated by Woodland 1982: 283):— herb. Linnaeus 1111.8 (LINN!, photographs in AUB, DAO, M, MTMG).

= Urtica sicula Gasp. ex Guss. (1844: 580) . ≡ Urtica dioica L. var. sicula (Guss.) Wedd. (1856: 78) . Lectotype (designated by Corsi et al. 1999):— ITALY. Sicily: “in umbrosis montosis Sicilia, Madonie alla Pietá”, Gasparrini s.n. (herb. Gasparrini, PAV).

Both the historical material and the plants collected at the type locality which were taken into cultivation in Berlin [Weigend 7801 (B, BM, KRAM, M, LE)] coincide with typical U. dioica :— ITALY. Sicily: Palermo al Parco, Polizzi all´acqua della Pietà, leg. Gasparrini s.n., in herb. Gussone (FI!); Mt. Etna, San Nicoló del Bosco, Parlatore s.n. (ex herb. Gussone, FI!), see Corsi et al. (1999) and Weigend (2005).

= Urtica dioica L. var. vulgaris Wedd. subvar. montana Wedd. (1856: 77) . Holotype:— SWITZERLAND. Wallis: “in Valesia regione alpina, juxta monticolarum domos”, ad. 2400 m, J. Gay s.n. (not located).

= Urtica dioica L. var. parvifolia Wierzb. ex Heuff. (1858: 157) . Holotype:— HUNGARY. No additional locality data (not located).

Small-leaved, late-season form (see Weigend 2005).

= Urtica dioica L. var. curvidens Schur (1866: 601) . Holotype:— ROMANIA [?]. Transylvania: Sibiu, in shady montane forests, Arpaser- Kerzesorer-Gebirge, July , Schur sert. n. 2513 (not located).

= Urtica dioica L. var. montana Schur (1866: 601) . Holotype:— ROMANIA. “Auf Felsen und Mauern, Kalk, bei Kronstadt”, Schur s.n. (not located).

Small individual on a dry stone wall (see Weigend 2005).

= Urtica dioica L. subsp. dioica var. lamiifolia Schur (1866: 601) . Holotype:— ROMANIA [?]. Transylvania: Sibiu, “var. alpina ”, “auf Triften und Sennhütten der Alpen”, 6000´, July, Aug., Schur, sert. n. 2513 (not located). Neotype (here designated):—SLOWAKIA. Brünn, 8 Juli 1871, Schur 3639A (FI!).

= Urtica dioica L. var. hermaphrodita Čelak. (1867: 146) . Holotype:— CZECH REPUBLIC. Hradec Králové Region: Gradlitz, Preissler s.n. (not located).

Monoecious form (see Weigend 2005).

= Urtica dioica L. var. ramosissima L.Richt. (1872: 167) . Holotype:— HUNGARY [?]. Nyitra county: near Zala, near the river Waag, August [year?], L. Richter s.n. (not located). Numerous specimens of Ludwig (Lajos) Richter have been seen but none is annotated as “ ramosissima ”. From the description, material was evidently of a late-season form with extensive branching and small leaves ( Weigend 2005).

= Urtica haussknechtii Boiss. (1879: 1146) . Holotype:— TURKEY [?]. Iter Syriaco-Armeniacum : Hab. ad maenia urbis Eski Malatia Catatoniae, 18 Sept. 1865, Ch. Haussknecht s.n. (JE!).

From the type specimens and description this represents a small-leaved, late-season form ( Weigend 2005).

= Urtica dioica L. var. trilobescens Ullep. (1888: 20) . ≡ Urtica dioica L. f. trilobescens (Ullep.) Sagorski & G.Schneid. (1891: 450) . Neotype (here designated):— HUNGARY [?]. Tatra: Im Belaer Kalkgebirge heisst eine Lehne seit undenklichen Zeiten “ Nesselblösse ”, June 1892, Ullepitsch s.n. (W!–1959–7171, isolectotype: FR!).

= Urtica dioica var. androgyna Beck (1890: 306) . Holotype:— AUSTRIA. Lower Austria: near Raxalpe-Gaislochsteig, Beck s.n. (not located).

Monoecious form.

