SOLANACEAE

Baksh-Comeau, Yasmin S., Maharaj, Shobha S., Adams, Dennis, Harris, Stephen A., Filer, Denis L. & Hawthorne, William D., 2016, An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical ‘ hotspots’, Phytotaxa 250 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

SOLANACEAE

Acnistus arborescens (L.) Schltdl., Linnaea 7: 67 (1832) Syn: Acnistus punctatus Riley ; Atropa arborescens L. Common name: Tabac Wari, Wild Tobacco. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Secondary vegetation. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Biche-Poole; Grande Riviere-Matelot ; Mt.St.Benedict-Caura; North Central Coast; Princes Town; Rio Claro-Mayaro; SW Erin-Guapo; SW Icacos-Cedros; Trinity Hills. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 4: 12% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 11% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: The Widow, Broadway 3510 (BM); Menna Road, Williams s.n. (TRIN 11124); Mt. St. George-Castara Road, Sandwith 1838 (K). TRINIDAD: Blue Basin, sine coll. (TRIN 7733); Blanchisseuse, Broadway 7159 (BM); St. Anns, sine coll. (TRIN 10975); Maracas Falls, sine coll. (TRIN 5353), Broadway 7307 (BM); Arima Forest Reserve, Riley 99 (BM, NY); Arima-Blanchisseuse Road, Riley 80 (BM); Morne Bleu, sine coll. (TRIN 11566); Grande Riviere , sine coll. (TRIN 8094); Aripo Savanna, Howard 10501 (BM); Mt. Harris Forest Reserve, Fosberg 42621 (BM); Radix Point, Riley 217 (BM); San Fernando, [Finlay s.n.] (TRIN 1908); Morne Diablo, sine coll. (TRIN 12037); Southern Watershed Reserve, sine coll. (TRIN 13467). Global range: Widespread through Central and South America and the Caribbean.

Browallia americana L., Sp. Pl. 631 (1753) Syn: Browallia americana L. f. elata (L.) Kuntze; Browallia demissa L.; Browallia elata L. Habit : Herb. Habitat: Shaded roadsides and disturbed areas. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Scarborough, sine coll. (TRIN 14550); near Hillsborough Dam, Clement & Ryves 391 (BM). TRINIDAD: Morne Catherine, Adams 14614 (TRIN); Guanapo Heights Road, Adams 13552 (TRIN); Aripo Heights, Broadway s.n. (TRIN 9846); San Rafael to Talparo Road, Wood 1702 (K). Global range: Widespread through Central and South America and the Caribean.

Brugmansia suaveolens (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Bercht. & C.Presl, Prir. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1: 45 (1823) Syn: Datura suaveolens Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. Exotic.

Brugmansia versicolor Lagerh., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 20: 666, t.11 (1895) Syn: Datura versicolor (Lagerh.) Saff. Exotic.

Brunfelsia americana L., Sp. Pl. 191 (1753) Syn: Brunfelsia fallax Duch. Exotic.

Brunfelsia latifolia (Pohl) Benth., Prodr. 10: 199 (1846) Exotic.

Brunfelsia uniflora (Pohl) D.Don , Edinburgh New Philos. J., 7: 86 (1829) Syn: Brunfelsia hopeana (Hooker) Benth. var. pubescens Benth. ; Brunfelsia lockharti Heynh. ; Brunfelsia unifolia (Pohl) D.Don var. pubescens (Benth.) R.E.D.Baker & N.W. Simmonds Exotic.

Capsicum annuum L. var. glabriusculum (Dunal) Heiser & Pickersgill., Baileya 19: 156 (1975) Syn: Capsicum

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annuum L. var. aviculare (Dierb.) D’Arcy & Eshbaugh ; Capsicum minimum Mill. Exotic.

Capsicum baccatum L., Mant. Pl. 46 (1767) Exotic.

Capsicum frutescens L., Sp. Pl. 189 (1753) Exotic.

