Dolichopodinae

SCOTT E. BROOKS, 2005, Systematics and phylogeny of Dolichopodinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), Zootaxa 857, pp. 1-158 : 27-34

Preliminary key to world genera of Dolichopodinae

This key includes all genera of Dolichopodinae except the fossil genus Prohercostomus from Baltic amber. As a result of continuing problems regarding the limits and monophyly of some genera on a world scale and widespread homoplasy within the subfamily, some species may be assigned to incorrect genera according to this key.

1 Scape setose above; mid and hind femora usually with one or more distinct preapical setae on anterior or anterodorsal surface, preapical on mid femur occasionally reduced in male (e.g., Hercostomus amoenus ), hind femur occasionally with 4 smaller anteroventral preapical setae (e.g., Hercostomus dactylocera ); vein M reaching wing margin near or before apex; male abdominal tergite 6 usually bare, rarely with setae on lateral margin; male abdominal segment 7 bare, tubular, hypopygium pedunculate, usually large and projecting forward under abdomen ................................................. 2

­ Not with the above combination of characters ............................ non­Dolichopodinae

2 Hind basitarsus with one or more distinct dorsal setae ............................................... 3

­ Hind basitarsus without dorsal setae ............................................................................ 7

3 Pleura with cluster of fine hairs in front of posterior spiracle; vein M beyond crossvein dm­cu with obtuse to angular S­shaped bend, sometimes with anteroproximal and/or posterodistal stub veins arising on corners bend in M, R4+5 and M subparallel beyond bend in M; arista velvety, shortly pubescent or plumose (Holarctic, Afrotropical, Oriental, Australasian, Hawaiian Islands) ......................................... Dolichopus Latreille

­ Pleura in front of posterior spiracle bare; venation variable ....................................... 4

4 Thorax with distinct dark blackish­purple metallic spot above notopleuron; mid femur with strong posterior preapical setae about even with anterodorsal preapical; arista strongly pubescent or plumose (western Palaearctic) ..... Poecilobothrus Mik (in part)

­ Thorax without distinct dark purple­black spot above notopleuron; mid femur with or without distinct posterior preapical setae; arista weakly pubescent or bare ............... 5

5 Sutural, presutural and acrostichal setae absent; vertical setae weaker than postverticals, male with veins R2+3 and R4+5 thickened in basal part (Oriental China) ................ .............................................................. Parahercostomus Yang, Saigusa & Masunaga

­ Sutural, presutural and acrostichal setae present; vertical setae stronger than postverticals, R2+3 and R4+5 not thickened in basal part ............................................................ 6

6 Body non­metallic, head and thorax gray, abdomen yellowish­brown or gray; vein M beyond crossvein dm­cu with strong anterior bend, strongly convergent with R4+5; hind basitarsus with 1 dorsal seta; hind tibia of males with distinct bifurcate posteroapical projection; male cercus extremely reduced, stub­like; female terminalia with T10 undivided and distinctly V­shaped ( Fig. 7 D) ( Sri Lanka and Thailand) ........................ ...................................................................................... Argyrochlamys Lamb (in part)

­ Body metallic, vein M straight or with weak, sinuous anterior bend beyond crossvein dm­cu; hind basitarsus with 1–2 dorsal setae; males lacking bifurcate posteroapical projection on hind tibia; male cercus variable, not extremely reduced and stub­like; female terminalia as in Fig. 21 D with T10 divided medially, not V­shaped .................. ......................................................................................... Hercostomus Loew (in part)

7 Pleura with cluster of fine hairs in front of posterior spiracle ................................... 8

­ Pleura bare in front of posterior spiracle .................................................................... 12

8 Vei n M straight and subparallel with R4+5 beyond crossvein dm­cu .......................... 9

­ Vein M with distinct anterior bend and convergent with R4+5 beyond crossvein dm­cu .................................................................................................................................... 11

9 Hind femur with anterior preapical seta positioned far from apex, i.e. slightly beyond middle or at distal third; 5 dorsocentrals; arista evenly plumose, hairs long; wing brown, usually with pale transverse stripe just beyond crossvein dm­cu; postgonite narrow (Afrotropical) ................................................... Pelastoneurus Loew (in part)

­ Not with above combination of characters; hind femur with anterior preapical seta closer to apex; usually 6 dorsocentrals, if 5, then postgonite broad and complex with several lobes ( Fig. 13 C); arista with variable pubescence, occasionally subplumose ... ................................................................................................................................... 10

