Oecetis marcus Queiroz, Quinteiro & Calor, 2023

Calor, Adolfo Ricardo, Pereira, Rafael, Queiroz, Larissa Laiane, Vilarino, Albane, Junior, Carlos Coracy Dultra de Azevedo, Queiroz, Amanda, Burgos-Miranda, Manoel Joaquim, Cavalcante-Silva, Amanda, Oliveira-Silva, Marcos Vinícius, Lucca, Giann, Quinteiro, Fabio Batagini, Dias, Everton Santos, Gomes, Victor de Andrade, França, Diogo, Costa, Anne Moreira, Desidério, Gleison Robson, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira, Dumas, Leandro Lourenço & Bispo, Pitágoras da Conceição, 2023, LEAq - Laboratório de Entomologia Aquática “ Prof. Claudio Gilberto Froehlich ” and the task of facing the biodiversity knowledge deficits on Caddisflies (Trichoptera), Bahia, Brazil, Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20230065) 67, pp. 2-33 : 15-18

Oecetis marcus Queiroz, Quinteiro & Calor , sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A2DFEE19-D856-4A05-884C-3AFAEBF4AB7E

( Figs. 13A, B , 14 A-E)

Diagnosis. This new species belongs to theOecetis falicia- group due to the presence of a dorsolateral process on segment IX and the tergum IX shorter than the sternum IX ( Quinteiro and Holzenthal, 2017; Quinteiro and Almeida, 2021). It differs from the others in the O. falicia- group due to its dorsoventrally divided dorsolateral process,with a discrete pointed projection on the dorsal margin,and the dorsal lobe with a rounded apex.

Additionally, the phallic apparatus presents a medial constriction on its basal third and a ventrally pointed projection right after.

Description. Adult male:Color (in alcohol):head and thorax yellowish brown. Legs, palps, and antennae yellowish brown. Tibial spur formula 0,2,2. Wings pale brown, dark spots on crossveins present; forewing with forks I and V present, rooted; hind wing with forks I and V present. Forewing length 6.09– 5.54 mm ( Fig.13A ).Hind wing length 4.80–5.10 mm ( Fig. 13B ). Male genitalia. Abdominal segment IX annular; in lateral view, anterolateral margin sinuous, convex, projected at apex;acrotergite absent; posterolateral margin slightly projected on dorsal and ventral regions, with dorsal setae; dorsolateral process elongate,forked, sclerotized, longer than tergum X, dorsal portion short, apex rounded, with small pointed projection on dorsal margin, ventral portion twice the length of dorsal portion,apex acute;Preanal appendages elongate,digitate,setose ( Fig.14A ). Tergum X divided in dorsal and ventral lobes; pair of mesal digitateprojections at base of dorsal lobe, short, stout dorsal lobe long, cylindrical, constricted on basal third, apex acute with two small apical setae, slightly longer than preanal appendages ( Fig.14B ); ventral lobe as long as dorsal lobe, broad basally, slightly tapering apically, truncate broad apex, with one small setae apically, posteriorly directed ( Fig. 14B ). Inferior appendage 1-segmented, broad basally, very setose ( Fig.14A ); dorsal lobe quadrangular, slightly projected ( Fig.14A ); distal lobe digitate, slightly expanded subapically, setose, apex rounded, in lateral view ( Fig. 14A ); ventral lobe quadrangular, with ventral margin strongly projected; in ventral view, basal portion quadrate, with spine-like setae at medial region ( Fig. 14C ). Phallic apparatus asymmetrical, phallobase sclerotized, endotheca membranous; in lateral view, tubular, strongly curved ventrally, phallobase slightly projected ventrally, medial region with sclerotized projection directed posteroventrally ( Fig. 14D ); in dorsal view, rounded basally, apex broad, quadrangular, with rounded tip ( Fig. 14E ).

Holotype male. BRAZIL: Bahia: Mucugê, Parque Municipal de Mucugê, Medonho Stream , 13°01’42.7”S, 41°22’03.2”W, el. 984m, 24.i.2018, UV Light Pan trap, T Duarte, S Barata, I Oliveira cols. ( MZUSP).

Paratypes. Same data as holotype, except Boiadeiro Stream , 12°59’46.5”S, 41°19’39.9”W el. 974 m, 01.x.2015, Malaise trap, AR Calor col., 1 male ( UFBA); same data, except E Dias & R Campos cols., 1 male ( UFBA); same data, except vii.2015, 11 males; same data, except 11.iv.2015, 9 males ( UFBA). Pernambuco: Gravatá, Fazendo do TAO, TAO Waterfall , 8°16’49.5”S, 35°34’31.3”W, 17-18.vii.2022, R Pereira, G Gomes & T Silva cols., 1 male ( UFBA)

Distribution ( Fig. 20A ). Brazil (BA, PE, Caatinga domain).

Remarks. Most of Oecetis species recorded in the Neotropics can be placed in one of six species group: avara-, punctata-, falicia-, inconspicua-, punctipennis-, andtestacea- group ( Quinteiro and Holzenthal,2017). Oecetis marcus sp. nov. belongs to theOecetis falicia-group and can be diagnosed by the presence of a dorsolateral processes on segment IX and the membranous tergum IX shorter than the sternum IX ( Quinteiro and Almeida, 2021). The digitate preanal appendages, elongated phallic apparatus, and the somewhat cylindrical distal portion of inferior appendages also seem to be recurrent additional morphological traits in the species group ( Quinteiro and Almeida, 2021).

The species that most closely resemble Oecetis marcus sp. nov. are Oecetis falicia Denning & Sykora, 1966 , for having a bifid dorsolateral process on segment IX; and Oecetis catagua Herinques-Oliveira, Rocha & Nessimian, 2019, due to the general shape of the inferior appendage. Although O. marcus sp. nov. and O. falicia have a divided dorsolateral process on segment IX, O. marcus sp. nov. has a small, flat projection on the dorsal margin of the process, while in O. falicia the margin is smooth, with no projections. Oecetis marcus sp. nov. presents quadrangular dorsal and ventral lobes, whereas in O. catagua the dorsal lobe is absent, and the ventral lobe is subquadrangular with a narrow, tapered upper portion. The tergum X of this new species has some resemblance with that in Oecetis hydrecoi Gibon, 2019 , especially due to the quadrate ventral portion, in lateral view. However, the dorsal portion in O. marcus sp. nov. has a distinct constriction in its basal third, which is absent in O. hydrecoi .

Etymology. The species name is a reference to Prof. Dr. Ernst Marcus (Universidade de São Paulo) for his significant contributions to Brazilian zoology and his influential role in Prof.Froehlich’s zoological studies. Noun in apposition.

Polycentropodidae Ulmer

Cernotina Ross, 1938

Figures

Figure 13 Oecetis marcus new species, wings. A, forewing; B, hind wing.

Figure 14 Oecetis marcus new species, male genitalia. A,lateral; B, dorsal; C,segment IX and inferior appendage,ventral; D, phallic apparatus,lateral; E, phallic apparatus dorsal. Abbreviation:app., appendage.

Figure 20 Distribution of the caddisfly species. A, new species, and records across the phytogeographic domains of Brazil; B, complete caddisfly record data in Bahia State; C, heatmap indicating the concentration of efforts.