= Urtica dioica L. var. dioica f. ramosa L. Neumann (1901: 587) . Holotype:—no locality or collection given, not located. Neotype (here designated):— SWEDEN. Scania: Ystad, Aug. 1901, H. Nilsson s.n. (PR! No. 57910).

Typical small-leaved, branched late-season from (see Weigend 2005).

= Urtica dioica L. var. mitissima Hausskn. (1901: 134) . Lectoype (designated by Weigend 2005):— GERMANY. Bavaria: Upper Palatinate, Fichtelgebirge, Katharinenberg near Wunsiedel, 3 Aug. 1900, Ch. Haussknecht s.n. (JE!, 4 sheets).

Additional material:— Several collections from type locality, M. & K. Weigend 7779-C (♀: B, BM, HBG, JE, KRAM, M, NY, LE, W; ♂: B, BM, HBG, JE, KRAM, M, NY, LE, W), compare Weigend (2005) .

= Urtica dioica L. var. pseudo-balearica Lojac. (1904: 350). Holotype:— ITALY. Sicily: Palermo, Castelbuono a Bocca di Cava , „sub U. balearica in herb. Pan. serv.“ (not seen).

From the description not to be distinguished from typical U. dioica , our own collections from the type locality confirm this [Sicily: Palermo, Parco delle Madonie, above Castelbuono, 1000–1100 m, Oct. 2003, ♂, M. & K. Weigend 8082 (M, W, LE, KRAM, BM); same locality and date, ♀, M. & K. Weigend 8083 (M, W, KRAM, BM)] .

= Urtica dioica L. ( var. dioica ) f. czarnohorensis Zapał. (1908: 91) . Holotype:— UKRAINE. E Carpathians: in the subalpine (dwarf pine) belt of Cernohora, Breskuł, near Pożyżewska, appr. 1700 m, 4 Aug. 1908, Zapałowicz 221.598 (♂, KRAM, No. 153157!).

Smaller, more coarsely dentate form typical of more exposed habitats and higher elevations.

= Urtica dioica L. var. carpatica (Zapał.) A.Schreib. , in Hegi (1981: 301). ≡ Urtica dioica f. carpatica Zapał. (1908: 92) . Holotype:— POLAND. Zawoja: Babia Góra, Polish Western Carpathians, Western Beskidy, 30 km NW from Tatras, in mixed forests and beech forests, very abundantly at “Czarna Hala” pasture, 19 July 1906, ZapałowieczZapalowiecz s.n. (♂, KRAM, No. 153156!).

= Urtica dioica L. var. mirabilis Zapał. (1908: 91) . Holotype:— POLAND. Foothills of Polish Eastern Carpathians : Strzyżów in the region of Jasło, Holzer 51.102 ( KRAM!, KRAM No. 152746).

Monoecious form, with some male flowers with moderately developed (but evidently abortive) ovary (see Weigend 2005).

= Urtica dioica L. var. dioica f. parvifolia Zapał. (1908: 91) . Holotype:— UKRAINE. Podolia : W Ukraine , Dniestr valley , Rozwadów in the region of Żydaczów, 6 Aug. 1896, Paczoski 102.304 (♂, KRAM!, KRAM No. 153165).

Typical small-leaved, branched late-season form (see Weigend 2005).

= Urtica dioica L. var. sarmatica Zapał. f. subsetosa Zapał. (1908: 93) . Lectotype (designated by Weigend 2005):— POLAND. Biecz : Eastern Polish Carpathians, 28 June 1876, Pospolita s. n. (♂, KRAM!, KRAM No. 152743).

= Urtica dioica L. var. macrodonta Borb. (1900: 337) . Lectotype (here designated):— Anno 1892, Baenitz herb. Europ. No. 6996 (B!, isotypes: BM!, H!, PRC!).

Often erroneously cited from Ascherson & Graebner (1911) and based on the exsiccat „Borb. ex Baenitz”, but clearly first published with a latin diagnosis in Borbás 1900.

- Urtica dioica L. var. α latifolia Ledeb. (1833: 240) , nom. superfl.

Refers explicitly to U. dioica L. and is used to differentiate it from (illegitimate) var. angustifolia (Fisch. ex Hornem.) Ledeb. , erroneously taken up in Ascherson & Graebner (1911: 608) and Hayek (1927: 93).