10 Fore tibia lacking anterodorsal comb­like row of strong spine­like setae, with 1–3 strong posteroventral setae, male fore tibia with long apicoventral seta. Clypeus usually strongly bulging and proboscis greatly enlarged and strongly projecting (especially in females), and/or with dark spots at insertion points of setae on mid and hind tibiae. Male cercus large, rounded, pale with dark margin, margin with very long, fine setae ( Figs. 11 A 12A,B); dorsal surstylus notched preapically on dorsal surface with keel­like projection across notch ( Fig. 11 B); posterodorsal part of postgonite absent or simple and digitiform. Female terminalia with inner medial pair of spines on T10 ( Fig. 11 D) (Holarctic) ..................................................................................... New Genus A

­ Fore tibia usually with anterodorsal comb­like row of strong spine­like setae, usually lacking strong posteroventral setae, male fore tibia lacking long apicoventral seta. Clypeus usually flat to weakly produced, sometimes strongly produced in female, proboscis not enlarged and strongly projecting; hind tibiae lacking dark spots at insertion points of setae. Male cercus variable, not as above; dorsal surstylus not notched preapically on dorsal surface; posterodorsal part of postgonite complex, broad, with a pair of dorsolateral lobes, often with secondary dorsal and lateral membranous lobes, and usually with a medioventral lobe ( Fig. 13 C). Female terminalia lacking inner medial pair of spines on T10 ( Fig. 11 D) ..................................... Gymnopternus Loew

11 Arista bare, clypeus usually rounded below; male with apex of postgonite dorsally upturned and flared laterally ( Fig. 33 D,E) ................ Tachytrechus Haliday (in part)

­ Arista strongly pubescent or plumose; clypeus with lower margin usually straight, male postgonite not as above ..... Pelastoneurus Loew (in part, some Afrotropical species)

12 Seven dorsocentrals; abdomen dorsoventrally flattened; veins R4+5 and M subparallel and sinuous beyond crossvein dm­cu, male wing with pronounced convex curve in R4+5 and M and darkened apex; surface setae on mid and hind femora well­developed, nearly as strong as preapical setae; upper and lower propleuron with long dense hair, prothoracic seta pale or brown; posterodorsal part of postgonite not developed ( Fig. 18 B); male and female genitalia as in Fig. 18 (western Palaearctic) ............................. ................................................................................................... Muscidideicus Becker

­ Five or six dorsocentrals, abdomen not distinctly dorsoventrally flattened; veins R4+5 and M subparallel or convergent beyond crossvein dm­cu, M straight or with anterior bend; surface setae on femora usually weak, if strong then vein M with strong anterior bend and convergent with R4+5; prothoracic seta usually black, male and female genitalia not as above ....................................................................................................... 13

13 Hind femur of male with preapical anteroventral row of four setae; segment 7 elongate and slender; base of sternite 8 with a cluster of thick spines ( Fig. 16 D); fore tarsus of male with apical segments flattened laterally; species with brownish­yellow to partly blackish color (Southeast Asia); male genitalia as in Fig 16 ......................................... ............... Hercostomus longiventris group (in part, H. dactylocera and H. zygolipes )

­ Males without the above combination of characters, or females .............................. 14

14 Eyes contiguous at oral margin; vertical setae shorter than postverticals; scutum with triangular depression in front of scutellum; acrostichals uniserial and strong; vein M straight and parallel or nearly parallel with R4+5 beyond crossvein dm­cu ( China and Nepal) ..................................................... Allohercostomus Yang, Saigusa & Masunaga

­ Eyes separate at oral margin; vertical setae usually distinctly stronger than postverticals; scutum usually evenly convex in front of scutellum; acrostichals biserial or absent, rarely uniserial ............................................................................................... 15

15. Proboscis and palps greatly elongated and slender, proboscis longer than head is high; vein M beyond crossvein dm­cu with weak anterior bend before middle, convergent with R4+5 and ending well above wing apex, close to apex of R4+5; basal segment of fore tarsus usually with 3–4 distinct ventral setae (western Palaearctic) ....................... ......................................................................................................... Ortochile Latreille

­ Proboscis thick and short, not exceeding height of head; palps usually short, if long then relatively broad; M straight or with anterior bend, R4+5 and M subparallel or convergent ......................................................................................................................... 16

16 Males with several slender, digitiform, pubescent projections on outer surface of first flagellomere (Neotropical) .................................................. Cheiromyia Dyte (in part)

­ Males without projections on outer surface of first flagellomere, or females ........... 17

