PARODONTIDAE Eigenmann, 1910

Toledo-Piza, Mônica, Baena, Eduardo G., Dagosta, Fernando C. P., Menezes, Naércio A., Ândrade, Marcelo, Benini, Ricardo C., Bertaco, Vinicius A., Birindelli, José Luís O., Boden, Gert, Buckup, Paulo A., Camelier, Priscila, Carvalho, Fernando R., Castro, Ricardo M. C., Chuctaya, Junior, Decru, Eva, Derijst, Eddy, Dillman, Casey B., Ferreira, Katiane M., Merxem, Dimitri G., Giovannetti, Victor, Hirschmann, Alice, Jégu, Michel, Jerep, Fernando C., Langeani, Francisco, Lima, Flávio C. T., Lucena, Carlos A. S., Lucena, Zilda Margarete S., Malabarba, Luiz R., Malabarba, Maria Cláudia S. L., Marinho, Manoela M. F., Mathubara, Kleber, Mattox, George M. T., Melo, Bruno F., Moelants, Tuur, Moreira, Cristiano R., Musschoot, Tobias, Netto-Ferreira, André L., Ota, Rafaela P., T. Oyakawa, Osvaldo, Pavanelli, Carla S., Reis, Roberto E., Santos, Osmar, Serra, Jane Piton, Silva, Gabriel S. C., Silva-Oliveira, Cárlison, Souza-Lima, Rosana, Vari, Richard P. & Zanata, Angela M., 2024, Checklist of the species of the Order Characiformes (Teleostei: Ostariophysi), Neotropical Ichthyology (e 230086) 22 (1), pp. 1-548 : 392-397

PARODONTIDAE Eigenmann, 1910

CS Pavanelli

Parodontinae Eigenmann, 1910:422. Type genus: Parodon Valenciennes, 1850 .

APAREIODON Eigenmann, 1916

Apareiodon Eigenmann, 1916b:71 . Type species: Parodon piracicabae Eigenmann, 1907 . Type by original designation. Gender: Masculine.

Apareiodon affinis (Steindachner, 1879)

Parodon affinis Steindachner, 1879d:32 . Type locality: La Plata-Strome (innerhalb der Provinz Buenos-Ayres). [ Argentina]. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown.

Parodon paraguayensis Eigenmann , in Eigenmann , Ogle, 1907:6. Type locality: Asuncion, Rio Paraguay. Holotype: CAS 6765.

Distribution: 332, 333, 343, 344, 345 (Pavanelli, 1999).

Apareiodon agmatos Taphorn, López-Fernández, Bernard, 2008

Apareiodon agmatos Taphorn, López-Fernández, Bernard, 2008:33 , figs. 1–2. Type locality: Guyana: Mazaruni River : sandy beach on right bank, downstream from village of Kamarang (5°56’10.1”N, 60°36’53.8”W). Holotype: CSBD F1650 .

Distribution: 310 (Taphorn et al., 2008).

Apareiodon argenteus Pavanelli, Britski, 2003

Apareiodon argenteus Pavanelli, Britski, 2003:341 , fig. 3. Type locality: Rio Tocantins, at Serra da Mesa , below the hydroelectric power dam; Minaçu; Goiás; Brazil. Holotype: MZUSP 52900 .

Distribution: 324 (Pavanelli, Britski, 2003).

Apareiodon cavalcante Pavanelli, Britski, 2003

Apareiodon cavalcante Pavanelli, Britski, 2003:344 , fig. 4. Type locality: Ribeirão do Padre , tributary on the right bank of the Rio Tocantinzinho; Cavalcante; Alto Tocantins; Brazil. Holotype: MNRJ 20093 .

Distribution: 324 (Pavanelli, Britski, 2003).

Apareiodon davisi Fowler, 1941

Apareiodon davisi Fowler, 1941b:167 , figs. 79–80. Type locality: Rio Jaguaribe , Russas, Ceará. [ Brazil]. Holotype: ANSP 69467 .

Distribution: 326 (Pavanelli, 1999).

Apareiodon gransabana Starnes, Schindler, 1993

Apareiodon gransabana Starnes, Schindler, 1993:756 , fig. 1. Type locality: Venezuela, Bolívar State, Gran Sabana, Río Tarotá, tributary to Río Aponguao , about 8 km S of Luepa, approximately 5°35’N, 61°25’W. Holotype: MBUCV-V-17000.

Distribution: 307, 308, 309, 310, 311 (Pavanelli, 1999).