Cestrum alternifolium (Jacq.) O.E.Schulz, Symb. Antill. 6: 270 (1909) Syn: Cestrum alternifolium (Jacq.) O.E.Schulz var. pendulinum (Jacq.) O.E.Schulz ; Cestrum pendulinum Jacq. ; Cestrum vespertinum L.; Ixora alternifolia Jacq. Common Name : Jumbie Pepper. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Thickets. IUCN: NE. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: E Coast; Little Tobago-St.Giles; SW Coastal; TRINIDAD: NW Peninsular Corner; Trinity Hills. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 4: 1% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 6% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 6: 10% RBS samples; Vegnum 8: 20% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): Tobago: Rockley Vale, Broadway 4020 (BM); between Buccoo Bay and Les Coteaux, Clement & Ryves 520 (BM). TRINIDAD: Monos, Britton et al. 2741 (NY); Staubles to Teteron Bay, sine coll. (TRIN 10983); Bande de L’Est, [Finlay s.n.] (TRIN 1911). Global range: Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles, Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela.

Cestrum diurnum L., Sp. Pl. 1: 191 (1753) Common Name: Goatbush. Exotic.

Cestrum laevigatum Schltdl., Fl. Bras. 10: 216 (1846) Exotic.

Cestrum latifolium Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 2: 5 (1794) Common name: Lady of the Night. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Roadsides and forest borders. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: E Coast; TRINIDAD: Longdenville-Talparo; Nariva; P.O.S.-Santa Cruz; Princes Town; Rio Claro-Mayaro; SW Icacos-Cedros; Southern Watershed; Tucker-Mt.Catherine. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 4: 4% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 6% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 6: 10% RBS samples; Vegnum 7: 30% RBS samples); Savanna/plantation (Vegnum 9: 14% RBS samples); Swamp/marsh (Vegnum 11: 8% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Castara, Broadway 4147 (BM). TRINIDAD: Diego Martin, sine coll. (TRIN 5196); Santa Cruz, Broadway 2593 (K); Maraval, sine coll. (TRIN 5424); St. Anns, Crueger s.n. (K, TRIN 2249); Tunapuna, sine coll. (TRIN 4257); Arima Valley, Snow s.n. (K); Caura Road, Broadway 6959 (BM, K); Brasso Road, Adams 13809 (TRIN); Oropuche Local Road, Broadway 6161 (BM, K); Matura, Philcox & Wood 7754 (K); Caroni, Eggers 1390 (K); Talparo, sine coll. (TRIN 10824); Tabaquite-Rio Claro Road, Broadway 6336 (BM, K); San Fernando, [Finlay s.n.] (TRIN 1912); South West Reserve, Simmonds 441 (K, TRIN 14488); Irois, sine coll. (TRIN 8527); Cedros, sine coll. (TRIN 7136). Global range: Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles, Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil, Peru.

Cestrum laurifolium L’Hér., Stirp. Nov. 4: 69, t. 34 (1788) Habit: Shrub. Star: GD. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Without locality, Sieber 180 (BM). This species is reported from Trinidad as a doubtful Sieber record. Global range: Greater Antilles, Virgin Islands, Lesser Antilles.

Cestrum macrophyllum Vent., Choix Pl. 18 (1803) Habit: Shrub. Star: GD. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Without locality, Sieber 176 (BM), de Schack s.n. (BM). This record must be considered doubtful. Global range: Greater Antilles, Central America.

Cestrum nocturnum L., Sp. Pl. 191 (1753) Common Name: Belle-de-Nuit, Jasmine, Lady of the Night. Exotic.

Cestrum schlechtendahlii G.Don, Gen. Hist. 4: 482 (1837) Syn: Cestrum baenitzii Lingelsh. ; Cestrum megalophyllum Dunal ; Cestrum silvicola Britton ex Francey Habit : Tree. Habitat: Moist forests. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: NE Coast-Main Ridge F.R.; TRINIDAD: Arima-Blanchisseuse Rd N; Biche-Poole; Brasso Seco; Cumaca; Grande Riviere-Matelot ; Guanapo-Chaguaramal; Maracas-Tucuche. RBS Vegetation Classes: (Sub-)Montane forest (Vegnum 1: 38% RBS samples); Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 3: 8% RBS samples; Vegnum 4: 1% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Caledonia, Broadway 3079 (K). TRINIDAD: Tucuche, sine coll. (TRIN 9061), sine coll. (TRIN 10082); Maracas, Broadway 6012 (BM, K), Broadway 7250 (BM, K); Aripo Heights, Britton & Freeman 2358 (K); Plum Road, sine coll. (TRIN 11993). Global range: Central America, Brazil, Ecuador, Bolivia.