- Urtica dioica L. var. latifolia Peterm. ex Opiz (1852: 100–101) , nom. illeg. & superfl. (non var. latifolia Ledeb. 1833 ).

- Urtica dioica L. var. vulgaris Wedd. , in DC. (1856: 77), nom. superfl.

- Urtica dioica L. var. microphylla Baen. (1862: 233) , nom. illeg. (non var. microphylla Hausmann 1852 ). Original material:— GERMANY. Görlitz, Baenitz s.n. (B!).

- Urtica dioica L. var. typica Pospich. (1897: 339) , nom. superfl.

Refers explicitly to U. dioica L., erroneously taken up in e.g. Ascherson & Graebner (1911: 608).

- Urtica dioica L. var. latifolia Farw. (1930: 57) , nom. illeg. (non var. α latifolia Ledeb. (1833) . Lectotype (designated by Woodland 1982:

283):— USA. Michigan Lake Linden, 29 July 1929, Farwell 8513 (MICH).

- Urtica diocia L. subsp. eu-dioeca Selander (1947: 271), nom. superfl.

Refers explicitly to U. dioica L. and is used to differentiate it from subsp. sondenii (Simmons) Hylander.

- Urtica dioica L. var. setosa A. Żumday , sensu A. Żumday, ined. in herb. KRAM:— POLAND. Kraków: Podgórze, Ludwinów, 29 July 1908, A. Żumday s.n. (KRAM, 041369!, 152899!).

Female plants, evidently typical dioica (strongly urticating).

- Urtica intermedia Guss. , ined. in herb. FI:— ITALY. Sicily: “Boccadisalto”, herb. Gussone s.n. (FI).

- Urtica dioica L. var. amoena Henby , ined. in herb. M:— GERMANY. Bavaria: Middle Franconia, Rothenburg, above the Tauber, in the garden, Sept.1953, D.J. Henby s.n. (M).

Typical var. dioica , with unusually neat and symmetrical leaves.

- Urtica dioica L. var. aberrata Termonia , ined. in herb. B:— FRANCE. Charente-Inferieure: Saintes, haies, pies des murs, Aug. 1897, Termonia 4156 (B!, possibly published by the Societé Rochelaise).

Small-leaved late-season form, otherwise typical var. dioica .

- Urtica dioica L. var. androgyna Beck f. mixta Dybowski , ined. in herb. KRAM:— LITHUANIA [?] (Litwa). Niánków: “im Obstgarten, sehr selten”, 27 July 1894, Dybowski 218.1418 (KRAM, 153145, 153146).

Monoecious plants, sexes completely mixed on branches, otherwise typical var. dioica .

- Urtica dioica L. var. dioica var. gynandra Beck (f.) androgyna Dyb., ined. in herb. KRAM:— LITHUANIA [?] (Litwa). Niánków, 15 July 1894, Dybowski 218.1417 (KRAM, 152737, 152738).

Monoecious specimen, with female flowers basally, male flowers apically, otherwise typical var. dioica .

- Urtica dioica L. subsp. hermaphroditica Lonatschewskij , ined. in herb. PR, KIEL:— RUSSIA (Moldavia). Kiev , “in ruderatis”, 29 July 1909, A. Lonatschewskij s.n. ( PR, 57912, without number) ; dito, A. Lonatschewskij 817 ( KIEL!) .

Monoecious specimen, but typical var. dioica .

- Urtica dioica L. ( var. dioica ) f. czarnohorensis Zapał. subf. verticillata Olson , ined. in herb. GB:— SWEDEN. Vestrogothia: Toarp, Trollhättar, 10 July 1922, A.O. Olson s.n. (GB).

Typical var. dioica , but with three (instead of two) leaves per node.

- Urtica dioica var. diversifolia Ullep. , ined. in herb. B:— POLAND. Opole: Zips, Villa Lers, July 1892, Ullpeitsch s.n. (B!) und Littmann gegen Leschnitz, June 1891, Ullepitsch s.n. (B!). MS on sheet: “ Urtica dioica L. var. longifolia Michi ”.

Typical form from moist places with widely ovate lower and median leaves.

