Sloanea uniflora D.Sampaio & V.C.Souza, 2011

Sampaio, Daniela & Souza, Vinicius C., 2011, Three new species of Sloanea (Elaeocarpaceae), Phytotaxa 16, pp. 45-51 : 49-50

Sloanea uniflora D.Sampaio & V.C.Souza , sp. nov. ( Fig. 3 )

Affinis Sloanea garckeana sed inflorescentis uniflora et ovario trichomatibus brevibus ramosis differt.

Type: — BRAZIL. Mato Grosso: São Félix, beira do Rio das Mortes, 17 March 1997, Souza et al. 14379 (holotype ESA!, isotype SPSF!) .

Tree or shrub, 2–12 m high. Branchles sparsely pubescent to tomentose, scarcely glabrous, lenticellate, striate; apical bud tomentose, covered by many cataphylls; axillary buds tomentose. Leaves alternate to sub-opposite, concentrated at the apex of the branches; stipules 2.5–5 mm long, ca. 1 mm. wide, pubescent, lanceolate, persistent on young branches; petioles 1–3 cm long, pubescent to tomentose on the upper portion, scarcely glabrous, striate; leaf blade 5.5–16.3 cm long, 2.5–7.7 cm wide, sparsely pubescent on the abaxial surface, glabrous on the adaxial surface, elliptical to obovate, base cordate or obtuse, apex acute or acuminate, margin entire or undulate; venation brochidodromous or semi-craspedodromous only on upper portion of leaf blade, midrib prominent on abaxial surface, flat on adaxial surface, domatia absent. Inflorescences axillary, unifloral; peduncle 2–4.3 cm long, sparsely tomentose, glabrous or puberulent, striate; bracts early deciduous, not observed; bracteoles ca. 3 mm long, ca. 1 mm wide, puberulent, lanceolate, entire, early deciduous; pedicels 1–1.5 cm long, puberulent, striate. Flowers with 4 sepals, covering the reproductive organs in bud just before anthesis, 9–12 mm long, 5–7 mm wide, tomentose on both surfaces, ovate, entire, equal, uniseriate, apex acuminate, margin revolute and white-velutinous on inner surface; filaments 3–4 mm long, densely pubescent; anthers 2–4 mm long, pubescent, elliptical or lanceolate; connective prolonged into an aristate awn, 1–2 mm long, pubescent on the lower third, glabrous on the upper portion; ovary ca. 4 mm long, shortpubescent, oval, with branched trichomes, rare simple trichomes, sessile; style 3–4 mm long, twisted or straight, apex entire, pubescent on basal portion, glabrous on the apical portion; floral receptacle pubescent. Fruit with 4 (5) valves, 2–4 cm long, 1.5–2.5 cm wide, ellipsoid or orbicular, pubescent and externally covered by setulose bristles, 1–2 mm long. Seed 1, ca. 10 mm long, ca. 0.5 mm wide, elliptical, aril not observed.

Habitat:—Savanna and Amazonian forests.

Distribution:— Sloanea uniflora occurs in the Amazon rainforest of Bolivia and Brazil, in the states of Amazonas, Roraima, Par, Maranhão, and Tocantins, it also occurs in gallery forests, often at waterlogged sites or close to watercourses in the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Goiás.

Etymology:—From the Latin uniflora , meaning one flower, referring to the single-flowered inflorescences.

Observations:— Sloanea uniflora is a species similar to Sloanea garckeana Schumann (1886: 177) , but can be distinguished from it by its single-flowered inflorescences (triads in S. garck eana); shortpubescent indument, with branched trichomes on the ovary (velutinous in S. garckeana ), connective prolonged into a short aristate awn, 1–2 mm long (aristate, 2–4 mm long in S. garckeana ); leaf blades with a cordate base (acute or cuneate in S. garckeana ), and fruit densely covered by red, extremely stinging bristles, 1–2 mm long (brown bristles, not stinging, 3–5 mm long in S. garckeana ). Sloanea uniflora flowers from March to June, and fruits from May to September.