Cyphomandra betacea (Cav.) Sendtn. , Flora 28: 172 (1845) Syn: Solanum betaceum Cav. Exotic.

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Datura metel L., Sp. Pl. 179 (1753) Syn: Datura fastuosa L. Exotic.

Datura stramonium L., Sp. Pl. 179 (1753) Common Name: Dhatur, Thorn Apple. Exotic.

Lycianthes pauciflora (Vahl) Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Vereins Bremen 24: 341 (1920) Syn: Lycianthes pauciflora (Vahl) Bitter ssp. tobagoensis Bitter Habit : Shrub. Habitat: Forests, usually montane. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: E Coast; TRINIDAD: Southern Watershed. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 5: 3% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 6: 20% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Caledonia, Broadway 4523 (BM, NY); Roxborough-Parlatuvier Road, Sandwith 1764 (K). TRINIDAD: Laventille, Crueger s.n. (K); Piedra Blanca, sine coll. (TRIN 14225); Tucuche, Adams 14088 (TRIN); Maracas Heights, Crueger 148 (TRIN 1898); Arima, sine coll. (TRIN 10792); Arima-Blanchisseuse Road, Broadway 6687 (BM), sine coll. (TRIN 14425); Morne Bleu, sine coll. (TRIN 11879). Global range: Lesser Antilles, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia.

Lycium americanum Jacq., Select. Stirp. Amer. Hist. 50 (1763) Syn: Lycium americanum Jacq. var. chrysocarpum Urban & Ekman ; Lycium tweedianum Griseb. var. chrysocarpum (Urban & Ekman) C.L.Hitchc. Habit : Shrub. Habitat: Thickets in dry exposed places. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Chacachacare. RBS Vegetation Classes: Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 6: 10% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Chacachacare, Comeau 1394 (TRIN 32248), Johnson 708 (BM, TRIN 32562), Johnson 748 (BM, TRIN 32524), Johnson 773 (TRIN 32627); Monos Island, Britton et al. (NY). Global range: Bahamas, Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles, United States, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina.

Markea longiflora Miers, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser, 2, 4: 186 (1849) Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forests. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: La Laguna, Purdie s.n. (K). Global range: Venezuela, Guyana, French Guiana, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru.

Nicotiana alata Link & Otto, Icon. Pl. Rar. 1: 63, t. 32 (1830) Exotic.

Nicotiana plumbaginifolia Viv., Elench. Pl. 26 (1802) Exotic.

Nicotiana tabacum L., Sp. Pl. 180 (1753) Exotic.

Petunia axillaris (Lam.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb., Prelim. Cat. New York 38 (1888) Exotic.

Physalis angulata L., Sp. Pl. 1: 183 (1753) Syn: Physalis minima L. Common Name : Hogweed, Topatop. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Waste and cultivated ground. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Chaguanas-Couva; SW Erin-Guapo. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 4: 1% RBS samples); Swamp/marsh (Vegnum 11: 8% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Bacolet, Eggers 5578 (K); Arden, sine coll. (TRIN 11800). TRINIDAD: Chaguanas, sine coll. (TRIN 4207); San Fernando, [Finlay s.n.] (TRIN 1909), Paradise, sine coll. (TRIN 1915); Cedros, sine coll. (TRIN 7192); St. Augustine, sine coll. (TRIN 14785); Matelot, sine coll. (TRIN 6747). Global range: Widespread in the subtropics and tropics.

Physalis cordata Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8., Physalis no. 14 (1768) Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed areas. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Woodbrook, Broadway 6392 (BM, K); St. Clair, sine coll. (TRIN 11539, 11540). Global range: Widespread in Central America and the Caribbean.

