Sivaloka arcuata Chang & Chen, 2020

Chang, Zhi-Min, Yang, Lin & Chen, Xiang-Sheng, 2020, First records of the genera Sivaloka Distant, 1906, with two new species from China, and description of a new species of genus Kodaianella Fennah, 1956 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Issidae), ZooKeys 917, pp. 85-104 : 85

Sivaloka arcuata Chang & Chen sp. nov. Figs 29-35 , 36-43

Type material.

Holotype: ♂, China: Guizhou, Anlong County, Xianheping Provincial Nature Reserve (22°59'N, 105°43'E), 28 Aug. 2012, W-B Zheng leg.; paratypes: ♂, same data as holotype (IEGU); ♂, Guizhou, Congjiang County, Moon Hill (Height 1159 m) (25°38'N, 108°13'E), 19 July 2006, Q-Z Song leg.

Diagnosis.

This species is identified by the dark-brown or yellow-brown frons, without any bands (Fig. 33 ); the clypeus without median carina, with its basal part swollen and its apical part sunken (Fig. 33 ); the forewings longer 2.0 times than their width (Figs 30 , 35 ); the dorsal margin of the genital styles bearing one arched prominence near the middle (Fig. 40 ); the phallobase with the dorsal lobe bearing a relatively long, hooked process near its apical part (Fig. 42a ) and with a triangular process on the ventral margin (Fig. 42b ); and the aedeagus near its middle in lateral view with one hooked process, which is directed to caudad (Fig. 42e ).

Description.

Body length (from apex of vertex to tip of forewings): male 5.40-5.50 mm; forewings: male 4.40-4.50 mm.

Coloration.

General color yellow-brown or pale yellow (Figs 29 , 30 , 34 , 35 ). Vertex, pronotum, and mesonotum (Fig. 31 ) dark-brown, suffused with rusty brown. Gena (Fig. 32 ) dark brown, with two inconspicuous yellow bands. Compound eyes brown to black, ocelli yellow (Fig. 32 ). Frons (Fig. 33 ) dark brown or yellow-brown, with yellow verrucae near lateral margin. Clypeus (Fig. 33 ) with basal part black, apical part yellow to yellow-brown. Forewings (Figs 29 , 34 ) dark brown or pale yellow, with diffuse rusty brown. Hindwings brown. Legs yellow-brown, tip of spineson hind tibiae and tarsi black.

Head and thorax.

Head (Fig. 31 ) including eyes, slightly narrower than pronotum (0.93: 1.00). Vertex (Fig. 31 ) shorter in middle than width at base (0.50: 1.00). Frons (Fig. 33 ) shorter in middle than maximum breadth (0.65: 1.00); with median carina distinct, reaching to the level of middle of frons. Clypeus (Fig. 33 ) triangular, without median carina; basal part swollen, apical part slightly sunken (Fig. 33 ). Pronotum (Fig. 31 ) with median carina feeble. Mesonotum (Fig. 31 ) with median carina raised, fused in anterior margin. Forewings (Fig. 36 ) longer than wide (2.00: 1.00); with broad "hypocostal plate", ScP and RP convergent near base, short common stem, ScP and RP veins long, parallel with anterior margin of forewing, reaching to apical margin; MP two branched in basal 1/3, MP1 dividing two branches in distal 1/3, MP2 not forked in distal part; CuA forked into two branches in distal 1/3, CuP present; Pcu and A1 united in middle of clavus, clavus almost reaching to 2/3 of forewing. Hindwings (Fig. 37 ) with ScP+R and CuA forked near apical part, MP simple, not forked, CuA2 and CuP fused near apical part, with one vein between R and M, M and CuA1; Pcu and A11 unbranched, with one transverse vein between Pcu+A11 and A12; A2 reaching to apical 1/3 of A2 lobe. Spinal formula of hind leg (2)8-10/8-10/2.

Male genitalia.

Anal tube in dorsal view (Fig. 39 ) longer in middle than the widest breadth (2.50: 1.00), the maximum width in middle of anal tube; apical margin distinctly, angularly concave; lateral margins almost parallel, slightly concave near apical 2/3 of anal tube. Anal style (Fig. 39 ) relatively long and stout, located in basal 2/5 of anal tube, not surpassing the opening of anal pore. Pygofer (Fig. 38 ) irregularly rectangular; anterior and posterior margins nearly parallel in lateral view; dorsal and ventral margins parallel. Genital styles (Fig. 40 ) irregularly triangular in lateral view; dorsal and ventral margins not parallel; dorsal margin with one arched prominence near middle at base of capitulum; ventral margin slightly arched. Capitulum of genital styles irregularly triangular, with small lobe; with stout and not obvious neck (Fig. 41 ). Phallobase (Figs 42 , 43 ) with dorsal lobe slightly expanded into membranous, cystiform process; and dorso-lateral lobe splitting into relatively long, hooked process near apical part (Figs 42a , 43a ), ventral margin of dorso-lateral lobe with angular process in basal 1/3 in lateral view (Fig. 42b ); lateral lobe distinctly shorter than dorsal lobe in lateral view (Fig. 42c ), splitting into two stout branches (Fig. 43c ); ventral lobe relatively longer than lateral lobe in lateral view (Fig. 42d ) in lateral view; in ventral view, apical part obviously archedly convex (Fig. 43d ); lateral margins parallel in ventral view. Aedeagus (Figs 42 , 43 ) with one long, hooked process near middle (Fig. 42e ) in lateral view, directed to caudad.

Etymology.

The specific name is derived from the Latin words " arcuata " in reference to the genital styles which bear an arched prominence on the base before the capitulum.

Host plant.

Unknown.

Distribution.

China (Guizhou).

Remarks.

The new species is similar to S. limacodes Distant, 1906, but it differs from it by: 1) frons dark brown or yellow-brown, without any band (Fig. 33 ) (frons with pale and transverse line near middle in S. limacodes ); 2) clypeus without median carina, basal part swollen, apical part sunken (Fig. 33 ) (clypeus with stout median carina, relatively flat in S. limacodes ); 3) forewings 2.00 times longer than their maximum breadth (Fig. 36 ) (forewings 1.40 times longer than their maximum breadth in S. limacodes ).

Figures

Figures 29 - 35. Sivaloka arcuata Chang & Chen, sp. nov. 29 - 33 holotype 34 - 35 paratype 29, 34 habitus, dorsal view 30, 35 habitus, lateral view 31 head and thorax, dorsal view 32 head and thorax, lateral view 33 head and thorax, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: ks = Pcu and A 1 keel-shaped; pl = hypocostal plate.

Figures 36 - 43. Sivaloka arcuata Chang & Chen, sp. nov. 36 forewing 37 hindwing 38 male genitalia, lateral view 39 male anal segment, dorsal view 40 genital styles, lateral view 41 capitulum of genital styles, ventral view 42 phallobase and aedeagus, lateral view 43 phallobase and aedeagus, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: ap = arched prominence; a = long hooked process; b = angular process; c = lateral lobe, d = ventral lobe; e = hooked process.