Orthemis Hagen, 1861

Mauffray, William F. & Tennessen, Kenneth J., 2019, A Catalogue and Historical Study of the Odonata of Ecuador, Zootaxa 4628 (1), pp. 1-265 : 188-192

Orthemis Hagen, 1861

A species-rich New World genus with 28 species of which 12 are recorded for Ecuador with mention of one more possibly occurring here. The most recent taxonomic treatments were by von Ellenrieder (2009b, 2013a). This is a diverse group color-wise ( Figs. 106a, b, c ) that inhabits open and forested pools depending on species, often with muddy water and/or substrate, sometimes in slow streams.

Orthemis aequilibris Calvert, 1909 . Publ. Recs. OR: *von Ellenrieder (2012). Also BOL, BRA, COL, GUF, GUY, PRY, PER, SUR, VEN: (H06); plus ARG, CEN: (P16).

Note: The von Ellenrieder (2012) record is a casual mention in a general discussion about the sympatry of Orthemis species noted at the T.B.S.

* Orthemis aciculata von Ellenrieder, 2012 . Publ. Recs. BRA, CEN, PER, SUR, TTO: von Ellenrieder (2012), (P16).

Addl. Data. SU: Cuyabeno Reserve, 16.7 km E of Cuyabeno village, 3 km SE of Cuyabeno Lodge, no date provided, data provided by WAH & DLW; Nicky Lodge, 8.6 km NW of Playas de Cuyabeno village, 120 km SE of Lago Agrio (215m), no date provided, data provided by WAH & DLW.

Orthemis ambirufa Calvert, 1909 . Publ. Recs. ECU: (H14), (P16); * EO: Piedras (-3.63, -79.92), 6 vii 1941, leg. D.B. Laddey [USNM], von Ellenrieder (2012). Also ARG, BRA, GUF, SUR, VEN: (H06), von Ellenrieder (2012); plus BOL, COL: von Ellenrieder (2012).

Orthemis biolleyi Calvert, 1906 . Publ. Recs. ECU: Campos (1925), Navás (1923), Paulson (1983), Tsuda (1986, 1991), (H06), (P11), (H14); GY: * Ris (1910); NA: Daigle (1996); OR: Tennessen (1996b), von Ellenrieder & Garrison (2011). Also BOL, BRA, CEN, COL, GUF, GUY, PER, SUR, TTO, VEN: (H06), (P11).

