Hymenotorrendiella eucalypti (Berk.) P.R. Johnst., Baral & R. Galán 2014

Johnston, Peter R., Park, Duckchul, Baral, Hans-Otto, Galán, Ricardo, Platas, Gonzalo & Tena, Raúl, 2014, The phylogenetic relationships of Torrendiella and Hymenotorrendiella gen. nov. within the Leotiomycetes, Phytotaxa 177 (1), pp. 1-25 : 11-16

Hymenotorrendiella eucalypti (Berk.) P.R. Johnst., Baral & R. Galán , comb. nov. (Figure 7–10)

Registration identifier: IF550523

Synonyms: Peziza eucalypti Berk. in Hooker, Flora Tasmaniae 2: 274, 1860; Dasyscyphus eucalypti (Berk.) Sacc., Sylloge Fungorum 8: 462, 1889; Zoellneria eucalypti (Berk.) Dennis, Kew Bulletin 13: 324, 1958; Torrendiella eucalypti (Berk.) Spooner, Bibliotheca Mycologica 116: 322, 1987.

FIGURE. Hymenotorrendiella eucalypti . a. Ascospores. b. Ascus apices in IKI. c. Simple-septate ascus bases without a basal protuberance. d. Paraphyses. All elements in living state except for b.— Spain, Asturias, Grado, Las Ablanosas, on phyllodes of Acacia melanoxylon (H.B. 9664).

FIGURE. Hymenotorrendiella eucalypti . a–d. Fresh apothecia. e. Phyllodes with apothecia. f–g. Ascus apices (g, right, after ejection). h–i, k. Ascospores. j. Detached sheaths of ascospores. l–n, r. Mature asci. o–p, s–w. Paraphyses containing refractive vacuolar bodies. q. Simple-septate ascus bases without a basal protuberance.All elements in living state (n, p, v in CRB) except for f–g, k (in IKI, unpretreated except for two left in g, KOH-pretreated).—a–w. Spain: a–b, f, w. Asturias, Pravia, Los Cabos (E.R.D. 3285, phot. E. Rubio). c–e, g-h, k, s–v. Asturias, Grado, Las Ablanosas (H.B. 9664). g, i–j, l–r. País Vasco, Vizcaya, Rebortun (J.F. 2012021201).

FIGURE. Hymenotorrendiella eucalypti . a–b. Apothecium in median section. c, f. Apothecium in bottom view, with projecting setae. d, h. Margin and flanks in median section showing ectal excipulum of textura prismatica (ec2) covered by a thin cortical layer (ec1), an inner layer of t. porrecta (ec3), and medullary excipulum (me). e. Upper part of setae. g, i–k. External view on ectal excipulum showing base of setae and in i–k, hyaline to pale brown, undulating cortical hyphae with included refractive vacuolar bodies. All elements in living state.— a–e, h–k. Asturias, Grado, Las Ablanosas (H.B. 9664). f–g. País Vasco, Vizcaya, Rebortun (J.F. 2012021201).

FIGURE 0. Hymenotorrendiella eucalypti . a. Dry apothecia on leaf surface. b. Median section of receptacle. c. Detail of ectal excipulum near margin. d. Detail of ectal excipulum on stipe. e. Base of setae. f. Surface view on receptacle near margin, showing brownish rough cortical hyphae (squash mount). g. Detail of f. All elements in dead state (in 3% KOH).— a–d. Australia, Wilsons Promontory National Park (PDD 70279). e–g. Australia, Errinundra National Park (PDD 77802).