- Urtica dioica L. var. longifolia Ullep. , ined. in herb. B:— POLAND. Opole: Zips, June 1891, Ullepitsch s.n. (B!).

Female, MS on sheet “ Urtica dioica L. var. longifolia Michi ”.

- Urtica drepanodonta Ullep. , ined. in herb. B:— SLOVAKIA. Zips: Villa Lers, July 1893, Ullepitsch s.n. (B!).

- Urtica longifolia Ullep. , ined. in herb. B:— POLAND. Wólka wieś, A. Rehmann s.n. (herb. Ulleptisch, B!); Pogórze Przemyskie, Dobromil olszynka nad Wyrwa, A. Rehman s.n. (B!).

A comparison with the type specimen at LINN shows that this is indeed the typical form of Urtica dioica and can therefore be formally (if redundantly) called: Urtica dioica subsp. dioica var. dioica .

This is the common, lowland and coastal, weedy form: robust, often over 150 cm tall, median leaves broadly ovate with a cordate base, coarsely and regularly serrate leaf margins, teeth usually undivided even on the largest leaves, but sometimes the proximal ones again with two or three teeth. The entire plant is more or less densely covered with stinging hairs usually interspersed with short, stiff bristles and simple trichomes. The perianth has no, or only individual stinging hairs (usually only in some female flowers). Female inflorescences are initially spreading, densely and strongly branched, but deflexed to pendulous in fruit, male inflorescences are much branched, and horizontally spreading. The characters of the inflorescence, habit and gross leaf morphology are shared by the subsequent form ( var. hispida ), which differs mainly in details of leaf serration and indument. Montane forms have been segregated under a range of names, but show no consistent morphological differences. There is a trend for particularly coarse leaf teeth, these more frequently lobed, and the plants are also often slightly smaller, but these differences are not stable in cultivation.

Distribution and Ecology: —Common mostly in open habitats, on roadsides, waste grounds, disturbed sites, pastures at low and intermediate elevations, also commonly found in the mountains of eastern, central and southern Europe, especially in alpine pastures and on nutrient rich and permanently moist, but not wet sites.

Conservation status: —Using IUCN criteria ( IUCN 2001), Urtica dioica subsp. dioica var. dioica is considered “Least Concern” (LC).