Addl. Data. EO, Piñas: 10 km SE towards Portovelo (-3.72, -79.67, 610m), 3 vii 1989, leg. R. Miller, det. GHB [FSCA]; GY, Guayaquil: 1 ♀, Guayaquil (-2.7333, -79.7500, 17m), date?, leg.?, det. Ris, data provided by RWG; MN, El Carmen: 1 ♀, El Carmen, leg. & det.? [QZAC]; MS, Huamboya: 2 ♂♂, Macas, 58 km N on Hwy . 45 (70 km N of Sucua), roadside ditch and tribs. near Río Pasanac (-1.9447, -77.8536, 762m), 10 xi 1997, leg. & det. WFM [FSCA, QZAC]; 7 ♂♂, same data but 16 ix 2005, leg. & det. WFM [FSCA, JJD, QZAC, USNM]; 2 ♂♂, Río Pasanac forest pools, 57 km N of Macas, Hwy. 45, 10 xi 1997, leg. & det. JJD [JJD]; NA, Archidona: photo, 1 ♂, Archidona, a few miles W at entrance to Playa Bosque Reserve , deep, semi-shaded, fishless hand-dug pond, 11 vii 2011, photo by Jerry Johnson, det. SWD; El Chaco: 1 ♂, stream, 52 km NE of Chaco, 18 viii 1980, leg. & det. SWD [SWD]; Tena: 2 ♂♂, J. S.B. S., near Tena (-1.0500, -77.7833, 450m), 4–29 xi 1994, leg. A. Jaramillo, det. DRP [DRP]; 2 ♀♀, same data but 16 x 1988, leg. & det. SWD [SWD]; 1 ♀, pond, Puyo Road, 11 km S of Río Napo (500m), 21 vii 1996, leg. & det. KJT [KJT]; 1 ♂, pond along Puyo-Tena Road (-1.1150, -77.8083, 600m), 12 xi 1997, leg. & det. TWD [SWD]; OR, Francisco de Orellana: 3 ♂♂, pond, road to Waorani Reserve, 5.6 km S of turn to Yasuni Sci. Res. Sta. , 10 vi 1995, leg. & det. KJT [JJD, KJT]; 2 ♀♀, P.N.Y., 8 km N of Waorani Road on Yasuni Road , palm swamp just S of Río Bogi 2 Este [km marker 42.3], (-0.6734, -76.4397), 12 vi 1995, leg. & det. WFM [FSCA, JJD]; 1 ♂, swamp, P.N.Y. (-0.6508, -76.3558, 200m), 15 xi 1997, leg. & det. KJT [KJT]; 1 ♂, same data but 16 xi 1997, leg. & det. TWD [SWD]; 1 ♂, P.N.Y., 2.3 km E of Yasuni Biological Research Sta. , small stream (-0.67, -76.37, 200m), 9 vi 1995, leg. & det. WFM [FSCA]; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same data but leg. & det. SWD [SWD]; 5 ♂♂, 1 ♀, P.N.Y., 2.1 km E of Yasuni Biological Research Sta., pond and swamp (-0.6741, -76.3685, 244m), 15–16 xi 1997, leg. & det. WFM [FSCA, LSAM, QZAC, USNM]; 1 ♂, P.N.Y., Yasuni Biological Research Sta. along trails and roads within 5 km of Res. Sta. (-0.6719, -76.3992, 244m), 18 vii 1996, leg. & det. WFM [QZAC]; 1 ♂, P.N.Y., 5.6 km W of Yasuni Road on PC 29-30, small stream/swamp (-0.38, -76 30), 10 vi 1995, leg. & det. SWD [SWD]; 1 ♂, T. B.S., USFQ, Mauritia palm swamp off Guacamayo trail at marker 2100 (-0.6331, -76.1628, 220m), 20 i 2009, leg. & det. RWG & NVE [NVE]; 1 ♀, T. B.S., USFQ, open grassy area behind dining room, surrounded by bushes and trees and some seepage areas (-0.6383, -76.1492, 220m), 11 i 1009, leg. & det. RWG & NVE [NVE]; La Joya de los Sachas: 1 ♂, Pompeya, 0.5 km W of Puerto Pompeya Ferry Landing roadside ditches (-0.4444, - 76.6263, 238m), 19 vii 1996, leg. & det. WFM [LSAM]; Loreto: 1 ♂, trail 12 km NE of Loreto (-0.6217, -77.2600, 365m), 15 x 2009, leg. & det. KJT [KJT]; PC, San Miguel Bancos: 1 ♂, upper Mindo Valley, ix 2004, photo by M. Read; SD: 1 ♂, Alloriquin , i 1983, leg. & det.? [QZAC]; SU, Shushufindi: 1 ♂, Limoncocha, Río Napo (-0.4000, -76.6167, 296m), 10 xi 1980, leg. & det. MJW[FSCA]; 1 ♀, same data but lake shore 12 viii 1972, leg. E. Stiles, det. DRP [DRP]; 1 ♀, Shushufindi , 2 km S of Yamaramsuku School on Limoncocha Road, stream and marsh (- 0.2147, -76.6494, 255m), 19 vii 1996, leg. & det. WFM [QZAC]; 1 ♂, near Río Blanco , S of Shushufindi , 19 vii 1996, leg. & det. KJT [KJT]; 1 ♂, trails, small streams 3 km W of Shushufindi, 2+ km N off Hwy. 26 at km marker 17 (-0.1664, -76.6917, 290m), 13 x 2009, leg. & det. JTJ [JTJ]; 1 ♀, La Selva, Manicocha , 12 x 1988, leg. & det. SWD [SWD]; 1 ♂, NW of Shushufindi , shallow mud bottom pond, (-0.1647 -76.6880, 273m), 28 x 2013, leg. & det. CDK [FSCA].

Orthemis cinnamomea von Ellenrieder, 2009 . Publ. Recs. ECU: (P11), (H14). OR: von Ellenrieder (2012) SU: von Ellenrieder (2009b, 2012). Also PER: von Ellenrieder (2009, 2012), (P16).

Addl. Data. OR: Llanchama village , Río Tiputini, 16 km W of Tiputini village (205m), no date provided, data provided by WAH & DLW; SU, Shushufindi : 1 paratype ♂, Limoncocha, lake edge (-0.4000, -76.6167, 269m), 13 i 1972, leg. D. Pearson, det. NVE [DRP]; 1 paratype ♀, same data but 16 i 1972 [DRP]; 1 paratype ♂, same data but 20 ii 1972 [RWG]; Nicky Lodge , 8.6 km NW of Playas de Cuyabeno village, 120 km SE of Lago Agrio (215m), no date provided, data provided by WAH & DLW.