Apareiodon hasemani Eigenmann, 1916

Apareiodon hasemani Eigenmann, 1916b:75 , Pl. 12. Type locality: Pirapora. [ Brazil]. Holotype: FMNH 57615.

Distribution: 327 (Pavanelli, 1999).

Apareiodon ibitiensis Amaral Campos, 1944

Apareiodon ibitiensis Amaral Campos, 1944a:173 , figure. Type locality: Rio Camanducaia , Monte Alegre, Estado de São Paulo. [ Brazil]. Holotype: MZUSP 3411 .

Apareiodon mogiguaçuensis Travassos, 1952b:313 , figs. 1–6. Type locality: Cachoeira do Espraiado , Rio Mogi-Guaçu, 1ª Cachoeira Grande depois de Soledade, Estado de Minas Gerais. [ Brazil]. Holotype: MNRJ 6240 . [ex MNI 6240 ].

Distribution: 327, 344 (Pavanelli, 1999).

Apareiodon itapicuruensis Eigenmann, Henn, 1916

Apareiodon itapicuruensis Eigenmann, Henn , in Eigenmann , 1916b:72, Pl. 11 (fig. 2). Type locality: Rio Paiaia, tributary of Rio Itapicurú. [ Brazil]. Holotype: FMNH 56988 .

Distribution: 328 (Pavanelli, 1999).

Apareiodon machrisi Travassos, 1957

Apareiodon machrisi Travassos, 1957b:147 , figs. 1–3. Type locality: Ribeirão Cristalino , Fazenda Oliver, Município de Amaro Leite, Goiás. [ Brazil]. Holotype: MNRJ 8932 . [ex MNI 8912 ].

Distribution: 324 (Pavanelli, 1999).

Apareiodon piracicabae (Eigenmann, 1907)

Parodon piracicabae Eigenmann , in Eigenmann , Ogle, 1907:6. Type locality: Piracicaba. [ Brazil]. Holotype: CAS 6763.

Distribution: 327, 344 (Pavanelli, 1999).

Apareiodon tigrinus Pavanelli, Britski, 2003

Apareiodon tigrinus Pavanelli, Britski, 2003:345 , fig. 5. Type locality: Córrego do Jacaré , close to the bridge; Santa Rita do Araguaia; Goiás; Brazil. Holotype: MZUSP 41430 .

Distribution: 324 (Pavanelli, Britski, 2003).

Apareiodon vittatus Garavello, 1977

Apareiodon vittatus Garavello, 1977:449 , fig. 1. Type locality: Rio Iguaçu , Bituruna, Estado do Paraná, Brasil. Holotype: MNRJ 10481 .

Distribution: 346 (Baumgartner et al., 2012).

Apareiodon vladii Pavanelli, 2006

Apareiodon vladii Pavanelli, 2006:90 , fig. 1. Type locality: Brazil, Paraná State, Nova Laranjeiras, Rio Piquiri, approximately 5 km from Paiquerê village , 25°01’40.9”S, 52°27’32.8”W, 455m altitude. Holotype: MZUSP 85250 .

Distribution: 344 (Pavanelli, 2006).

PARODON Valenciennes, 1850

Parodon Valenciennes , in Cuvier, Valenciennes, 1850:50. Type species: Parodon suborbitale Valenciennes, 1850 . Type by monotypy. Gender: Masculine.

Nematoparodon Fowler, 1943d:226 . Type species: Parodon apolinari Myers, 1930 . Type by original designation. Gender: Masculine. Additional comments: Originally proposed as a subgenus of Parodon .

Parodon alfonsoi Londoño-Burbano, Román-Valencia, Taphorn, 2011

Parodon alfonsoi Londoño-Burbano, Román-Valencia, Taphorn, 2011:710 , fig. 1. Type locality: Colombia, Cesar, Municipio La Jagua de Ibiricó, lower río Magdalena drainage, río Tucuy, tributary to the río Calenturitas , 9°37’N, 73°17’W, elevation 117 masl. Holotype: CIUA 1125 .

Distribution: 302 (Londoño-Burbano et al., 2011).

Parodon apolinari Myers, 1930

Parodon apolinari Myers, 1930:66 . Type locality: Guaicaramo , Río Guavio, Colombia. Holotype: SU 23725 .

Distribution: 307, 308 (Pavanelli, 1999).

