Parastenocaris, Kessler, 1913

Karanovic, Tomislav & Lee, Wonchoel, 2012, A new species of Parastenocaris from Korea, with a redescription of the closely related P. biwae from Japan (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Parastenocarididae), Journal of Species Research 1 (1), pp. 4-34 : 31

Key to species of the brevipes group of the genus Parastenocaris

Together with the newly described P. koreana , currently20 species can be recognized in the brevipes group, and a key to aid in their difficult determination is given below. It is adopted and augmented from Karanovic (2005a) and based solely on the morphology of males, since females of P. brincki , P. lanceolata and P. singhalensis are still unknown.

1. Caudal rami without unguiform process ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 2

- Caudal rami with posterior unguiform process ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙ P. muvattupuzha Ranga Reddy and Defaye, 2009

2. Third leg without endopod ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 15

- Third leg with endopod ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 3

3. Endopod of third leg reduced to single armature element ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 8

- Endopod of third leg small but distinct segment ∙∙∙ 4

4. Fourth leg endopod unarmed ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 5

- Endopod with bipinnate apical spiniform element ∙∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ P. jane Karanovic, 2006

5. Fifth leg without inner-distal process ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 6

- Fifth leg with long inner-distal process ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ P. sultej Ranga Reddy, 2011

6. Caudal rami shorter than anal somite, dorsal and lateral setae inserted at midlength ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 7

- Caudal rami longer than anal somite, dorsal and lateral setae inserted at 2/3 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ P. kimberleyensis Karanovic, 2005

7. Third leg exopod with minute outer spine ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ P. feuerborni Chappuis, 1931

- Outer spine much longer, reaching 2/3 of apophysis ∙ ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ P. gundlakamma Ranga Reddy, 2011

8. Fifth leg with inner-distal process ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 9

- Fifth leg without inner-distal process ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 10

9. Fifth leg armed with only two setae ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ P. brincki Enckell, 1970

- Fifth leg armed with four setae ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ P. palmerae Reid, 1991

10. Endopod of fourth leg two-segmented, with two apical spinules ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 11

- Endopod one-segmented, ornamented with more than two spinules ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 12

11. Third leg without outer spine on first exopodal segment ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ P. longipoda Shen and Tai, 1973

- This leg with well developed outer exopodal spine ∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ P. savita Ranga Reddy, 2001

12. First exopodal segment of third leg with large dentate process on inner margin ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ P. gayatri Ranga Reddy, 2001

- This segment with smooth inner margin ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 13

13. Endopod of third leg minute spiniform element ∙∙ 14

- Endopod of third leg slender seta ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ P. brevipes Kessler, 1913

14. Anal operculum convex; anal somite 1.6 times as long as caudal rami ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ P. biwae Miura, 1969

- Anal operculum deeply concave; anal somite 1.9 times as long as caudal rami ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ P. koreana sp. nov.

15. Anal operculum smooth ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 17

- Anal operculum with row of spinules ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 16

16. Endopod of fourth leg conical and smooth ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ P. oshimaensis Miura, 1962

- Endopod sickle-shaped, with one long spinule ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ P. hinumaensis Kikuchi, 1970

17. Fifth leg with inner-distal process ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ P. irenae Enckell, 1970

- Fifth leg without inner-distal process ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 18

18. Anal somite with two dorsal rows of spinules ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ P. noodti Enckell, 1970

- Anal somite without ornamentation ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 19

19. Endopod of fourth leg with four long spinules ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ P. singhalensis Enckell, 1970

- Endopod smooth, conical, sharply pointed ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ P. lanceolata Enckell, 1970