Physalis lagascae Roem. & Schult. var. glabrescens O.E.Schulz, Symb. Antill. 6: 147 (1909) Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed areas. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Matelot (TRIN 6747); Nariva Swamp, Ramcharan 116 (TRIN); St. Augustine, Lyonga 35 (TRIN), Grimet & Haggarty 1 (TRIN), Dingle 41 (TRIN). Global range: Widespread in Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean.

Physalis peruviana L., Sp. Pl. (ed. 2) 2: 1670 (1763) Exotic.

Physalis pubescens L., Sp. Pl. 1: 183 (1753) Syn: Physalis turbinata Medik. Habit : Herb. Habitat: Waste and

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cultivated ground. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Mt.St.Benedict-Caura. RBS Vegetation Classes: Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 7: 10% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Mason Hall, Broadway 4505 (BM); Charlotteville-Speyside Road, sine coll. (TRIN 11433). TRINIDAD: Arima-Blanchisseuse Road, sine coll. (TRIN 13584); Aripo Road, sine coll. (TRIN 13585); Chatham, sine coll. (TRIN 8528). Global range: Widespread in Central and South American and the Caribbean.

Solandra grandiflora Sw., Vet. Akad. Handl. Stockh. 8: 300 (1787) Syn: Swartzia grandiflora J.F.Gmel. Common name: Chalice Flower, Chalice Vine. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forests and secondary vegetation. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: between Diego Martin and Tucker Valley, Freeman s.n. (TRIN); Mt. Aripo, sine coll. (TRIN 14442); San Rafael, Baker s.n. (TRIN 14646); Tamana, sine coll. (TRIN 10802); San Fernando, [Finlay s.n.] (TRIN 1910). Global range: Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles, Mexico, Central America, Venezuela, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru.

Solanum acerifolium Dunal, Solan. Syn. 41 (1816) Syn: Solanum quinquangulare Roem. & Schult. Habit : Shrub. Habitat: Roadsides. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Fort George, Crueger s.n. (K); Blanchisseuse, Broadway 7165 (BM, K); Arima-Blanchisseuse Road, Broadway 6467 (BM, K), sine coll. (TRIN 11777), sine coll. (TRIN 13581); Morne Bleu, sine coll. (TRIN 12307). Global range: Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia.

Solanum adhaerens Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. 4: 669 (1819) Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Secondary vegetation and roadsides. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Arima-Blanchisseuse Rd N; Grande Riviere-Matelot ; Southern Watershed. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 3: 3% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 3% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Salem-Charleston Trace, sine coll. (TRIN 4792); Lambeau Hill, Sandwith 1641 (K); Pigeon Hill, Sandwith 1803 (K); North Coast Road, sine coll. (TRIN 14527); Scarborough, sine coll. (TRIN 14512); Mt. Dillon, sine coll. (TRIN 14538); near Hillsborough Dam, Clement & Ryves 375 (BM). TRINIDAD: Woodbrook, Broadway s.n. (BM); Arima-Blanchisseuse Road, Broadway 5979 (BM, K). Global range: Greater Antilles, Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Surinam, French Guiana, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru.

Solanum americanum Mill., Gard. Dict. (ed.8) n.5 (1768) Syn: Solanum nigrum L. var. americanum (Mill.) O.E.Schulz Common name: Agoum, Agouma, Aguma Bhaji, Black Nightshade, Calalu, Chinese Spinach, Gooma, Gouma Bhaji, Makci, Spinach. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Cultivated and waste ground, also on coastal rocks. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Tabaquite-Brickfield. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 5: 3% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Mt. Grace, Broadway 3620 (BM); opposite Melville Island, sine coll. (TRIN 11405, TRIN 11418); Bacolet Point, Sandwith 1703 (K); Scarborough, sine coll. (TRIN 14514); Crown Point, Clement & Ryves 723 (BM). TRINIDAD: Monos, sine coll. (TRIN 7449); Gasparillo, sine coll. (TRIN 8380); Woodbrook, Broadway s.n. (BM); Maracas Bay, Simmonds s.n. (TRIN 14404); Guanapo Heights Road, Adams 13541 (TRIN); Carapichaima, sine coll. (TRIN 5717); San Fernando Hill, [Finlay s.n.] (TRIN 2666); Moruga, sine coll. (TRIN 7588); Los Bajos, sine coll. (TRIN 10892); Erin, sine coll. (TRIN 7334); Cedros, Crueger s.n. (K), sine coll. (TRIN 7186). Global range: Widespread in the subtropics and tropics.

