Capoeta umbla ( Heckel, 1843 )

Çiçek, Erdoğan, Jawad, Laith, Eagderi, Soheil, Esmaeili, Hamid Reza, Mouludi-Saleh, Atta, Sungur, Sevil & Fricke, Ronald, 2023, Freshwater fishes of Iraq: a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023, Zootaxa 5357 (1), pp. 1-49 : 15-16

Capoeta umbla ( Heckel, 1843) [N]—Tigris scraper

Taxonomy. Original description: Scaphiodon umbla Heckel, 1843: 1060 [70] [Tigris River, Mosul, Iraq; syntypes: NMW 55932-33 (1, 1), 79373-74 (1, 1, both dry); SMF 6777 [ex NMW in 1844] (1, dry)].— Iraq synonyms: None.—Revisions: Esmaeili et al. (2016:36); Zareian & Esmaeili (2017, molecular phylogeny).—Illustration: Heckel (1843: pl. 5 (fig. 3)) as Scaphiodon umbla ; Esmaeili et al. (2016: 37, figs. 1–3).

Status in Iraq. Recorded from Iraq in original description by Heckel (1843); subsequently reported by Agha et al. (2023).—Iraq materials: NMW, SMF.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Iraq: Tigris River.—General distribution: Middle East: Euphrates and Tigris river basins ( Iran, Iraq, and Turkey).—Habitat: This species inhabits a wide range of waterbodies from small headwater streams down to large lowland rivers, marshes, lakes and reservoirs. Freshwater.

Economic importance. Locally consumed, but of no commercial importance.

Conservation. Conservation Status in Iraq: Unknown.—IUCN: LC (IUCN 2023).—Threats: There are many threats in the area, but none seems to be strong enough to threaten this ubiquitous species.—Low sensitivity to human activities.—Not considered as a keystone species.—Decline status: Stable.—Low priority for conservation action.