Campylocera Macquart, 1843

Korneyev, V. A., 2016, New Taxa And Synonymy In The Family Pyrgotidae (Diptera Tephritoidea) Ii Subtribe Adapsiliina And Afrotropical Campylocera, Vestnik Zoologii 50 (3), pp. 195-218 : 197-199

Genus Campylocera Macquart, 1843

Type species: Campylocera ferruginea Macquart, 1843 (by original designation).

Synonyms

Clemaxia Enderlein, 1942

Type species: Clemaxia angustipalpis Enderlein, 1942 (by original designation). Synonymised by Aczél (1958).

Congopyrgota Aczél, 1958 , syn. n.

Type species: Congopyrgota hyalipennis Aczél, 1958 (by original designation).

Diasteneura Hendel, 1908 , syn. n.

Type species: Diasteneura laticeps Hendel, 1908 (by monotypy).

Dicrostira Enderlein, 1942 .

Type species: Dicrostira partitigena Enderlein, 1942 (by original designation).

Hexamerinx Enderlein, 1942.

Type species: Campylocera latigenis Hendel, 1914 (by original designation).

Hypotyphla Loew, 1873 , syn. n.

Type species: Hypotyphla loewi Hendel, 1908 (by subsequent designation of Hendel, 1908).

Hypotyphlina Enderlein, 1942 .

Type species: Hypotyphla caudata Hendel, 1914 (by original designation).

Lygiohypotyphla Enderlein, 1942 .

Type species: Prohypotyphla nigripennis Hendel, 1934 (by original designation).

Prohypotyphla Hendel, 1934 , syn. n.

Type species: Prohypotyphla scalaris Hendel, 1934 (by original designation).

D i a g n o s i s. A genus of about 50 nominal species described mainly from the continental Afrotropical Region, with about 5 species known from the Oriental Region, Papuan Subregion and Northern Australia. Th ey possess an incomplete costa not reaching apex of medial vein ( fig. 1 , 2 , arrow) (synapomorphy), a low epistome, the subocular sclerite well expressed (but narrow in species with very low gena), the femoral organ on mid femur always lacking, and male cerci flattened dorsoventrally, large, slightly longer and wider than epandrium (synapomorphy).

The species we place in this genus all possess at least two mentioned synapomorphies and are believed to belong in a monophyletic clade within Adapsilini. Th ey form several groups of species, differing mainly by the shape of antenna, surstylus, oviscape, and aculeus, number of the ocellar setae, presence or absence of the lateral vertical setae, ocellar triangle, stump vein, wing pattern, and modified setae on mid and hind coxae. Th ese characters conspicuously overlap and give no possibility to split Campylocera into distinct genera. I consider them all to be of species-group rank instead and all the names of nominal genera to be synonyms. Here, I preliminarily place the considered species to two artificial groupings: a) with 1–4 pairs of additional ocellar setae (“ Campylocera complex”) and b with 1 pair of ocellar setae and no extra ocellars (“ Hypotyphla complex”). Forthcoming taxonomic revision and phylogenetic analysis (Korneyev, in preparation) may clarify their relationships and give a key to Campylocera .

Descriptions of pyrgotid species were traditionally largely based on external characters, which give very few sound characters, so detailed studies of the terminalia need to be conducted. Many nominal species can only be distinguished either from females or (rarely) from males alone. Due to sexual dimorphism in head shape and wing pattern, in many cases different sexes cannot be reliably shown to be conspecific. No comprehensive key to species has been published and the genus requires thorough taxonomical revision. The biology and immature stages of Afrotropical species remain unknown.

In this paper, I only consider the type species of the nominal genera, with their synonymy, based on the study of type specimens and additional material, as listed below. A complete taxonomic revision and a key to species are still pending (Korneyev, in preparation).

Figures

Fig. 1. Campylocera ferruginea, holotype (MHNP): 1 — habitus, lateral view; 2 — wing; 3 — head, left (arrow indicates enlarged setae); 4 — head, anterior view; 5 — mesonotum, dorsal view; 6 — labels.

Fig. 2. Campylocera ferruginea: holotype ♀ of Campylocera omissa (NHMW): 1 — habitus, lateral view; 2 — head, left (arrow indicates enlarged setae); 3 — head, anterior view; 4 —wing; 5 — mesonotum, dorsal view; 6 — fore leg, posterior view (arrow indicates long setae); 7 — mid leg, anterior; 8 — hind leg, anterior view; 9–10 — oviscape, dorsal and left view; 11 — labels.