Parodon atratoensis Londoño-Burbano, Román-Valencia, Taphorn, 2011

Parodon atratoensis Londoño-Burbano, Román-Valencia, Taphorn, 2011:715 , fig. 4. Type locality: Neguá , río Atrato drainage, upper río Neguá, 5°15’N, 76°49’W, Chocó, Colombia, elevation 146 meters. Holotype: ICN-MHN 17100. [(Mojica, Agudelo-Zamora (2018:26)].

Distribution: 301 (Londoño-Burbano et al., 2011).

Parodon bifasciatus Eigenmann, 1912

Parodon bifasciatus Eigenmann, 1912a:274 , Pl. 36 (fig. 1). Type locality: Maripicru Creek. [ Guyana]. Holotype: FMNH 53582.

Distribution: 301, 315 (Pavanelli, 1999).

Parodon buckleyi Boulenger, 1887

Parodon buckleyi Boulenger, 1887b:279 , Pl. 23 (fig. 1). Type locality: Canelos. [ Ecuador]. Holotype: BMNH 1880.12.5.125.

Distribution: 316, 318, 321 (Pavanelli, 1999).

Parodon caliensis Boulenger, 1895

Parodon caliensis Boulenger, 1895c:480 . Type locality: Cali River , near Cali, Colombia, 3200 feet. Lectotype: BMNH 1895.11 .16.83. [Designated by Londoño-Burbano, Román-Valencia (2010)]. Number available via the Natural History Museum, UK website, including a picture of the handwritten catalog book].

Parodon medellinense Posada, 1909:299 . Type locality: Medellín. [Colombia]. No types known.

Distribution: 302 (Pavanelli, 1999).

Parodon carrikeri Fowler, 1940

Parodon carrikeri Fowler, 1940b:47 , figs. 1–2. Type locality: Salta, Argentina. [see comments in Mirande, Koerber (2015a:11)]. Holotype: ANSP 68735 .

Parodon caudalis Fowler, 1940b:58 , figs. 14–15. Type locality: Villa Montes , Rio Pilcomayo, Bolivia. Holotype: ANSP 68837 .

Distribution: 342 (Pavanelli, 1999).

Remarks: Pavanelli (2003:48) formally placed Parodon caudalis Fowler, 1940 as synonym of Parodon carrikeri Fowler, 1940 , which constitutes a first revision.

Parodon guyanensis Géry, 1960

Parodon guyanensis Géry, 1960 g:481, figs. 1–2. Type locality: Guyane Française , Haute-Mana, crique Deux-Branches à la hauteur de Saut-Fini. [ French Guiana]. Holotype: Géry coll. H04-20 bis-1 [paratypes at ANSP, MCZ, MNHN, USNM and ZSM].

Distribution: 308, 310, 311 (Pavanelli, 1999).

Parodon hilarii Reinhardt, 1867

Parodon hilarii Reinhardt, 1867:62 , Pl. 2 (figs. 3–4). Type locality: Lille Aa en Fjerdingvei fra Byen Lagoa Santa. [ Brazil]. Holotype:? ZMUC 9223 . [ ZMUC 9223 cataloged as “Near Lagoa Santa” but with date 16 March 1871, which may refer to date of accession (vs. collection)].

Distribution: 327 (Pavanelli, 1999).

Parodon magdalenensis Londoño-Burbano, Román-Valencia, Taphorn, 2011

Parodon magdalenensis Londoño-Burbano, Román-Valencia, Taphorn, 2011:722 , fig. 8. Type locality: Colombia, Caldas, Norcasia, middle río Magdalena drainage, río La Miel at escape tunnel, río Magdalena, 5°34’N, 74°53’W, elevation 720 masl. Holotype: ICN-MHN 17099. [(Mojica, Agudelo-Zamora (2018:26)].

Distribution: 302 (Londoño-Burbano et al., 2011).

Parodon moreirai Ingenito, Buckup, 2005

Parodon moreirai Ingenito, Buckup, 2005:766 , fig. 1. Type locality: Brazil, Estado de Minas Gerais, Município de Delfim Moreira, Ribeirão do Salto, at Salto near wooden bridge, 45°20’47”W, 22°26’55”S. Holotype: MNRJ 23583 [ex. MNRJ 22557 ].

Distribution: 344 (Ingenito, Buckup, 2005).

Parodon nasus Kner, 1859

Parodon nasus Kner, 1859:167 [31], Pl. 8 (fig.17). Type locality: Cujabaflusse. [ Brazil]. Syntypes: NMW 56545 (2).