Solanum arboreum Dunal, Solan. Syn. 20 (1816) Syn: Solanum dolichostylum O.E.Schulz Habit : Shrub. Habitat: Damp rocks in ravines in deep shade and in wet, montane forests. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Great Dog River, Eggers 5795 (A, K, MPU, P, US); between Parlatuvier and Bloody Bay, Broadway 4271 (BM); Caledonia, Sandwith 1731 (K). TRINIDAD: Tucuche, Britton et al. 1339 (K); Maracas Falls, Britton et al. 1636 (K), Broadway 5362 (BM, K), sine coll. (TRIN 14357), Johnson 376 (BM, TRIN); Tunapuna, sine coll. (TRIN 14438); Morne Bleu, Williams s.n. (TRIN 11884); Aripo Heights, Broadway s.n. (TRIN 9847). Global range: Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Peru.

Solanum asperum Rich., Act. Soc. Hist. Nat. Par. 1: 107 (1792) Syn: Solanum radula Vahl Habit : Shrub. Habitat: Secondary forest. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Mt.St.Benedict-Caura; NW Peninsular Corner; P.O.S.-Santa Cruz; Rampanalgas-Toco; Tucker-Mt.Catherine. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 4: 5% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 3% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 6: 10% RBS samples; Vegnum 7: 20% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Chacachacare, [Finlay s.n.] (TRIN 1904); Monos, Britton & Mendelson 572 (K); Scotland Bay, Adams 14102 (TRIN); Blue Basin, sine coll.

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(TRIN 5917); St. Anns, sine coll. (TRIN 9199); Mt. St. Benedict to Mt. Tabor, Raynal 15677 (K); Arima, sine coll. (TRIN 13296); Aripo Road, Broadway 5889 (BM, K). Global range: Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Ecuador, Peru.

Solanum bicolor Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. 4: 661 (1819) Syn: Solanum callicarpifolium Kunth & Bouché Common Name : Fei Vian. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Roadsides, hedges and waste ground. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Chaguanas-Couva; SW Icacos-Cedros. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 5: 3% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 7: 20% RBS samples); Swamp/marsh (Vegnum 10: 33% RBS samples; Vegnum 11 8% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Fort Hill, Williams (K, TRIN 11833); Rockley Vale, Broadway 3537 (BM). TRINIDAD: Chacachacare, Johnson 825 (TRIN 32687); Diego Martin, Sine coll. (sine coll. (TRIN 3918); Dibé Valley, sine coll. (TRIN 4766); Maraval, sine coll. (TRIN 5919); Woodbrook, Broadway 6236 (BM, K); San Juan, Adams 13674 (TRIN); St. Augustine, sine coll. (TRIN 13572); Guanapo Heights Road, Adams 13553 (TRIN); Cumuto Road, Riley 90 (BM, K); Caroni, sine coll. (TRIN 13589; Chaguanas, [Finlay s.n.] (TRIN 1903); Mayaro Bay, Raynal 15702 (K); Pitch Lake, Broadway 9015 (BM, K); Cedros, sine coll. (TRIN 7382). Global range: Lesser Antilles, Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia.

Solanum capillipes Britton, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 48: 338 (1922) Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest undergrowth. IUCN: VU. Star: BK. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Catshill-Basse Terre; Central Range. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 4: 3% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Central Range Forest Reserve, Adams 13387 (BM); Ortoire River, Britton et al. 2521 (K, NY, TRIN 10030, US); Moruga, Broadway 7909 (NY), Clubbe s.n. (BM). Global range: Venezuela.