Representative specimens:— BULGARIA. Haskovo: Dolno Lukovo, Eastern Rhodopen , 19 June 2006, W. Lang 48 (private herb.) ; same locality and date, W. Lang 46 (private herb.) ; Sofia: E Sofia, Koprivschtiza , brookside, W. Lang 1 (private herb.) ;— GERMANY. Baden-Württemberg: Neckargemünd, Wiesenbachertal, entrance from Herrenweg , left wayside, 211 m, 20 Aug. 2007, T. Camenzind 23 (♀, BONN) ; Bavaria: Northern Upper Palatinate, Katharinenberg near Wunsiedel , from type locality of var. mitissima Hausskn. , cultivated in Berlin July 2003, M. & K. Weigend 7779-C (♂ and ♀, BONN, E, K, MA) ; Berlin: Friedrichshain, Corinthstrasse parking lot, N 52°29’58,46’’, E 13°27’42,33’’, 39 m, cultivated in Berlin July 2010, M. Weigend 9388 (♂, BONN) ; same locality and date, cultivated in Berlin July 2010, M. Weigend 9389 (♀, BONN) ; Dahlwitzer Landstr. N of Friedrichshagen, branch to Ravensburg , across from 60 km /h sign 47 m, 15 Aug. 2007, T. Camenzind 26 (<♂ ♀>, BONN) ; Friedrichshagen , Müggelseedamm E of “Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz” right into path, at small bath meadow, 32 m, 15 Aug. 2007, T. Camenzind 09 (♂, BONN) ; same locality and date, T. Camenzind 10 (♂, BONN) ; FU Berlin, compost near green houses of the “ Institut für Pflanzenphysiologie ”, 53 m, 17 Aug. 2007, T. Camenzind 20 (♂, BONN) ; Krumme Lake, Berlin-Müggelheim, corner Staudenheimer Str. / Duchrother Str. right into path, at 2. road junction, 17 Sept. 2007, cultivated in Berlin August 2008, T. Camenzind 29-C (<♂ ♀>, BONN) ; Teltow-Fläming, Grossbeeren, road from Grossbeeren to Diedersdorf , near Diedersdorf at an old transformer building, 40 m, 12 July 2006, N. M. Nürk 320 (<♂ ♀>, BONN) ; Brandenburg: Pichelswerder, near eastern bank, Oct. 2001, cultivated in Berlin June 2003, K. Weigend 2001/3 (♀, BONN, LE, M, W) ; same locality and date, cultivated in Berlin June 2003, K. Weigend 2001/4 (♀, BM, BONN, KRAM, LE, M, W) ; same locality and date, cultivated in Berlin June 2003, K. Weigend 2001/5b (♀, BONN, KRAM, LE, M, W) ; Reinickendorf, Tegel, Tegeler See , 10 October 2001, cultivated in Berlin July 2005, T. Henning & Ch. Schneider 313 (♀, BONN, LE, M) ; Bleyen near Küstrin, banks of the River Oder , immediately next to the water in seasonally inundated region, Oct. 2001, cultivated in Berlin July 2003, M. & K. Weigend 5658-C (♂, BONN) ; Grosser Wannsee, Street “Am Postfenn”, 20 May 2002, M. & K. Weigend 7102 (♂, and <♂ ♀>, BONN) ; Märkisch-Oderland, Neuenhagen near Berlin on road towards B1, 10 Oct. 2001, cultivated in Berlin July 2004, T. Henning & Ch. Schneider 312 (♀, BM, BONN, KRAM, LE, M, NY, P, W) ; Müggelheim, Spreewald near Müggelspree ( Grosser Müggelsee E of Berlin), Str. 35, near Ferryport F 24.0, Oct. 2001, cultivated in Berlin June 2003, K. Weigend 2001/2a (♂, BONN, KRAM, M) ; same locality and date, cultivated in Berlin June 2003, K. Weigend 2001/2c (<♂ ♀>, BONN, M) ; N of Berlin, Landkreis Barnim, Blumberg near Berlin, 10 October 2001, cultivated in Berlin July 2003, T. Henning & Ch. Schneider 310 (♀, BONN, LE, M, W) ; N of Berlin, Landkreis Barnim, Blumberg near Berlin, 10 Oct. 2001, cultivated in Berlin July 2003, T. Henning & Ch. Schneider 311 (♀, BONN, M, W) ; Berlin-Dahlem, grounds of the “Institut für Biologie, FU Berlin”, Altensteinstr. 6, 40 m, 19 Sept. 2006, N. M. Nürk & J. Devers 337 (♀, BONN) ;— GREECE. Imathias: Vrisaki (little village 2 km W of Alexandria ) ; alluvial plain of the river Aliakmonas, Leg. Th. Franke & P. Iosifidou Juli 9 2006, 06-01 (♂, BONN) ; same locality and date, 06-02 (♀, BONN) ; same locality and date, 06-03 (♂, BONN) ;— HUNGARY. Pest: “ In fossis ad Szabadszállás ”, 25 June 1918, A. de Degen s.n. ( BM) ; In pratis silvaticis Hohe Tatra Carpathorum , Julio 1892, F. Schultz –herbarium normale, nov. ser. cent. 29, Ullepitsch 2885 ( BM, PR, W) ;— ITALY. Sicily: Siracusa, Valle dell ‘ Anapo (nature preserve) near to Sortino , Road SP 28 from Sortino to Ferla (in the valley of Anapo ), ca. 425 m, 10 May 2007, N. M. Nürk 342 (♀, BONN) ; same locality and date, N.M. Nürk 343 (♂, BONN) ; Spiaggia , 26 July 1851, leg. Parlatore s.n. ( FI) ; Panormi al flumine? Areto , June 1835, Da Parlatore s.n. ( FI) ; Isola di ??? vers Spiagiia , 09 Aug. 1851, Da Parlatore s.n. ( FI) ;— LITHUANIA. Nowogródek: Nianków , anno 1894, W. Dybowski 236/11172 ( KRAM) ;— NETHERLANDS. Limburg: Neercanne castle near Maastricht , 19 Aug. 1950, R.C. Bakhuizen & v. D. Brink 6907 ( BM) ;— POLAND. Lower Silesia: Wrocław, at river Oder in front of the zoological garden, July 1866, R. v. Uechtritz s.n. ( JENA) ; Wrocław, Uhlauer Vorstadt, Kleine Lepsingbrücke , 17 Aug. 1877, R. v. Uechtritz s.n. ( JENA) ; Podlaskie: Osowiec Twierdza, at northern entrance to the town, ca. 100 m of town sign on the right side in understory, cultivated in Berlin Aug.2008, M. Weigend 9145 (♂, BONN) ; Cieszyn: Harbutowice, Beskid Średni , 26 July 1965, H. & T. Tacik s.n. ( KRAM) ; Beskid Niski , 25 July 1956, T. Tacik s.n. ( KRAM) ; Tatry: Mala Kosista , 29 July 1953, T. Tacik s.n. ( KRAM) ; 6 September 1926, Anon. s.n. ( KRAM 221896 ) ;— SLOVAKIA. Villa Lers ( Hungary ), August 1892, Ullepitsch s.n. (2 x B) ; without legible locality and date, Zips & Ulleptisch s.n. (B);— SWEDEN. Gotland: Klinteham , 26 Aug. 1882, M. Lönnroth s.n. ( GB) ; Halland: Släp parish, shore of Kyviken , 08 July 1980, C.I. Sahlin s.n. (♂, GB) ; Jämtland: Bräcka , 11 July 1918, K.B. Nordstrom s.n. ( GB) ; Norrbotten: between Gammelstaden and Luleâ, original collection by H. H. Hilger August 2005, cultivated in Berlin July 2006, M. Weigend 8717 (♀, B, BONN, M) ; Frösön, Storsjön , 29 Sept. 1916, G. Öhrstedt s.n. ( FI! BM) ; Öland: Eastcoast, Tribergaläge between Triberga and Hultenstad, 23 November 2001, cultivated in Berlin July 2003, S. Kipka s.n. (♀, BM, BONN, KRAM, LE, M, NY, P, W) ; Borgholm , July 1907, G.? Johannson s.n. (2 x BM) ; Westrogothia, par. Toarp ad Lindås , 20 Aug. 1913, A.D.Olson s.n. ( BM fem. blühend) ; Samland [?]: Namjö [?], 07 Aug. 1909, A. Hälphers s.n. (fr., fem., GB) ; Skåne Iän: Ö. Vram, annot 1910, G.E. Nihlen 165 ( BM) ; Toarp, Trollhättar , 10 July 1922, A.O. Olson s.n. ( GB) ; Malmö , September 1894, G. Johannsson s.n. ( BM) ; Sodermanland: Nikolai, Lifsholmen , 06 July 1902, C. Blom s.n. ( GB) ; Värmland: 30 June 1921, A. Binning s.n. ( GB) ; Västergötland: Skövde & Hjo, at 194, forest, N 58 20,68, E 14 09,063, original collection by H.H. Hilger Aug. 2005, cultivated in Berlin July 2006, M. Weigend 8719-C, (♀, B, BONN, M) ; par. Toarp, ad Bråthule , 11 August 1913, A. Olson s.n. ( BM) ; Västernorrlandslän: Solberg, N 63 47,064, E 17 39,098, original collection by H. H. Hilger Aug. 2005, cultivated in Berlin July 2006, M. Weigend 8718- C (♀, B, BONN, M) ;— SWITZERLAND. Wallis: Zeneggen near Visp, Moosalp , parking lot next to restaurant, ca. 2000 m, 29 Aug. 2004, M. & K. Weigend 8105 (<♂ ♀>, BONN, FI, M, NY, P, S, USM) ;— UKRAINE. Kiew: near Kiew, city of Uman , July 1907, N. Schibika s.n. ( JENA) ; Kiew , Aug. 1907, A. Lonatschewksi s.n. ( JENA, KIEL, KRAM) ; Kiew , 20 July 1907, A. Lonatschewksi s.n. ( BM, JENA, KRAM) ; Lwów [Lviv], Rehman 69.1244 ( KRAM, 163076, B) ; Kleparów na wale kolejowym, A. Rehmann s.n. (B) ; Ternopil: Ostapie near Skałat, SE from Ternopil, W Ukraine , Paczoski 102.303, ( KRAM, 23.7.1896) ; UNITED KINGDOM. Devon: — Star Point , Aug. 1899, Druce s.n. ( BM) ; Countisbury, Coombe Farm , 06 Sept. 1917, W. C. Barton 282 ( BM) ; E. Norfolk, Sheringham , Aug. 1916, F. Long 1843 ( BM) ; N Devon, Brendon , roadside, 25 Aug. 1917, W. C. Barton 281 ( BM, pro parte) ; Westerness: Arisaig , Aug. 1903, H.J. Riddendell s.n. (2 x BM, 1x with G.C. Druce s.n. as collector!) ; Cheshire: Edge Quarry , 15 Aug. 1908, Lex 1483c (2 x BM) ; Herefordshire: near Ross , 27 Aug. 1901, A. Ley 380 ( BM) ; Weston-under-Penyard , 30 Aug. 1906, A. Ley 1380 ( BM) ; Hereford, Breinton , 31 August 1905, A. Ley 1380 (2 x BM) ; riverbank, Carey , 5 Sept. 1902, A. Ley 1380 (2 x BM) ; Mouns [?], wood, 25 Aug. 1891, A. Ley 1266c ( BM) ; Hanwell Tip , 23 September 1952, D.H. Kent 21 ( BM) ; Little Birch , 12 Aug. 1888, A. Bromwich s.n. ( BM) ; Leicestershire: Quorn , 03 Aug. 1905, F.L. Foord-Kelcey 1483c ( BM) ; Buckshire: Ditch, Little Kimble , 13 Sept. 1910, F.L. Foord-Kelcey 711 ( BM) ; Sussex: W Sussex, Shorney Island, near W Shorney , 06 Sept. 1903, R.S. Standen s.n. ( BM). Somerset: N Somerset?, Portishead, 03 Aug. 1922, I.M. Berger 1483 (3 x BM) ; Leicester, Newstead road, 29 July 1903, W. Bell s.n. (1 x BM) ; Yorkshire: NW Yorkshire, Conistone , 29 Aug. 1930, T.J. Foggit s.n. ( BM) ; Middlesex: between Devon and Harefiled , 19 Sept. 1910, Hast? s.n. ( BM) ; Brecon: Glen Collwng , 850 ft., 24 Sept. 1908, A. Ley 1483b ( BM) ; Perthshire: Glen Fallock , 04 Aug. 1946, J.T.I. Boswell-Syme s.n. ( BM) ; Wiltshire: S Wiltshire, roadside near Keevil , 18 Aug. 1903, E.S. Marshall 2716 ( BM) .