Paratypes: BOLIVIA. Santa Cruz: Prov. Velasco, Estación Flor de Oro, margem del Rio Itenez , fronteira com Rondônia, Peña 189 ( K, SCZ) ; Prov. Velasco , Reserva Ecológica el Refugio, empalme dos rios Tarbo e Paraguá, Guillén 1897 ( K, MO) ; Reserva Ecológica el Refugio , Guillén & Chore 3290 ( K, MO) ; Reserva Ecológica el Refugio , Guillén & Chore 2925 ( K, MO) ; Reserva Ecológica el Refugio , Guillén & Coria 1340 ( K, MO) ; Reserva Ecológica El Refugio , Guillén & Roca 3294 ( F) . BRAZIL. Amazonas: Rio Marupi , margens do Rio, projeto RADAM, quadricula NA –21– YA, Pena 375 ( IAN) ; Rio Utuxi, vicinity of Boca do Curuquete , Prance et al. 14149 ( K, NY) . Goiás: Alvorada, coletado às margens do rio Canabrava, vegetação Floresta de Galeria , Dambios 752 ( RB, HRB) ; Macaúba, Ilha do Bananal, Parque Nacional do Araguaia , Ratter et al. s.n. ( UB) ; Margem do Rio Araguaia , floresta aluvial, solo arenoso, Mileski 109 ( HRB) . Maranhão: Ilha de São Luiz , terra firme, Froes 11582 ( K, NY) . Mato Grosso: Barra do Garça, Serra do Roncador , 50 km da Base Camp, Eiten & Eiten 8925 ( UB, SP, P) ; Cocalinho, Rozza et al. 457 ( ESA) ; Garapu, 3 Km de Garapu, Serra do Roncador , margem do Rio Sete de Setembro , Prance & Silva s.n. ( UB) ; Gaúcha do Norte, margem alta do Rio Tuatuari , Andrade-Lima s.n. ( ESA, IPA, RB) ; Juruena, beira do Rio Juruena , floresta aluvial, Souza et al. 18607 ( ESA, MT) ; Porto dos Gaúchos, beira do Rio Arinos , floresta aluvial, Nave et al. 1875 ( ESA, MT) ; Posto indígena Cap. Vasconcelos, margem alta do Rio Tuatuari , Lima s.n. ( K) ; Região de Cocalinho , Árbocz et al. 4586 ( ESA) ; Rio Juruena, Mata de Igap, Silva & Maria 3352 ( INPA, K, MG, NY, RB) ; margem direita da Cachoeira Salto Augusto, Rosa & Santos 2026 ( IAN, INPA, MO, NY) ; Rio Xingu, Becker s.n. ( HRB) ; Sui Missu ferry, about 40 km NW of base camp, Harley et al. 10227 ( BHCB, CESJ, HFC, HUEFS, M, P, RB, UB) ; São Félix, Fazenda Patizal , swampy forest by old river course (Lagoa Morte), Richards 6503 ( K, UB) ; São Félix do Araguaia , beira do Rio das Mortes, Souza et al. 14379 ( CTES, ESA, MBM, MT, PORT, RB, SPSF) ; Serra do Roncador, banks of Rio Sete de Setembro, Prance & Silva 59255 ( K, NY) ; Sinop, estrada BR-163, junção do Rio Caiubi com Telles Pires, Nave et al. 1668 ( ESA, MT) ; Vila Bela da Santíssima Trindade, Rio Guapor , Hatschbach et al. 67019 ( MBM) ; Rio Guapor, Hatschbach et al. 67025 ( MBM) ; Xavantina, 290 Km N de Xavantina, próximo ao Rio Suiamiçu , Ratter & Castro s.n. ( P, UB) ; 1,5 Km W do Rio Suiamiçu, 290 Km N de Xavantina, Ratter et al. s.n. ( P, UB) . Mato Grosso do Sul: Rio Negro, Rio Anhuma , sub-região de Aquidauana, Pantanal, próximo ponte, Pott et al. 3624 ( CPAP) . Par: Conceição do Araguaia , beira do rio, terreno alagável, Fróes 29724 ( IAN) ; Maracan, Campo de Martius Pinheiro , Silva s.n. ( K, NY) ; Marap, dentro da água do Rio Marap , Rosa 73 ( IAN) ; Serra dos Carajás, near camp at Serra Norte , Daly et al. s.n. ( INPA, K, MG, NY) . Roraima: Alto Alegre, SEMA Ecological Reserve , Hopkins et al. 519 ( INPA, K, MG, NY, INPA, MG) ; Ilha de Marac, SEMA Ecological Reserve, Ratter & Milliken s.n. ( K) ; margem esquerda da BR 402 , Fazenda Surrão, Rosa & Cordeiro 1534 ( INPA, MBM, INPA) . Tocantins: Lagoa da Confusão , Fazenda Lago Verde, Leão et al. s.n. ( HRCB, HTINS) ; Peixe, Fazenda Agropecuária Água Branca , margem da mata de galeria, Santos & Rodrigues 918 ( HTINS, UB) ; Pium, Ilha do Bananal, Parque Nacional do Araguaia , próximo à ponta da Ilha, Fazenda Velha do Rio Mercês , solo arenoso, Silva et al. 4199 ( EAC, IBGE, K, NY, RB, UB, US).

Figures

FIGURE 3. Sloanea uniflora. A) Flowering branch (Souza et al. 14379); B) Branch with mature fruits (Santos & Rodrigues 918); C) Detail of ovary; D) Detail of the trichome that covers the ovary; E and F) Detail of stamen (Souza et al. 14379).