Solanum capsicoides All., Melanges Philos. Math. Soc. Roy. Turin 5: 64 (1773) Syn: Solanum ciliatum Lam. Exotic.

Solanum crinitum Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 2: 20 (1794) Syn: Solanum macranthum Dunal Exotic.

Solanum erianthum D.Don, Prod. Fl. Nep. 96 (1825) Syn: Solanum erianthum D.Don var. adulterinum R.E.D.Baker & N.W.Simmonds ; Solanum hazenii Britton ; Solanum verbascifolium L. var. adulterinum Ham. ex G.Don Common Name : Fei Vian. Exotic.

Solanum erythrotrichum Fernald, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 35: 561 (1900) Syn: Solanum aripoense R.E.D.Baker & Simmonds Habit : Shrub. Habitat: Disturbed areas and clearings in rainforest on clayey soils. IUCN: NT. Star: GN. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Aripo Heights, Baker s.n. (K, TRIN 14151). Global range: Widespread through Central and South America and the Caribbean.

Solanum hirtum Vahl, Symb. Bot. 2: 40 (1791) Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Roadsides and waste ground. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: E Coast; SW Coastal; Scarborough-Plymouth; TRINIDAD: Princes Town; San Fernando; Tabaquite-Brickfield. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 5: 31% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 8: 20% RBS samples); Swamp/marsh (Vegnum 11: 8% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Mason Hall, Williams s.n. (TRIN 11121), Howard 10469 (BM); Store Bay, Williams & Cheesman s.n. (K, TRIN 11690); Fort Hill, Williams s.n. (TRIN 11832); North Coast Road, sine coll. (TRIN 14523); Crown Point, Clement & Ryves 55 (BM). TRINIDAD: Maraval, sine coll. (TRIN 4496); Belmont, sine coll. (TRIN 7883); Laventille, sine coll. (TRIN 4381); Grande Riviere , sine coll. (TRIN 13575); Saddle to Piedra Blanca, Adams 13703 (TRIN); San Fernando, [Finlay s.n.] (TRIN 2669); Palmiste, sine coll. (TRIN 8372); Palo Seco, Britton et al. 1170 (K). Global range: Lesser Antilles, Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Ecuador.

Solanum hyporhodium A.Braun & Bouché, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. App. 10 (1853) Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forests. IUCN: NE. Star: BK. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Without locality. de Schach s.n. (K); Mal d’Estomac, Baptiste s.n. (K, TRIN 4496); Arima-Blanchisseuse Road, Broadway 6223 (K). Global range: Venezuela.

Solanum ierense Britton, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 48: 338 (1922) Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Dry hillsides. Star: GD. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Chacachacare, Britton et al. 2706 (K, NY, TRIN 10029), Williams & Cheesman s.n. (TRIN 11061), Williams s.n. (TRIN 11730), Baker s.n. (TRIN 14896), Philcox & Olivier 7971 (K, TRIN

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23307), Johnson 711 (TRIN 32558), Johnson 930 (TRIN 32885); Monos, Williams s.n. (TRIN). Global range: Venezuela.

Solanum jamaicense Mill., Gard. Dict. (ed.8) 17 (1768) Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Palm islands in savanna; roadsides and waste places. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Caroni; Chaguanas-Couva; Princes Town; Rio Claro-Mayaro; SW Erin-Guapo; SW Icacos-Cedros; San Fernando; Southern Watershed. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 3: 2% RBS samples; Vegnum 4: 5% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 8% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 7: 10% RBS samples); Swamp/marsh (Vegnum 11: 62% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: North Coast Road, sine coll. (TRIN 14526). Global range: Widespread in Central and South America and the Caribbean.