17 Body non­metallic; head gray, with whitish pollen, wider than high with frons and face broad in both sexes; thorax pale­gray to dark gray or blackish with whitish­gray pollen; 6 dorsocentrals, fifth pair usually strongly offset medially; vein M beyond crossvein dm­cu usually with strong anterior bend and strongly convergent with R4+5; abdomen yellowish brown; hind basitarsus of male with elongate comma­shaped posterobasal projection; male genitalia as in Figs. 6 A–C and 7A–C; female terminalia with T10 undivided and distinctly V­shaped, usually with a pair of rod­like apical projections ( Figs. 6 D, 7D), if projections absent, then setae of body and legs pale (Palaearctic, Afrotropical and Oriental) ................................. Argyrochlamys Lamb (in part)

­ Body usually metallic; 5–6 dorsocentrals, penultimate posterior pair usually in line or weakly offset medially; venation variable; hind basitarsus of male without commashaped posterobasal projection; male and female terminalia not as above ............... 18 18 Face and clypeus broad in both sexes, clypeus bulging and subequal in height to face; 6 dorsocentral setae, wing with brownish spots or bands, vein M beyond crossvein dm­cu with weak anterior bend before middle, hypopygium distinctive ( Figs. 28 A–C, 29A–C), subtriangular, phallus strongly wrinkled (Neotropical)... Stenopygium Becker

­ Face and clypeus variable; 5–6 dorsocentrals, wing with or without brownish markings, venation variable, hypopygium not as above ................................................... 19

19 Distal segment of arista plumose with dorsal and ventral hairs longer than lateral hairs and often widely spaced, if weakly plumose, then with clypeus strongly bulging and subequal in height to face, 5 dorsocentrals, and hind femur with 1 strong anteroventral preapical seta; vein M beyond crossvein dm­cu usually with strong anterior bend and distinctly convergent with R4+5, M occasionally straight (e.g., P. tripartitus ), or weakly bent anteriorly; hind coxa usually with lateral seta near apex ....................................... ....................................................................................... Pelastoneurus Loew (in part)

­ Distal segment of arista bare or with hairs subequal in length; venation variable; position of lateral seta on hind coxa variable ................................................................... 20

20 Vein M beyond crossvein dm­cu straight or with weak anterior bend, subparallel to weakly converging with R4+5; or M distinctly S­shaped and subparallel with R4+5 beyond bend .............................................................................................................. 21

­ Vein M with strong anterior bend towards R4+5, veins strongly converging ............. 33

21 Hind femur with 2 or more anterodorsal preapical setae .......................................... 22

­ Hind femur with 1 anterior or anterodorsal preapical seta ........................................ 24

22 Clypeus strongly bulging, subequal in height to face, with lower margin straight, ending well­above lower eye margin; face and clypeus broad in both sexes, weakly converging below; palps large; proboscis large and thick; mid femur with 2–4 anterior and 2 strong posteroventral preapical setae in addition to terminal posteroventral preapical seta that is weakly developed; hind femur with 2 anterodorsal preapical setae; Scutum with violet longitudinal stripe along each row of dorsocentrals; male and female genitalia as in Fig. 25 A–E (North Africa) ................................................ Platyopsis Parent

­ Clypeus flat, at most weakly produced in some females, lower margin rounded or straight; palps and proboscis usually not enlarged, if large, then clypeus extending well beyond lower eye margin; mid femur with 1–5 anterior setae, occasionally with 1 strong posteroventral preapical seta; hind femur with 2 or more anterodorsal setae... 23

23 Lower margin of clypeus straight, ending above lower eye margin, face narrowed towards clypeus; hind femur with 2 elongate anterodorsal preapical setae; hind tibia with elongate setae; mid and hind tarsi with tarsomeres 4–5 white with dense white hairs; posterior margin of wing distinctly incised near middle; apex of postgonite with preapical lateroventral lobes ( China) ................ “ Hypophyllus ” sinensis Yang (males) [See “Remarks” under Sybistroma regarding the placement of this species]

­ Lower margin of clypeus usually rounded or subtriangular and often extending to or beyond lower eye margin, if clypeus not rounded below, then face narrow below

antennae and widening towards clypeus or extending well beyond lower eye margin; hind femur with 2 or more normally developed anterodorsal setae; apex of postgonite strongly upturned and flared laterally ( Fig. 33 D,E) .... Tachytrechus Haliday (in part)

24 Scutum with distinct dark spot above notopleuron .................................................... 25

­ Scutum without distinct dark spot above notopleuron .............................................. 26