Orthemis coracina von Ellenrieder, 2009 . Publ. Recs. ECU: (P11), (H14); SU: * von Ellenrieder (2009— Holotype ♂: Limoncocha, forest edge (-0.24, -76.36, 300m), 23 vii 1977, leg. DRP, [USNM]. Also BRA, COL, PER, SUR: von Ellenrieder (2012), (P16).

Orthemis cultriformis ( Hagen, 1861) . Publ. Recs. ECU: Navás (1923), Campos (1925), Santos (1967c), Paulson (1983), Tsuda (1986, 1991), (H06), (P11), (H14); MS: von Ellenrieder (2012); NA: Daigle (1996), von Ellenrieder (2012); OR: Tennessen (1996b), von Ellenrieder & Garrison (2011), von Ellenrieder (2012); PA: * Ris (1910). SU: Donnelly (1998). Also ARG, BOL, BRA, CEN, COL, GUF, GUY, PRY, PER, SUR, TTO, VEN: (H06), (P11).

Addl. Data. ES, Esmeraldas: [IRSNB]; MS, Gualaquiza: [ANSP, FSCA]; Huamboya: [KJT]; NA, Tena: [DRP, FSCA, JJD, JTJ, LSAM, KJT, QZAC, RWG, SWD, SWD]; OR, Francisco de Orellana: [FSCA, KJT, LSAM, NVE, QZAC, SWD, TWD, USFQ, USNM]; Loreto: [JTJ]; PA, Mera: [KJT]; SU, Lago Agrio: [FSCA, SWD]; Shushufindi: [DRP, FSCA, KJT]; ZC, El Pangui: [FSCA, KJT, QZAC]; Yantzaza: [FSCA].

Orthemis discolor (Selys, 1857) . Publ. Recs. ECU: Selys (1875—as Libellula discolor ), Racenis (1954), (P11), (H14); CR: Campos (1922); CB: Calvert (1906), Campos (1922); EO: Campos (1927); ES: Campos (1922); GY: * Hagen (1861), Ris (1910), Campos (1922); IM: Daigle et al. (1997); LR: Campos (1922); NA: Daigle (1996); OR: von Ellenrieder & Garrison (2011); PC: Ris (1910), Campos (1922). Also ARG, BOL, BRA, CEN, CHL, COL, GUF, GUY, PRY, PER, SUR, TTO, URY, VEN: (H06), (P11).

Addl. Data. CN, La Troncal: [KJT]; CB, Cumandá: [FSCA]; Pallatanga: [ANSP]; EO, Piñas: [ACRP]; ES, Quininde: [QZAC]; San Lorenzo: [ANSP, KJT, LSAM, QZAC, USNM]; GY, Naranjal: [FSCA]; Guayaquil: [FSCA]; IM, Cotacachi: [KJT]; Ibarra: [FSCA, JJD, KJT, QZAC]; LR, Buena Fé: [FSCA]; Quevedo: [JJD]; MN, El Carmen: [JJD, QZAC]; Jipijapa: [FSCA]; Portoviejo: [JJD]; MS, Gualaquiza: [ANSP, FSCA]; Huamboya: [FSCA]; Morona: [FSCA]; Santiago: [FSCA, KJT, LSAM, QZAC, TWD, USNM]; NA, Archidona: [FSCA, QZAC]; El Chaco: [FSCA]; Tena: [ANSP, DRP, FSCA, QZAC]; OR, Francisco de Orellana: [FSCA, KJT, NVE, TWD, QZAC, USFQ, USNM]; Loreto: [QZAC]; PA, Santa Clara: [FSCA]; PC, Mejías: [QZAC]); San Miguel Bancos: [DRP, QZAC]; SD: [DRP, FSCA, JJD. QZAC]; SU, Shushufindi: [DRP, FSCA, KJT]; ZC, El Pangui: [FSCA]; Zamora: [FSCA, JJD, JTJ, KJT, LSAM].

Note: All records prior to 1996 are listed as “ Orthemis ferruginea ” except Hagen (1861); specimens from Ecuador labeled as O. ferruginea should be O. discolor .

Orthemis paulsoni von Ellenrieder, 2012 . Publ. Recs. ECU: (H14); OR: * von Ellenrieder (2012); SU: von Ellenrieder (2012—holoytpe ♂: forest trail about 3 km W of Shushufindi (-0.1664, -76.6917, 290m), 14 x 2009, leg. KJT [FSCA]). Also PER: von Ellenrieder (2012); plus BOL ( P16 ).