Solanum lanceifolium Jacq., Coll. 2: 286 (1788) Syn: Solanum brachyacanthum Dunal ; Solanum lanceifolium Jacq. var. brachyacanthum (Dunal) O.E.Schulz ; Solanum scabrum Vahl Habit : Climber. Habitat: Forests. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: Little Tobago-St.Giles; TRINIDAD: Chacachacare; Huevos; Monos; NW Peninsular Corner; SW Icacos-Cedros. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 4: 1% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 6% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 6: 70% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Chacachacare, [Finlay s.n.] (TRIN 2663), Baker s.n. (TRIN 14691); Pointe Gourde, Philcox 8081 (BM, K). Global range: Cayman Islands, Virgin Islands, Lesser Antilles, Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela.

Solanum lycopersicum L., Sp. Pl. 185 (1753) Syn: Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. Exotic.

Solanum mammosum L., Sp. Pl. 1: 187 (1753) Common name: Bachelor’s Pear, Young Girl Bubby. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Disturbed areas. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Without locality, [Finlay s.n.] (TRIN 2662). Global range: Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles, Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil., Ecuador, Peru.

Solanum melongena L., Sp. Pl. 186 (1753) Common Name: Baigan, Balangen, Brinjal, Melongene. Exotic.

Solanum pensile Sendtn., Fl. Bras. 10: 50 (1846) Syn: Solanum laetum Miq. ; Solanum sempervirens Dunal Habit : Climber. Habitat: Forests. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Siparia, Britton & Broadway 2820 (K, TRIN 9728); Fyzabad, sine coll. (TRIN 13090). Global range: Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia.

Solanum pentadactylon G.Don, Hort. Brit. 72 (1830) Exotic.

Solanum pseudocapsicum L., Sp. Pl. 184 (1753) Syn: Solanum grisebachianum Kuntze ; Solanum karstenii Dunal Habit : Shrub. Habitat: Waste places. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Chacachacare, Johnson 801 (BM, TRIN 32663); Monos, [Finlay s.n.] (TRIN 1907), sine coll. (TRIN 7443). Global range: Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina, Uruguay.

Solanum schlechtendalianum Walp. Repert. Bot. Syst. 3: 61 (1844) Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forests. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Arima-Blanchisseuse Rd. N. Global range: Widespread through Central and South America and the Caribbean.

Solanum seaforthianum Andrews, Bot. Repos. 8: t.504 (1808) Habit: Climber. Habitat: Hedges and thickets. IUCN: N/A. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: SW Coastal; Scarborough-Plymouth; TRINIDAD: Mt.St.Benedict-Caura; P.O.S.-Santa Cruz; SW Icacos-Cedros. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 4: 1% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 8% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 7: 10% RBS samples; Vegnum 8: 20% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Old Grange, Broadway 4693 (BM); Friendsfield Road, Sandwith 1674 (K). TRINIDAD: Chacachacare, sine coll. (TRIN 8071), Baker s.n. (TRIN 14681), Johnson 841 (TRIN 32676); Port of Spain, sine coll. (TRIN 3834); Chancellor Road, Corstorphine & Corstorphine s.n. (BM); San Fernando Hill, sine coll. (TRIN 10899), Broadway 6369 (BM, K); Palo Seco, sine coll. (TRIN 10886); Erin, sine coll. (TRIN 7328). Global range: Widespread through the Americas.

Solanum sieberi Van Heurck & Müll.Arg., Observ. Bot. (Van Heurck) 56 (1870) Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet

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patches in otherwise dry areas. IUCN: NE. Star: GD. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: NE Coast-Main Ridge F.R. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 4: 1% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Belmont, sine coll. (TRIN 3920); Tucuche, sine coll. (TRIN 6822); St. Joseph Road, sine coll. (TRIN 4792); Tunapuna, Baker s.n. (MO, TRIN 14438; San Souci, Williams s.n. (K, NY, TRIN 11889). Global range: Lesser Antilles, Colombia, Venezuela.

