Norileca indica (H. Milne-Edwards, 1840)

Ravichandran, S., Vigneshwaran, P. & Rameshkumar, G., 2019, A taxonomic review of the fish parasitic isopod family Cymothoidae Leach, 1818 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cymothooidea) of India, Zootaxa 4622 (1), pp. 1-99 : 67

Norileca indica (H. Milne-Edwards, 1840)

( Fig. 13 g–i)

Livoneca indica Milne – Edwards, 1840: 262.— Bleeker, 1857: 21.— Gerstaecker, 1882: 261.— Schiöedte & Meinert, 1884: 362, pl 5 ( figs 3–6 ).— Richardson, 1910: 24.— Nierstrasz, 1915: 99.— Nierstrasz, 1931: 142.— Borcea, 1933: 482.—Beumer, Ashburner, Burbury, Jette & Latham, 1982: 33.

Livoneca ornata Helier, 1868: 145 , pl. 12 ( fig. 15 ).— Gerstaecker, 1882: 261.

Lironeca indica . Trilles, 1976: 77, pl. 2 (fig. 3).— Trilles, 1979: 266.— Avdeev, 1978b: 281.— Rokicki, 1982: 205, figs 1, 2.— Trilles, 1994: 178–179.

Norileca indica Bruce, 1990: 291–293 . figs 28, 29.— Bruce, Lew Ton & Poore, 2002: 181.— Kazmi, Schotte & Yousuf, 2002: 106, fig. 93.— Ghani, 2003: 219.— Yu & Li, 2003: 235–237, fig. 10.— Yamauchi, Ohtsuka & Nagasawa, 2005: 25–27.— Nagasawa & Petchsupa, 2009: 131–133.— Rameshkumar, Ravichandran, Sivasubramanian & Trilles, 2013d: 42, fig. 1j.— Argente, Narido, Palla & Celedonio, 2014: 3–8.— Neeraja, Tripathi & Shameem, 2014: 49–56.— Rameshkumar & Ravichandran, 2015: 33–36.—Rameshkumar, Ramesh, Ravichandran, Trilles & Subbiah, 2015: 712–715, figs 1, 3.— Aneesh, Helna & Sudha, 2016: 1270–1277, fig. 2a–c.— Behera, Ghosh, Pattnaik & Hanumantha Rao, 2016: 856–862, figs 1–5.—Jithin, Swapna, Kumar, Venu, Helna & Sudha, 2016: 47–53.—Cruz-Lacierda & Kazuya Nagasawa, 2017: 60–63, figs 1, 2.— Wal, Smit & Hadfield, 2017: 163–175, figs 1–4.

Joryma brachysoma . — Ravichandran, Rameshkumar, Mahesh Babu & Kumaravel, 2009: 80-84, figs 1, 2.

Joryma tartoor .— Ravichandran, Ajith Kumar, Ronald Ross & Muthulingam, 2007: 68–71, fig. 3.— Ravichandran, Rameshkumar & Balasubramanian, 2010a: 97–98, fig. 3.

Type and type locality. Holotype held at the Museum Nationale d ‘ Histoire Naturelle , Paris (MNHN-IU-2007- 4159). Milne-Edwards (1840) gave Sumatra Island, Indonesia as the type location.

Material examined. 9 ovig. females (24–27 mm), Mandapam, Southestern coast of India, 18 January 2016, from Rastrelliger kanagurta , coll. D. Karthick Rajan ( CAS / MBRM C- 212– C- 220), 1 ovig. female (26 mm), Parangipettai , Southestern coast of India, 28 January 2017, from Rastrelliger kanagurta , coll. S. Ravichandran ( ZSI / MBRC D1-549 ) , 2 non-ovig. females (23, 25 mm), Cochin, Southwestern coast of India, 14 April 2013, from Rastrelliger kanagurta , coll. G. Rameshkumar ( CAS / MBRM C-221 – C-223 ) .

Remarks. Wal et al. (2017) provide the detailed diagnosis and description of N. indica from South Africa. Norileca indica can be identified by the elongate body twisted to one side, cephalon as long as wide, posterior part not deeply immersed in pereonite 1, anterior margin subtruncate, slightly turned down. Pleonites as wide as pereon, pleotelson has a triangular shape, anteromedial surface vaulted.