25 Thorax and abdomen metallic green or bluish­green, spot above notopleuron metallic purplish­black; lower margin of clypeus straight; hypandrium short, conical, slightly dorsoventrally flattened, fused to epandrium laterally near basiventral epandrial lobe ( Fig. 26 A,C); postgonite with acute ventrally curved medial lobe and 1–2 preapical lateroventral lobes ( Fig. 26 B) (western Palaearctic) ....... Poecilobothrus Mik (in part)

­ Thorax and abdomen bluish­black, spot above notopleuron dull black, notum with dark medial longitudinal stripe and usually a dark spot in front of scutellum; lower margin of clypeus subtriangular; hypandrium not fused to epandrium laterally near basiventral epandrial lobe; postgonite not as above (Afrotropical) ................................ ........................................................................................ Pelastoneurus Loew (in part)

26 Males with apical third of wing broadly brown; mid tibia with 1 anteroventral seta, seta curved and fine apically, and 1 very fine apicoventral seta; basitarsus of mid leg with strong basiventral seta; sperm pump large, tubular and folded back on itself ( Fig. 8 C) (Neotropical) ................................................................ Cheiromyia Dyte (in part)

­ Males without the above combination of characters, or females .............................. 27

27 Clypeus with lower margin rounded or subtriangular and sometimes extending beyond lower eye margin, if clypeus not rounded below, then face narrow below antennae and widening towards clypeus; vein M beyond crossvein dm­cu with weak anterior bend or with distinct S­shaped bend with M and R4+5 subparallel beyond bend .............. 28

­ Clypeus with lower margin straight and ending above lower eye margin; face narrowed towards clypeus or sides subparallel; vein M beyond crossvein dm­cu with weak anterior bend, not with S­shaped bend ............................................................. 30

28 Male genitalia with apex of postgonite strongly upturned and flared laterally ( Fig. 33 D,E); female terminalia with T6 and T7 divided medially ........................................ ...................................................................................... Tachytrechus Haliday (in part)

­ Male genitalia with apex of postgonite not as above, female terminalia with T6 and T7 undivided (some species of Hercostomus from China, India and Nepal) ................ 29

29 Male fore tarsus with tarsomeres 3–5, 4–5, or tarsomere 5 flattened; fifth pair of dorsocentrals aligned or, at most, weakly offset medially; mid femur with 1 posterior preapical seta, about even with anterior preapical, in addition to terminal posteroventral preapical seta that is sometimes developed; male cercus relatively small, slender, tapered apically ( Fig. 15 A); postgonite with well­developed medioventral projection ( Fig. 15 A,B); hypandrium laterally flanked by basiventral epandrial lobes forming an asymmetrical complex ( Fig. 15 B,C,D) .......................................................................... ............... Hercostomus longiventris group (in part, H. amoenus and related species)

­ Male fore tarsus simple; fifth pair of dorsocentrals strongly offset medially; mid femur without posterior preapical seta, about even with anterior preapical; male cercus large, nearly as long as epandrium, with 90° furcation, with long marginal setae, distal margin jagged; apicoventral epandrial lobe spine­like and furcate; basiventral epandrial lobes weakly developed, not flanking hypandrium (Oriental China) ............................ Hercostomus Loew (in part, Hercostomus (Ahercostomus) jiangchenganus Yang & Saigusa )

30 Hind femur with anterior preapical seta positioned far from apex, slightly beyond middle or at distal third; 5 dorsocentrals; arista with long hairs; vein M beyond crossvein dm­cu straight and subparallel to R4+5; wing brown, usually with pale transverse stripe just beyond crossvein dm­cu; postgonite narrow (Afrotropical) .................................... ....................................................................................... Pelastoneurus Loew (in part)

­ Hind femur with anterior preapical seta positioned close to apex; 6 dorsocentrals; arista usually with short pubescence, or bare; vein M beyond crossvein dm­cu straight and subparallel to R4+5 or with weak sinuous anterior bend and converging with R4+5 ................................................................................................................................... 31

31 Antenna of male with enlarged scape, reduced pedicel, 1­segmented arista usually with one or more lamellae; if antenna not as above, then hypopygium with elongate, setose apicoventral epandrial lobes ( Figs. 30 A,C, 31A,C); basiventral epandrial lobes usually elongate and digitiform ( Figs. 30 C, 31C, 32C), usually with pointed or frayed knob­like tip ( Figs. 31 A,C, 32A,C) ...................... Sybistroma Meigen (in part, males)

