Scopula luridata (Zeller, 1847)

Wanke, Dominic, Hausmann, Axel, Lee, Kyung Min, Murillo-Ramos, Leidys, Sihvonen, Pasi & Rajaei, Hossein, 2023, Systematics and integrative taxonomic revision of the tribe Scopulini Duponchel, 1845 in Iran (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Sterrhinae), Zootaxa 5359 (1), pp. 1-96 : 32-33

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5359.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:11CC5175-7CCE-453F-88EB-3490E82F4972
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D52D6D50-FF9C-FFE0-FF6F-F916FB86DACC
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Scopula luridata (Zeller, 1847)
status

Treatment

Scopula luridata (Zeller, 1847) View in CoL

( Plate 7, Figs 16–17; Plate 17 View PLATE 17 , Fig. 3; Plate 25 View PLATE 25 , Fig. 3)

Idaea luridata Zeller, 1847 . Isis, 1847 (1): 20. Syntype (s) ( Greece, Rhodos ) (NHMUK).

Acidalia distracta Butler, 1881 . Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1881 (3): 616. Syntypes 3 ( Pakistan: Karachi) (NHMUK, examined). Valid at subspecific rank.

Scopula luridata var. sternecki Prout, 1934 . Lepidopterorum catalogus, 63: 198. No separate types ( Corea). Replacement name for chinensis Sterneck, 1931. Valid at subspecific rank.

Acidalia distracta Butler, 1881 : Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1881 (3): 616. Syntypes ( Pakistan: Karachi) (NHMUK). Valid at subspecific rank.

Synonymies (for more details on nomenclature see Scoble 1999 and Hausmann 2004): Acidalia luridaria Herrich-Schäffer, 1852 (according to Hausmann (2004: 312): emendation); Acidalia luridaria [syn.] formosaria Herrich-Schäffer, 1852 (Crete) (according to Hausmann (2004: 312): introduced in synonymy); Acidalia coenosaria Lederer, 1855 ( Lebanon: Beirut; Cyprus); Acidalia coenosaria chinensis Sterneck 1931 ( Corea); Acidalia absconditaria Butler, 1883 ( India: Mhow); Acidalia fulminataria Turati, 1927 ( Libya, Cyrenaica: Ain Mara).

For the list of unavailable names, see Hausmann (2004).

Type material examined. Scopula luridata luridata Syntype, 1 ♁/ ♀, [ Greece], Rhod.[os], Febr.[uary], [18]42, NHMUK 014173561 About NHMUK ; in NHMUK.

Scopula luridata distracta Syntype 1 ♁/ ♀, Pakistan, Karachi , Febr.[uary], [18]79, NHMUK 014173549 About NHMUK ; in NHMUK.

Additional material examined: 8 ♁/ ♀ (see appendix).

Diagnosis. Wingspan ♁ ♀ 18–24 mm (Hausmann 2004). Ground colour ( Plate 7, Figs 16–17) sandy, with variable and diffuse wing pattern. In Iran, Scopula luridata can externally be confused with S. transcaspica and species of the subgenus Glossotrophia . Therefore, here we compare te genitalia characters of Scopula luridata against the genitalia of this species S. transcaspica and species of the subgenus Glossotrophia .

In the male genitalia 8th sternite basally protruding, cerata long (sternite basally slightly convex, both cerata long, left sometimes shortened in S. transcaspica ; sternite basally stem-like elongated in Glossotrophia ) (see Plate 15 View PLATE 15 , Figs 2–3; Plate 17 View PLATE 17 , Fig. 3; Plate 19 View PLATE 19 , Figs 2–4; Plate 20 View PLATE 20 , Figs 1–7).

In the female genitalia lamella antevaginalis with strongly sclerotized u-shaped (as flat sclerite, shape variable, rather wider than long S. transcaspica ; with a large squared sclerite, variable in shape in Glossotrophia ).Antrum with small transverse sclerite (without sclerite in S. transcaspica ; with long sclerite variable in shape in Glossotrophia ) (see Plate 23 View PLATE 23 , Figs 5–6; Plate 25 View PLATE 25 , Fig. 3; Plate 26 View PLATE 26 , Fig. 6; Plate 27 View PLATE 27 , Figs 1–7).

Phenology. Tri- or plurivoltine species with generations from late April to late November in Europe and generations in all months of the year in Levant and Arabia (Hausmann 2004; Hausmann et al. 2020).

Biology. Larva polyphagous on a wide range of plant species of different families often on Solanaceae (e.g., Caryophyllaceae , Liliaceae , Rosaceae ) (see Hausmann 2004).

Habitat. Restricted to lowlands in Europe, and found in southwestern Asia at altitudes from 0 m to 2300 m, from - 400 m to 1000 m in Israel, to 1200 m in Jordan and in the southern Arabian Peninsula from 1800 to 3100 m (Hausmann 2004; Hausmann et al. 2020).

Distribution. Distributed in southern Greece, southern Turkey, Cyprus, Levant, Libya and Egypt, Arabian Peninsula, Iran to western India, Yemen, Ethiopia and Somalia (Hausmann 2004). Also, in northwestern China and Korea ( Sihvonen 2005b; Choi & Kim 2016). In Iran this species is represented by the subspecies S. luridata distracta ( Prout 1912 –1915; Brandt 1941; Hausmann 2004).

DNA-barcoding. Nearest species: S. omana Wiltshire, 1977 with 2.5 % (see Supplementary Table S1).

Remarks. No specimens from Iran were available for this study, though, the presence of this species in Iran has been reported by several authors ( Prout 1912 –1915; Brandt 1941; Hausmann 2004).