Addl. Data. SU, Shushufindi : 1 ♂, trail 3 km NW of Shushufindi (-0.1664, -76.6917, 290m), 13 x 2009, leg. & det. KJT [KJT]; 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀, same data but 14 x 2009 [KJT]; 1 ♂, trails, small streams 3 km W of Shushufindi, 2+ km N off Hwy. 26 at km marker 17 (-. 0.1664, -76.6917, 290m), 13 x 2009, leg. & det. JTJ [JTJ].

Orthemis regalis Ris, 1910 . Publ. Recs. ECU: (H06), (P11), *von Ellenrieder (2012), (H14). Also BRA, PER, SUR, VEN: (H06), (P11), von Ellenrieder (2012); plus (GUF): (P16).

Addl. Data. SU, Shushufindi : 1 ♀, Limoncocha, forest trail (-0.4000, -76.6167, 269m), 14 xii 1971, leg. D. Pearson, det. DRP, checked by RWG [DRP].

Orthemis schmidti Buchholz, 1950 . Publ. Recs. ECU: (H06), (P11), (H14); NA: Daigle (1996), von Ellenrieder (2009); (P11), OR: * Tennessen (1996b), von Ellenrieder & Garrison (2011), von Ellenrieder (2012). Also BOL, BRA, GUF, PER, SUR, VEN, TTO: (H06), (P11); Plus CEN: (P11).

Addl. Data. CT, Sigchos: 1 ♂, San Francisco de las Pampas Road between Naranjito-San Francisco de Las Pampas (-0.42, -79.0, 1500m), 1 v 1999, leg. L. Torres, det.? [QZAC]; 2 ♀♀, same data but 14 v 1999, leg. E. Tapia, det.? [FSCA]; MS, Morona: 1 ♂, Macas, 15 km W on Guamote Road, small stream and roadside seepage pools. 15 ix 2005, leg. WFM, det. JJD [JJD]; NA, Tena: 3 ♂♂, Puerto Napo 5.3 km E of Hwy. 45 on J.S.B.S. Road, Río Sinde (-1.0500, -77.7481, 450m), 13 vii 1996, leg. & det. WFM [FSCA, LSAM, QZAC]; 1 ♂, same data but leg. & det. JJD [DRP]; 1 ♂, same data but leg. & det. KJT [FSCA]; 3 ♂♂, Puerto Napo, 3.2 km E on J.S.B.S. Road, ponds and flowing marsh, 23 vii 1996, leg. & det. WFM [FSCA, JJD, USNM]; 1 ♂, same data but leg. & det. SWD [NVE]; OR, Francisco de Orellana: 1 ♂, trib. of Río Payamino, road to Loreto, 1.7 km W of jct. with Coca Road (-0.4367, -77.0017, 258m), 13 vi 1995, leg. & det. KJT [KJT]; 1 ♂, same data but leg. & det. WFM [JJD]; 2 ♂♂, same data but 18 xi 1997, leg. & det. TWD [SWD]; 1 ♂, same data but leg. & det. JJD [JJD]; 2 ♂♂, swamp pond at km 8, S of Río Napo on Yasuni Road , 11 vi 1995, leg. & det. SWD [JJD]; 4 ♂♂, grassy swamp, Yasuni Road , km marker 31, near Río Savaleto 2, Yasuni Preserve, 12 vi 1995, leg. & det. KJT [JJD, KJT]; 1 ♀, stream, PC 29-30 Road, 1.8 km W of Yasuni Road, 10 vi 1995, leg. & det. KJT [KJT]; 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, P.N.Y., Yasuni Biological Research Sta., along trails and roads within 5 km of Res. Sta., (-0.6719, -76.3992, 244m), 18 vii 1996, leg. & det. WFM [FSCA, LSAM, USNM]; 1 ♀, T. B.S., USFQ, open grassy area behind dining room, surrounded by bushes and trees and some seep- age area (-0.6383, -76.1492, 220m), 10 i 2009, leg. & det. RWG & NVE [NVE]; ZC: Zamora: Road from Zamora to Podocarpus National Park , (948m), leg. & det. C. Willigalla.

Orthemis sulphurata Hagen, 1868 . Publ. Recs. ECU: Calvert (1909), Tsuda (1986), (H06), (P11), (H14); CR: Campos (1922); CB: Campos (1922); GY: * Hagen (1868 — ♀ type, Guayaquil), Calvert (1899), Ris (1910), Cam- pos (1922), Donnelly (2001), Tennessen & Johnson (2008). Also PER: Hoffman (2009); TTO, VEN?, ( H06 ); plus (CEN).