Norileca indica attaches to the ventral part of the host branchial cavity, with the cephalon to the anterior end of the host, and with its abdomen or brood pouch directed outwards, facing the branchial cavity ( Bruce 1990; Neeraja et al. 2014; Rameshkumar et al. 2015; Behera et al. 2016).

Recently Wal et al. (2017) have made molecular documentation of N. indica from Selar crumenophthalmus Bloch, 1793 . N. indica closely resembles N. borealis Javed and Yasmeen, (1999) but the shorter coxae of pereonite 2, straight sided pleon, the armature of maxilla 2 and maxilliped, the morphology of mandible palp and the different pleotelson shape and the length of pleotelson, easily distinguish N. indica and N. borealis . This species can easily be distinguished from Norileca triangulata by the larger size, with its body twisted to the side, a straight sided pleon, as well as shorter uropods and shorter mandible palp article 3. Even though N. borealis and N. triangulata are more similar to each other than to N. indica , they can be distinguished from each other by body shape, ventral margin of the cephalon, as well as pleon and pleopod morphology.

Distribution. Record from Mozambique ( Rokicki 1982; Wal et al. 2017; Avdeev 1978b) lists the species from north-western Australia and off Sumatra, Indonesia, Philippines and New Guinea ( Trilles 1976) and northern Arabian Sea ( Kazmi et al. 2002). Recent records are from southeast and southwest coast of India ( Rameshkumar et al. 2013d, 2015; Behera et al. 2016; Aneesh et al. 2016).

Hosts. Norileca indica was collected from Selar crumenophthalmus, Herklotichthyes sp. ( Rokicki 1982; Cruz-Lacierda & Nagasawa 2017; Wal et al. 2017) Atule melan ( Avdeev 1978b) and Rastrelliger kanagurta ( Avdeev 1978b; Kazmi et al. 2002; Rameshkumar et al. 2013, 2015; Behera et al. 2016; Aneesh et al. 2016).

Figures

FIGURE 3. a–c, Mothocya collettei Bruce, 1986, female (25 mm), (CAS/MBRM C-149); d–f, Mothocya melanosticta (Schiöedte & Meinert, 1884), female (24 mm), (ZSI/MBRC D1-538); g–i, Mothocya plagulophora (Haller, 1880), female (28 mm), (ZSI/MBRC D1-539); j–l, Mothocya renardi (Bleeker, 1857), female (30 mm), (ZSI/MBRC D1-540); m–o, Nerocila arres Bowman & Tareen, 1983, female (28 mm), (CAS/MBRM 475–476); p–r, Nerocila depressa Milne Edwards, 1840, female (30 mm), (ZSI/MBRC D1-541).

FIGURE 4. Mothocya plagulophora (Haller, 1880), female (28 mm), (ZSI/MBRC D1-539). a, dorsal view; b, lateral view; c, mouthpart with antennula and antenna; d, antennula; e, antenna; f, mandible; g, maxillula; h, maxilliped; i, maxilla.

FIGURE 5. Mothocya plagulophora (Haller, 1880), a, male (13 mm) (CAS/MBRM C-167) dorsal view; b–m, female (28 mm), (ZSI/MBRC D1-539); b–f, pereopod 1, 2, 4, 6 & 7; g–k, pleopods 1–5; l, uropod; m, brood pouch.

FIGURE 6. Nerocila depressa Milne Edwards, 1840, female (30 mm), (ZSI/MBRC D1-541). a, dorsal view; b, lateral view; c, forns; d, antennula; e, antenna; f, mandible; g, maxillula; h, maxilla; i, maxilliped.

FIGURE 13. a–c, Nerocila sundaica Bleeker, 1857, female (24 mm), (ZSI/MBRC D1-547); d–f, Nerocila trichiura (Miers, 1877), female (30 mm), (ZSI/MBRC D1-548); g–i, Norileca indica (H. Milne Edwards, 1840), female (26 mm), (ZSI/MBRC D1-549); j–l, Norileca triangulata (Richardson, 1910), female (16 mm), (ZSI/MBRC D1-550); m–o, Ryukyua circularis (Pillai, 1954), female (13 mm), (CAS/MBRM C-227); p–r, Ryukyua globosa Williams & Bunkley-Williams, 1994, female (14 mm), (ZSI/MBRC D1-552).

FIGURE 15. Nerocila trichiura (Miers, 1877), female (30 mm), (ZSI/MBRC D1-548). a–f, pereopods 1–4, 6 & 7.