Planiliza macrolepis (Smith, 1846)

Çiçek, Erdoğan, Jawad, Laith, Eagderi, Soheil, Esmaeili, Hamid Reza, Mouludi-Saleh, Atta, Sungur, Sevil & Fricke, Ronald, 2023, Freshwater fishes of Iraq: a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023, Zootaxa 5357 (1), pp. 1-49 : 32-33

Planiliza macrolepis (Smith, 1846) [N]—Largescale mullet

Taxonomy. Original description: Mugil macrolepis Smith, 1846 : no pagination, Pl. 28 (fig. 2) [Rivers and freshwater lakes, South Africa; holotype (unique): BMNH 1859.5.7.56 (dry)].— Iraq synonyms: Liza macrolepis (Smith, 1846) ; Chelon macrolepis (Smith, 1846) .—Revisions:Thomson (1997:524) as Liza macrolepis .—Illustration: Harrison & Senou (1999: 2088, fig.) as Liza macrolepis ; Esmaeili et al. (2022b: 486, fig. 42).

Status in Iraq. First record from Iraq by Al-Hassan & Hussain (1985).—Iraq materials: None.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Iraq: Shatt al-Arab River.—General distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal ( South Africa), East Africa, Persian Gulf, Socotra ( Yemen), Seychelles, Madagascar, and eastern Mascarenes (Rodrigues) east to Tuamotu Archipelago and Marquesas Islands ( French Polynesia), north to southern Korea and Osumi Islands (southern Japan), south to New Caledonia, Aitutaki ( Cook Islands) and Austral Islands ( French Polynesia).—Habitat: This species occurs in shallow coastal waters and in brackish and freshwater regions of rivers. Freshwater, brackish, marine.

Economic importance. Commercially important.

Conservation. Conservation status in Iraq: Unknown.—IUCN: LC (IUCN 2023).—Threats: There are no known major threats to this species.—Low sensitivity to human activities.—Not considered a keystone species.— Decline status: Stable.—Low priority for conservation action.