Addl. Data. BO, Caluma: 1 ♂, small forested stream 9 km E of Caluma, 5 iii 2010, leg. & det. JTJ [JJD]; EO, Arenillas: 1 ♂, farm pond, 11 km S of Arenillas, road to Alamar (95m), 10 iv 2008, leg. KJT, det. JJD [JJD]; Piñas : 1 ♂, 10 km SE of Piñas, 3 vii 1989, leg. R. Miller & L. Stange, det. JJD [JJD]; Santa Rosa: 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, stream and associated pond, wetland about 12 km E of Arenillas, Hwy. 25 (-3.5244, -79.9831, 30m), 29 iii 2008, leg. & det. JTJ [JTJ]; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same data but leg. & det. KJT [KJT]; 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀, same data but 9 iv 2008 [JJD, KJT]; ES, Esmeraldas: Esmeraldas, SW at muddy stream, 19 vii 1977, leg. & det. DRP [DRP]; GY, Balao, 2 ♂♂, small stream/ditches in banana plantation, about 2 km E of Hwy. 25 near Balao Jct. (-2.9100, -79.6919, 70m), 28 iii 2008, leg. & det. JTJ [JJD, JTJ]; 1 ♂, same data but leg. KJT [JJD]; Guayaquil: 1 ♀, Guayaquil (-2.20, -79.90, 8m), date?, leg. F. Cam- pos, det. P. Calvert [FSCA]; Naranjal: 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Bucay (-2.2, -79.18, 233m), viii, leg. F. Campos, det. P. Calvert [FSCA, USNM]; 1 ♂, Horned Screamer Reserve , 5 miles E of Cerro Mas Vale (10m), 10 ii 2001, leg. F. Sibley, det. RWG [RWG]; 1 ♀, flooded fields just W of Fundacion Andrate (-2.3833, -79.6333, 10m), 14 ii 2001, leg. F. Sibley, det. TWD [RWG]; 1 ♀, Cerro Mas Vale, small pond at base of north flank (-2.3833 -79.6333, 10m), 14 ii 2001, leg. F. Sibley, det. TWD [RWG]; 1 ♂, Cerritos just W of Fundacion Andrate, flooded field (-2.3918, -79.6283, 9m), 14 ii 2001, leg. Fred C Sibley, det. TWD [FSCA]; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Fundación Andrate, Mas Vale area thorn scrub (15m), 13 xi 2001, leg. F. Sibley, det. TWD [DRP]; 3 ♂♂, 1 tan. pair, Cerro Mas Vale Fundacion Andrate (-2.40, -79.63, 15m), 14 xi 2001, leg. F. Sibley, det. TWD [FSCA]; 1 ♂, Finca de la Gringa , 15 km E of Tres Cerritos (-2.4456, -79.5556, 25m), 12 iv 2008, leg. & det. KJT [KJT]; LJ, Macará: 2 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀, Macará (-4.38, -79.95, 400m), date?, F. Cam- pos R., det. MJW [ANSP, FSCA, JJD]; LR, Buena Fé: 1 ♀, [Consumulo], S Río Palenque (-0.58, -79.35, 175m), 12 vi 1974, leg. J. Longino, det.? [FSCA]; 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, same data but 12–18 viii 1975 [FSCA]; Quevedo: 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, small stream 5 km E of E25/ Formisa cutoff, 23 ii 2010, leg. & det. JJD [JJD]; Urdaneta : 8 ♂♂, ditches/pools 2.8 km E of Hwy. E25 (-1.5217, -79.5000, 35m), 21 ii 2010, leg. & det. JJD [JJD]; Ventanas: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, pond/stream 7.2 km E of Hwy. E25 or 9 km SW of Quinzaloma , 21 ii 2010, leg. & det. JJD [JJD]; MN, Pedernales: 2 ♂♂, Río Nalpe, 3 km E of El Achote, road to Pedernales , 28 ii 2010, leg. & det. JJD [JJD]; 5 ♂♂, small stream 2 km E of Pedernales , 28 ii 2010, leg. & det. JJD [JJD]; PC, San Miguel Bancos: 2 ♂♂, Pedro Vicente Maldonado, road to Río Silanche Preserve , forested & open streams, (about 500m), 1 vii 2008, leg. & det. DRP [DRP]; SD: 1 ♂, Santo Domingo de los Colorados , 6 iii 1973, leg. M. Deyrup, det. DRP [DRP]; 1 ♂, Tinalandia, 12 km E of Santo Domin- go de los Colorados , 11 v 1986, leg. G. Edwards, det. JJD [JJD]; 1 ♂, pineapple vendor puddle, Parroquia luz de America town , 24 ii 2010, leg. & det. JJD [JJD].

Figures

FIGURE 106a. Orthemis discolor ♀, ECUADOR, Sucumbíos Province, near Shushufindi, 14 x 2009; photo J. T. Johnson.