Apothecia developing on fallen phyllodes, scattered to gregarious, erumpent through small cracks in darkened epidermis, mature apothecia 0.4–1.7 (–2.5) mm diam. when fresh, disc whitish-cream to pale yellow, flat, receptacle greyish-ochraceous to olivaceous with scattered, blackish-brown, straight setae, stipe 0.2–1 × 0.2–0.4 mm, translucent whitish-grey or brownish-olivaceous, sometimes darker towards base, setae sparse to absent. Asci *100–130 (–140) × (9–) 9.7–10.8 µm, †90–100 (–106) × (7–) 7.5–8.5 (–9.5) µm, 8-spored, pars sporifera *40–50 µm long, †72–80 µm, spores obliquely biseriate, living mature asci protruding 0–7 µm beyond paraphyses; ascus apex conical, wall at apex †1.3–2.7 µm thick, apical ring staining strongly blue (bb) in IKI, forming a thin-walled tube in lower 1/3–3/4 of wall, without apical chamber ( Hymenoscyphus - type); base of ascus with short, thick stalk arising from simple septa without basal protuberances {2}. Ascospores *16–19 (–21) × 4–4.7 µm, †13.5–17.5 (–18.5) × 3–3.8 µm, fusiform with ± cylindrical middle part, homopolar, both ends subacute to acute, slightly inequilateral, straight to slightly (rarely medium) curved, containing 2–4 large lipid bodies (1–) 1.7–3.3 µm diam. in each half and many smaller ones, containing one central nucleus, with delicate sheath that slips off the spore; postmature spores sometimes 1-septate, not becoming pigmented. Paraphyses apically undifferentiated or slightly capitate-spathulate, terminal cell *(26–) 46–57 × (3–) 3.5–4.5 (–6) µm, containing strongly refractive hyaline vacuolar bodies (very pale yellowish with age), (1–) 2–4 µm wide globose to shortly-elongate, these staining bright turquoise-blue in aqueous Cresyl blue and deep red-brown in IKI, lower cells *13–27 µm long, often branched at lower septa. Ectal excipulum indistinctly 3-layered: outer layer (ec1) thin, of *2.7–6 µm wide hyphae that contain strongly refractive, globose vacuolar bodies and form an undulating network in surface view, encrusted by a rough, yellowish to olive-brown exudate 0.2–0.5 µm thick; central layer (ec2) at flanks of non- or slightly gelatinized, hyaline to very pale yellowish textura prismatica oriented at a 0–30° angle to the surface, 40–45 µm thick, cells *20–40 × 9–15 µm, more short-celled to isodiametric at upper flanks (*13–20 × 10–16 µm), layer at margin very thin and of t. porrecta; inner layer (ec3) of hyaline to pale brown t. porrecta, not encrusted; in stipe of similar texture, near base covered by larger amounts of red-brown exudate; complete tissue not staining in IKI, without crystals. Medullary excipulum of a rather dense, hyaline textura prismatica to textura porrecta, upwards oriented in centre, obliquely horizontal at the flanks, individual cells *35-75 × 6-13 µm, much shorter below the hymenium. Setae arising from the central layer of the ectal excipulum, rooting at a length of up to 30–40 µm, 220–307 × 7–8.5 µm, 7.5–10 µm wide at the swollen base, 7–10-septate, septa 0.4–1.5 µm thick, wall in middle and lower part 1–1.5 (–2) µm thick, smooth, blackish olive-brown, towards the tapered apex pale to medium olive-brown, terminal cell 4–6 (–7) µm wide, wall 0.5–0.8 µm thick.

Habitat: — on dead, fallen phyllodes of Acacia sp. {1}, A.? frigescens {1}, A. melanoxylon {7}, lying in moist litter. Subtropical to Mediterranean, indigenous in Australia, but introduced with its host to Europe, South America, and New Zealand.

Phenology:—Northern Hemisphere November–February, Southern Hemisphere May.

Specimens examined:— AUSTRALIA. Tasmania: unlocalized, on phyllode of Acacia sp. , undated, W. Archer (K— Holotype). Victoria: Errinundra National Park, Result Creek Falls Tr., on Acacia ? frigescens fallen phyllodes, 24 May 1996, P.R. Johnston AU96-125 ( PDD 77802, ICMP 15651). Wilsons Promontory National Park, Lilly Pilly Tr., on A. melanoxylon fallen phyllodes, 19 May 1996, P.R. Johnston AU96-37 & T.W. May ( PDD 70279). CHILE. Fundo Las Palmas of the Universidad Austral de Chile, 18 km N of Valdivia, on A. melanoxylon fallen phyllodes, 10 May 1994, M. Heykoop ( AH 6895). NEW ZEALAND. Wellington, Rimutaka Forest Park, Catchpool, near park entrance, on A. melanoxylon fallen phyllodes, 7 May 1997, P.R. Johnston D1283 ( PDD 70105). SPAIN. Asturias: 5.5 km NE of Grado, 1.6 km SE of Villar, S of Las Ablanosas, 325 m, on A. melanoxylon fallen phyllodes, 3 February 2012, J. Linde & E. Rubio (H.B. 9664). Avilés, naval harbour area, 10 m, on A. melanoxylon fallen phyllodes, 18 February 2006, A. Suárez ( AH 7636). País Vasco: Vizcaya, 17 km WNW of Bilbao, 2.2 km S of Muskiz, Rebortun, 92 m, A. melanoxylon fallen phyllodes, 12 February 2012, J. Fernández Vicente (J. F. 2012021201, photograph only examined). Galicia: A Coruña, Fragas do Eume Natural Park, surroundings of the Caaveiro Monastery, 62 m, A. melanoxylon fallen phyllodes, 1 November 2000, M. Castro ( AH 7649).

Based on both morphological and genetic results, the following additional new combinations are proposed. Six out of the nine Hymenotorrendiella species are included in the phylogenetic analysis presented here, but all of the Nothofagus -inhabiting species described in Torrendiella by Johnston and Gamundí (2000), along with the undescribed species discussed by Johnston (2006, 2010), are genetically typical of Hymenotorrendiella (P.R.J., unpubl. data). Since sequences are not available for Torrendiella grisea or T. guangxiensis , their recombinations are based on morphological evidence alone: