Beardius urupeatan Pinho, Mendes et Andersen

Pinho, Luiz Carlos, Mendes, Humberto Fonseca & Andersen, Trond, 2013, Revision of Beardius Reiss et Sublette, 1985 (Diptera: Chironomidae), with the description of twenty new species, Zootaxa 3742 (1), pp. 1-78 : 66-73

Beardius urupeatan Pinho, Mendes et Andersen

( Figs 132–143 )

Beardius urupeatan Pinho, Mendes et Andersen, 2009: 261 .

Material examined. Type material, as in Pinho et al. (2009). Additional material: BRAZIL, Amazonas State : Rio Cuieiras , 1 pupa, 24.iv.1961, Brundin-net, A 168, E.J. Fittkau. Rio Tonantins , 2 pupae, 30.viii.1961, Brundin-net, A 246, E.J. Fittkau. Rio Tonantins , Vila Nova, 1 pupa, 29–30.viii.1961, Brundin-net, A 244, E.J. Fittkau. Uatumã Biological Reserve , Acampamento Cachoeira, 1 male, 31.i–02.ii.2008, light trap, N. Hamada et al. Rio Marauiá , Missão Santo Antônio, 2 males, 22.i.1963, light trap, A484, E.J. Fittkau. Rio Branquinho , 1 male, 21.iv.1961, light trap, A164, E.J. Fittkau. Rio Cuieiras, na foz do Rio Branquinho, 1 male, 20.xii.1961, light trap, A307, E.J. Fittkau .

Maranhão State: Aldeia Escalvado , S6° W45°, 2 pupae, 08.iv.1991, E.J. Fittkau . Mato Grosso State: Nova Xavantina, Fazenda Senhor Queté, Córrego Voadeira , S14°32'11" W52°30'54", 1 male, 16.x.2007, light trap, L.C. Pinho et al . Pará State: Rurópolis, Rio Tambor, 2 males, 29.x.2007, Pennsylvania-trap, N. Hamada et al. Rio Parú do Oeste , Malloca Apicó , 400 m a.s.l., 7 males, 20.iv.1962, light trap, A366–1, E.J. Fittkau. Serra Tumucumaque, Igarapé Okueima, Acampamento II, 6 males, 18.iv.1962, light trap, A371–1, E.J. Fittkau. Igarapé Kumadueni, 2 males, 19.iv.1962, light trap, A377, E.J. Fittkau. Rio Paru , Missão Tiriyos, 1 male, 21.iv.1962, light trap, A361–10, E.J. Fittkau. Missão Cururu, 1 male, 19.i.1961, light trap, A88–1, E.J. Fittkau . Santa Catarina State: Florianópolis, Afluente Rio Ratones , S27°30'66'' W48°29'22'', 1 male with larva and pupa, 1 female with larva and pupa, 3 larvae, 12.vii.2008, in wood, L.C. Pinho; as previous except 11 larvas, 28.vi.2006 . São Paulo State: Salesópolis , Boraceia Biological Station, Córrego Venerando, 2 males, 09.xii.2005, light trap, C.G. Froehlich et al.; as previous except 1 male, 12.xii.2001 .

Diagnostic characters. The species belongs in the truncatus group. The male can be separated from all other members of the genus by the combination of the following characters: acrostichals and anal point lacking; and inferior volsella with large, transverse basal projection. The female by: acrostichals present; clypeus with about 10 setae; and gonocoxite IX with setae. The pupa by: shagreen on tergite II stronger orally; tergites VII and VIII without shagreen; conjunctive I/II and paratergite VI bare; and paratergite VIII with long, curved spines. The larva by: antenna with 5 segments; pecten mandibularis absent or indistinct; and mentum with median tooth about 1/2 the length of first lateral tooth.

Description

Male. The male was described in detail by Pinho et al. (2009).

Female (n = 1–2). Total length 2.34 mm. Wing length 0.98–1.19 mm. Total length / wing length 1.97. Wing length / length of profemur 2.02–2.10.

Coloration. Head, thorax and abdomen pale. Legs pale.

Head. AR 0.35, ultimate flagellomere 114 µm long. Temporals 8, not well separated in inner and outer verticals and postorbitals. Clypeus with 12 setae. Tentorium 147 µm long, 20 µm wide. Stipes 116 µm long. Palpomere lengths (in µm): 33, 35, 86, 121, 197. Third palpomere with 2–3 sensillae subapically, longest 13–15 µm long.

Thorax ( Fig. 133 ). Scutal tubercle absent. Dorsocentrals 7–8, 1–2 of them close to antepronotum; acrostichals 2–3; prealars 2. Scutellum with 4–6 setae.

Wing ( Fig. 132 ). VR 1.44–1.47. R with 8–9 setae, R 1 with 4–8 setae, R 4+5 with 17–19 setae. Brachiolum with 2 setae. Remaining veins bare.

Legs. Spur of fore tibia (including scale) 54 µm long, spur of mid tibia (including comb) 48–59 µm long, spur of hind tibia (including comb) 54 µm long. Width at apex of fore tibia 54 µm, of mid tibia 37–48 µm, of hind tibia 54 µm. Lengths and proportions of legs as in Table 23.

Genitalia ( Figs 134–135 ). Tergite IX with 20 setae. Cercus 61 µm long, 46 µm wide. Notum 119 µm long. Gonocoxite IX with 2 setae. Seminal capsule 40 µm long, excluding 10 µm long neck.

Pupa (n = 7–9, except when otherwise stated). Total length 2.20–3.18, 2.82 mm.

Coloration. Cephalothorax and abdomen light brown.

Cephalothorax ( Fig. 138 ). Frontal aptome conical ( Fig. 136 ), frontal setae 14–24, 19 (6) µm long. Thorax with fine dorsal granulation. Thoracic horn with 5–6 branches; anterior branch stout, with spinule in apical 1/3 ( Fig. 137 ). Distance between Dc1 and Dc2 6–18, 12 µm; between Dc2 and Dc3 126–193, 165 µm; between Dc3 and Dc4 8–14, 12 µm. Precorneal 1, antepronotals and prealars absent.

Abdomen ( Fig. 140 ). Tergites I, VII and VIII without shagreen. Tergites II–V with anterior transverse band of shagreen a little stronger than posterior contiguous shagreen. Tergite VI with anterior transverse band of shagreen only. Row of hooklets on tergite II about 2/3 of tergite width. Conjunctive IV/V with single patch of spinules. Paratergite V with few spinules, restricted to posterior margin. Pedes spurii A and pedes spurii B present. Segment I without L-seta; segments II–IV with 3 L setae; segment V with 3 taeniate L setae; segments VI–VIII with 4 taeniate L setae. Segment VIII with 2–3, 2 long, curved lateral spines, spur simple ( Fig. 139 ). Anal lobe 91–122, 108 (6) µm long, with 8–15, 11 taeniate setae.

Larva (n = 4–7, except when otherwise stated). Total length 3.92–3.98 (2) mm. Head capsule 325–335, 329 µm long.

Head dorsum ( Fig. 143 ). Frontoclypeal apotome and labral sclerite 2 present. Frontoclypeal apotome with anterior granulation, extending to S4.

Antenna. With 5 segments. AR 0.81–1.03, 0.91. Length of segments (in µm): 38–51, 46; 19–21, 20; 13–15, 14; 8–10, 9; 3–5, 4. Blade 56–83, 73 µm long, about 1,5 times longer than flagellum. Lauterborn organs 13–14, 13 µm long, alternating on segments 2 and 3.

Labrum. With 3 plates, mid with 3 teeth, laterals with 4 teeth each. Premandible 75–78, 76 µm long.

Mentum ( Fig. 141 ). Pale median tooth about 1/2 length of first lateral tooth. Ventromental plate 71–81, 76 µm wide, distance between plates 10–15, 13 µm. Postmentum 154–167, 159 µm long; with granulose area between ventromental plates.

Mandible ( Fig. 142 ) 119–144, 132 µm long. Seta subdentalis 25–35, 30 µm long. Seta interna with 3 major branches. Pecten mandibularis indistinct or absent. Mola without spines. Outer margin granulose.

Abdomen. Procercus about 25 µm long, with 8 anal setae, longest about 405 µm long. Seta supraanalis about 340 µm long. Posterior prolegs about 65 µm long.

Remarks. The structure considered to be the “median volsella” by Pinho et al. (2009) must be regarded as a basal projection of inferior volsella. Median volsella is often absent, when present, it is a wart-like tubercle at the base of the projection of inferior volsella.

Biology. Larvae were collected in submerged, strongly decomposed wood in a low order stream near Florianópolis on the island of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina State.

Distribution. The species is collected in the Amazonas, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Pará, São Paulo, and Santa Catarina states in Brazil.

Figures

FIGURES 132–135. Beardius urupeatan Pinho, Mendes et Andersen, female. 132—wing; 133—thorax; 134—genitalia, ventral view; 135—tergite IX.

FIGURES 136–140. Beardius urupeatan Pinho, Mendes et Andersen, pupa. 136—frontal apotome; 137—thoracic horn; 138— thorax; 139—paratergite VIII; 140—abdominal segments I–IX and anal lobe, dorsal view.

FIGURES 141–143. Beardius urupeatan Pinho, Mendes et Andersen, larva. 141—mentum and ventromental plates; 142— mandible; 143—dorsal sclerites of head capsule.