Intermediate specimens:— GERMANY. Brandenburg: Müggelheim, Spreewald near Müggelspree ( Grosser Müggelsee E of Berlin), Str. 35, near Ferryport F 24.0, Oct. 2001, cultivated in Berlin June 2003, transition to var. holosericea, K. Weigend 2001 /1 ( BONN) ; Pichelswerder , near eastern bank, Oct. 2001, cultivated in Berlin July 2003, transition to var. holosericea, K. Weigend 2001 /5a (♀, BONN) ; Bleyen near Küstrin, banks of the River Oder , parking lot ca. 50 m from the water near Oder river , Oct. 2001, cultivated in Berlin July 2003, transition to var. sarmatica , M. & K. Weigend 5660-C (♀, BONN) ;— SWEDEN. Värmland: Nordmarken, between Lake Nedre Blomsjörn and Lake Lelang, next to old watermill, 59°16’38.17’’N, 11°57’49.73’’E, cultivated in Berlin July 2008, transition to var. holosericea, J. Schulz 02-C (♂ and ♀, BONN) .

Figures

FIGURE 1. Urtica dioica L. subsp. dioica var. dioica: (A: N. Dostert s.n., B–D: M. Weigend 9388), A. Habit with female inflorescences, B. Node with broadly ovate leaves with a cordate base and female inflorescences, leaf margin coarsely serrate, C. Adaxial leaf surface, D. Abaxial leaf surface; both sides densely covered with stinging hairs.