Parodon tortuosus Eigenmann, Norris, 1900:356 . Type locality: Rio Tieté. [ Brazil]. Holotype: CAS 6762.

Parodon gestri Boulenger, 1902a:285 . Type locality: Rio Coxipo , Matto Grosso. [ Brazil]. Holotype: MSNG 14863 .

Apareiodon pirassunungae Amaral Campos, 1945a:442 , fig. 8. Type locality: Rio Mogi Guaçu , Pirassununga, Cachoeira. [ Brazil]. Holotype: MZUSP 3469 .

Distribution: 344, 344, 345 (Pavanelli, 1999).

Parodon orinocensis (Bonilla, Machado-Allison, Silvera, Chernoff, López, Lasso, 1999)

Apareiodon orinocensis Bonilla, Machado-Allison, Silvera, Chernoff, López, Lasso, 1999:2 , figs. 1–2. Type locality: Raudal Dimoshi , Río Tabaro, BO. [ Venezuela]. Holotype: MBUCV-V-29170.

Distribution: 307, 308, 309 (Bonilla et al., 1999).

Remarks: New combination proposed by Ingenito et al. (2012).

Parodon pongoensis (Allen, 1942)

Apareiodon pongoense Allen , in Eigenmann , Allen , 1942:286, Pl. 14 (fig. 7). Type locality: Forest brook, foothills at Pongo de Manseriche. [ Peru]. Holotype: CAS 6757.

Apareiodon caquetae Fowler, 1945c:106 , fig. 6. Type locality: Morelia, Rio Caquetá drainage, Colombia. Holotype: ANSP 71696 (with paratypes).

Distribution: 313, 316, 322, 324 (Pavanelli, 1999).

Parodon suborbitalis Valenciennes, 1850

Parodon suborbitale Valenciennes , in Cuvier, Valenciennes, 1850:51, Pl. 637. Type locality: Rivières de Maracaïbo. [ Venezuela]. Lectotype: MNHN 0000-1807. [Designated by Londoño-Burbano et al. (2011:725)].

Distribution: 303 (Londoño-Burbano et al., 2011).

SACCODON Kner, 1863

Saccodon Kner, 1863:225 . Type species: Saccodon wagneri Kner, 1863 . Type by monotypy. Gender: Masculine.

Parodontops Schultz, Miles, 1943:251 . Type species: Parodon ecuadoriensis Eigenmann, Henn, 1914 . Type by original designation. Gender: Masculine.

Saccodon dariensis (Meek, Hildebrand, 1913)

Parodon dariensis Meek, Hildebrand, 1913:83 . Type locality: Rio Cupe , Cituro, Panama. Holotype: FMNH 7587 .

Apareiodon compressus Breder, 1925:4 , figs. 3, 4B. Type locality: Rio Turquesa , Darien, Panama. Holotype: AMNH 8408 .

Saccodon caucae Schultz, Miles, 1943:252 , figs. 1–2. Type locality: Upper Río Cauca north of Cali , Colombia. Holotype: USNM 121285 .

Apareiodon brevipinnis Dahl, 1971:117 , unnumbered figure. Type locality: Río Verde, afluente del Río Sinú. [Colombia]. Holotype: whereabouts unknown.

Distribution: 301, 302 (also in Panama) (Pavanelli, Starnes, 2015).

Saccodon terminalis (Eigenmann, Henn, 1914)

Parodon terminalis Eigenmann , in Eigenmann , Henn , Wilson, 1914:12. Type locality: Vinces, river and forest pools. [ Ecuador]. Holotype: FMNH 56599 .

Distribution: 301 (Pavanelli, Starnes, 2015).

Saccodon wagneri Kner, 1863

Sacc. Wagneri Kner, 1863:225 , “fig. 10” (unpublished). Type locality: Aus dem Staate Ecuador. Holotype: ZSM 210 [old collection] destroyed in WWII. [Apparently destroyed in Munich in WWII (Neumann, 2006:277–278)].

Saccodon cranocephalum Thominot, 1882:248 [1], Unnumbered pl. Type locality: Rio Guayaquil. [ Ecuador]. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-2503 (3, now 1), B-2996 (1); USNM 150431 (1).

Parodon ecuadoriensis Eigenmann, Henn , in Eigenmann , Henn , Wilson , 1914:12. Type locality: River and forest pools, Vinces, Ecuador. Holotype: FMNH 56597 .

Distribution: 301 (Pavanelli, Starnes, 2015).