Solanum stramoniifolium Jacq., Misc. Austriac. 2: 298 (1781) Common name: Coco Chat, Dog Teeth, Prick-a- Plant, Wild Tomato. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Roadsides and waste ground. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: Scarborough-Plymouth; TRINIDAD: Arima Valley; Arima-Blanchisseuse Rd N; Caroni; Grande Riviere-Matelot ; Longdenville-Talparo; Matura-Salybia; Nariva; North Central Coast; P.O.S.- Santa Cruz; Rampanalgas-Toco; SW Erin-Guapo; SW Icacos-Cedros; Southern Watershed; Trinity Hills; Tucker-Mt.Catherine. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 3: 11% RBS samples; Vegnum 4: 14% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 11% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 7: 60% RBS samples); Savanna/ plantation (Vegnum 9: 14% RBS samples); Swamp/marsh (Vegnum 11: 8% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Blue Basin, sine coll. (TRIN 5195); Woodbrook, Broadway s.n. (BM); Belmont, sine coll. (TRIN 7847); Chancellor Road, Broadway 7786 (BM); Arima-Blanchisseuse Road, sine coll. (TRIN 13582); Oropuche Local Road, Broadway 6195 (BM, K); Salibea, Raynal 15554 (K, P); Cedros, sine coll. (TRIN 7289). Global range: Central America, Venezuela, Guianas, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia.

Solanum subinerme Jacq., Enum. Pl. Carib. 15 (1760) Syn: Solanum heterophyllum Lam. ; Solanum juripeba Rich. Habit : Shrub. Habitat: Hedges and waste ground; open savanna. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: E Coast; TRINIDAD: SW Icacos-Cedros. RBS Vegetation Classes: Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 6: 10% RBS samples; Vegnum 7: 10% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Maraval, sine coll. (TRIN 5924), sine coll. (TRIN 5986); St. Clair, sine coll. (TRIN 3587); Laventille, sine coll. (TRIN 4691); St. Augustine, sine coll. (TRIN 13578); Morne Bleu, sine coll. (TRIN 11565); Piarco Savanna, sine coll. (TRIN 13577); Aripo Savanna, sine coll. (TRIN 5099); Melajo Reserve, sine coll. (TRIN 13576); Sangre Grande, sine coll. (TRIN 9431); Chaguanas, sine coll. (TRIN 3711); Pitch Lake, Corstorphine & Corstorphine (BM); Cedros, [Finlay s.n.] (TRIN 1906). Global range: Lesser Antilles, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia.

Solanum tobagense (Sandwith) Bohs, Repert. Bot. Syst. 5: 579 (1847) Syn: Cyphomandra tobagensis Sandwith Habit : Tree. Habitat: Forests. IUCN: LC. Star: BU. Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Englishman’s Bay, Broadway 3879 (K); Bloody Bay-Roxborough Road, Swabey s.n. (TRIN 12955), Cowan 1476 (GH, NY, US), Kalloo B1061 (NY); Roxborough-Parlatuvier Road, Sandwith 1773 (K). Global range: Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru.

Solanum torvum Sw., Prodr. 47 (1788) Common name: Shushumber, Susumba. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Roadsides and waste places; palm marsh. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: NE Coast-Main Ridge F.R.; SW Coastal; TRINIDAD: San Fernando. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 4: 1% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 7: 10% RBS samples; Vegnum 8: 20% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Parlatuvier, Broadway 4594 (BM, K); Scarborough, Williams & Cheesman s.n. (K, TRIN 11678); Store Bay, Williams & Cheesman (K, TRIN 11689); Fort Hill, sine coll. (TRIN 11836); Hope, Baker s.n. (TRIN 14534); Crown Point, Clement & Ryves 97 (BM). TRINIDAD: Woodbrook, Broadway s.n. (BM); Laventille, sine coll. (TRIN 4556); St. Augustine, sine coll. (TRIN 14268); Melajo Reserve, sine coll. (TRIN 13574); San Fernando, sine coll. (TRIN 11763). Global range: Widespread in the tropics and subtropics.

Solanum triste Jacq., Enum. Syst. Pl. Carib. 15 (1760) Syn: Solanum cataractae Britton Habit : Tree. Habitat: Rocky gorges. IUCN: NE. Star: GD. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Maracas Waterfall, Britton et al. 1641 (NY, TRIN 9492, US); Maracas Falls, Johnson 372 (BM), Johnson 373 (BM, TRIN). Global range: Lesser Antilles, Venezuela.