­ Scape and pedicel of male normal, arista 2­segmented, rarely with apical lamella; apicoventral epandrial lobes not elongate and setose; basiventral epandrial lobes variably developed with or without knob­like tip; or females ................................................ 32

32 Male genitalia with basiventral epandrial lobes and hypandrium forming a complex of entangled asymmetrical lobes ( Fig. 14 A,C); mid femur with 1 strong posterior preapical about even with anterior preapical ............................................................................ ......................................................... Hercostomus longiventris group (in part, males)

­ Male genitalia variable, not as above; mid femur with or without strong posterior preapical about even with anterior preapical; or females ............................................... Hercostomus Loew (in part, including females of H. longiventris group), Anasyntormon Parent , Sybistroma Meigen (in part, females), “ Hypophyllus ” sinensis Yang (females) [Some Old World species currently placed in Pelastoneurus may key out here]

33 Antenna of male with scape enlarged, usually elongated and thickened, pedicel reduced and funnel­shaped, arista bare with apical lamella, sometimes also with lamella at middle ....................................................................................................... 34

­ Antenna of male with scape and pedicel normal­sized, pedicel occasionally reduced, arista usually without apical lamella, or females ...................................................... 35

34 First flagellomere conical or subtriangular, 2.0–2.5 x as long as wide, pointed apically; arista with apex of lamella narrowed to a fine point or notched; face narrowing

towards clypeus or nearly parallel­sided ( Australia and New Guinea) .......................... ........................................................................... Metaparaclius Becker (in part, males)

­ First flagellomere at most 1.5 x as long as wide, usually shorter, rounded apically; arista with lamella rounded or pointed apically; face widening towards clypeus(Nearctic) ...................................................................................... Tachytrechus Haliday (in part)

35 Lower margin of clypeus rounded or subtriangular and often extending to or beyond lower eye margin, if clypeus not rounded or subtriangular below, then face narrow below antennae and widening towards clypeus; hind femur with 1 or more anterodorsal preapical setae (Old World species usually with 2 or more); male genitalia with apex of postgonite strongly upturned and flared laterally; ( Fig. 33 D,E) ....................... ...................................................................................... Tachytrechus Haliday (in part)

­ Lower margin of clypeus usually straight and ending above lower eye margin; face usually narrowed towards clypeus or sides subparallel, if lower margin of clypeus rounded and extending beyond lower eye margin, then posterolateral margin of metepimeron with patch of setae, male genitalia with large, dark, shell­like cercus, epandrium with complex, eversible sac adjacent to surstylus, and apicoventral epandrial lobe with 3 fine, branched setae (“ Polymedon ” inopinatus, Oriental); hind femur usually with 1 anterodorsal preapical seta; postgonite not as above ......................... 36

36 Arista plumose ....................... Pelastoneurus Loew (in part, some Old World species)

­ Arista weakly to strongly pubescent .......................................................................... 37

37 Scutum with distinct dark metallic spot above notopleuron; upper propleuron with 2 strong black setae; hind basitarsus with 1–2 short anterior setae ( Australia) ................. ............................................. Metaparaclius Becker (in part, female M. australiensis )

­ Not with the above combination of characters .................................... Paraclius Loew [Some Old World species currently placed in Pelastoneurus may key out here; unplaced species formerly in Sarcionus i.e. “ Sarcionus ” flavicoxa Aldrich , “ Sarcionus ” intermedius Van Duzee , “ Sarcionus ” maculatus Van Duzee key out here]

Figures

FIGURE 6. Argyrochlamys impudicus: (A) Male genitalia, left lateral view (external); (B) Male genitalia, left lateral view (internal); (C) Male genitalia, ventral view (postgonite, surstylus and cerci not shown); (D) Female genitalia, dorsal view; (E) Female genitalia, left lateral view.

FIGURE 7. Argyrochlamys cavicola: (A) Male genitalia, left lateral view (external); (B) Male genitalia, left lateral view (internal); (C) Male genitalia, ventral view (postgonite, surstylus and cerci not shown); (D) Female genitalia, dorsal view; (E) Female genitalia, left lateral view.

FIGURE 8. Cheiromyia palmaticornis: (A) Male genitalia, left lateral view (external); (B) Male genitalia, ventral view (postgonite, surstylus and cerci not shown); (C) Male genitalia, left lateral view (internal).

FIGURE 11. New Genus A: “ Gymnopterus ” purpuratus: (A) Male genitalia, left lateral view (external); (B) Male genitalia, left lateral view (internal); (C) Male genitalia, ventral view (postgonite, surstylus and cerci not shown); (D) Female genitalia, dorsal view; (E) Female genitalia, left lateral view.

FIGURE 13. Gymnopternus cupreus and G. a e ro s u s: (A) G. cupreus, male genitalia, left lateral view (external); (B) G. cupreus, male genitalia, left lateral view (internal); (C) G. cupreus, male genitalia, postgonite and subepandrial sclerite / hypandrial arm complex, lateral view; (D) G. cupreus, male genitalia, ventral view (postgonite, surstylus and cerci not shown); (E) G. a e ro s u s, female genitalia, dorsal view; (F) G. ae ro s us, female genitalia, left lateral view.

FIGURE 14. Hercostomus longiventris: (A) Male genitalia, left lateral view (external); (B) Male genitalia, left lateral view (internal); (C) Male genitalia, ventral view (postgonite, surstylus and cerci not shown); (D) Female genitalia, dorsal view; (E) Female genitalia, left lateral view.

FIGURE 15. Hercostomus amoenus: (A) Male genitalia, left lateral view (external); (B) Male genitalia, left lateral view (internal); (C) Male genitalia, basiventral epandrial lobe, hypandrium and phallus, right lateral view; (D) Male genitalia, ventral view (postgonite, surstylus and cerci not shown); (E) Female genitalia, dorsal view; (F) Female genitalia, left lateral view.

FIGURE 16. Hercostomus dactylocera: (A) Male genitalia, left lateral view (external); (B) Male genitalia, right lateral view (external); (C) Male genitalia, left lateral view (internal, left epandrial lobes and right ventral hypopygial lobe not shown); (D) Male genitalia, sternite 8; (E) Male genitalia, ventral view (postgonite, surstylus and cerci not shown).

FIGURE 18. Muscidideicus praetextatus: (A) Male genitalia, left lateral view (external); (B) Male genitalia, left lateral view (internal); (C) Male genitalia, ventral view (postgonite, surstylus and cerci not shown); (D) Female genitalia, dorsal view; (E) Female genitalia, left lateral view.

FIGURE 21. Parahercostomus zhongdianus: (A) Male genitalia, left lateral view (external); (B) Male genitalia, left lateral view (internal); (C) Male genitalia, ventral view (postgonite, surstylus and cerci not shown); (D) Female genitalia, dorsal view; (E) Female genitalia, left lateral view.

FIGURE 25. Platyopsis maroccanus: (A) Male genitalia, left lateral view (external); (B) Male genitalia, left lateral view (internal); (C) Male genitalia, ventral view (postgonite, surstylus and cerci not shown); (D) Female genitalia, dorsal view; (E) Female genitalia, left lateral view.

FIGURE 26. Poecilobothrus regalis and P. nobilitatus: (A) P. regalis, male genitalia, left lateral view (external); (B) P. re g a l i s, male genitalia, left lateral view (internal); (C) P. regalis, male genitalia, ventral view (postgonite, surstylus and cerci not shown); (D) P. nobilitatus, female genitalia, dorsal view; (E) P. nobilitatus, female genitalia, left lateral view.

FIGURE 28. Stenopygium nubeculum: (A) Male genitalia, left lateral view (external); (B) Male genitalia, left lateral view (internal); (C) Male genitalia, ventral view (postgonite, surstylus and cerci not shown).

FIGURE 30. Sybistroma obscurellum: (A) Male genitalia, left lateral view (external); (B) Male genitalia, left lateral view (internal); (C) Male genitalia, ventral view (postgonite, surstylus and cerci not shown); (D) Female genitalia, dorsal view; (E) Female genitalia, left lateral view.

FIGURE 31. Sybistroma impar: (A) Male genitalia, left lateral view (external); (B) Male genitalia, left lateral view (internal); (C) Male genitalia, ventral view (postgonite, surstylus and cerci not shown); (D) Female genitalia, dorsal view; (E) Female genitalia, left lateral view.

FIGURE 33. Tachytrechus notatus and T. angustipennis: (A) T. notatus, male genitalia, left lateral view (external); (B) T. notatus, male genitalia, left lateral view (internal); (C) T. notatus, male genitalia, ventral view (postgonite, surstylus and cerci not shown); (D) T. angustipennis, male genitalia, postgonite dorsal view; (E) T. angustipennis, male genitalia, postgonite lateral view; (F) T. notatus, female genitalia, dorsal view; (G) T. notatus, female genitalia, left lateral view.