Rhionaeschna Förster, 1909

Mauffray, William F. & Tennessen, Kenneth J., 2019, A Catalogue and Historical Study of the Odonata of Ecuador, Zootaxa 4628 (1), pp. 1-265 : 124-127

Rhionaeschna Förster, 1909

A large genus (42 species), mainly found at higher elevations, over 1000 m. Adults are variously patterned with markings of blue, green, yellow, gray and black ( Fig. 66 ). The recent revision by von Ellenrieder (2003a) covers all 11 species occurring in Ecuador. A wide variety of habitats are utilized, including ponds, marshes, and small seeps to slow pools in small to mid-sized streams. Some species are relatively abundant.

Rhionaeschna absoluta ( Calvert, 1952) . Publ. Recs. IM: * von Ellenrieder (2003a). Also ARG, CHL, PER, URY: (H06), (P11).

Addl. Data. IM, Ibarra: adult, Salinas (0.55, -78.1333, 1544m), leg. KJT, det. NVE [KJT].

Rhionaeschna biliosa (Kennedy, 1938) . Publ. Recs. ECU: Paulson (1983), Tsuda (1991), Steinmann (1997b—as Aeshna biliosa ), (H06), (P11), (H14); MN: von Ellenrieder (2003a); TU: *Kennedy (1938b—Holotype: La ventana near Baños” [Baños], (2000m), v 1936, leg. WCM UMMZ]; Kennedy (1939d—Allotype: Baños, El Trablon (2000m), 28 x 1938, leg. WCM [ANSP]), Calvert (1956), Bridges (1993), Garrison et al. (2003), von Ellenrieder (2003a). Also PER: (H06), (P11).

Addl. Data. MN, no other data, det. CHK, data provided by RWG [UMMZ]; TU, Baños: 1 ♂, Baños, Runtun Lake (-1.40, -78.42, 2200m), 6 vi 1939, leg.?, det. WFM [FSCA]; 1 ♂, Santa Rosa [probably Baños, Lake Run- tun] (-1.2833, -78.6667, 2900m), ix 1948, leg. WCM, det. NVE, from UMMZ [NVE]; 1 ♂, same data but xi 1948 [RWG]; 1 ♀, Baños, Río Ulba (-1.4 -78.3667, 3778m), date?, leg.?, det. NVE from UMMZ [RWG]; adults, San- tiago Pillaro Chaupi, Mt. Tungurahua (-1.1, -78.65, 2600–3500m), leg.?, det. P. Calvert 1956 [ANSP].

Rhionaeschna brevicercia ( Muzón & von Ellenrieder, 2001) . Publ. Recs. ECU: Paulson (2004a), (H06), (P11), (H14); ES: * Muzón & von Ellenrieder (2001), von Ellenrieder (2003a); IM: * Muzón & von Ellenrieder (2001), von Ellenrieder (2003a); NA: von Ellenrieder (2003a); MN: * Muzón & von Ellenrieder (2001), von Ellenrieder (2003a); PC: * Muzón & von Ellenrieder (2001 — Holotype ♂: as Aeshna brevicercia , [San Miguel Bancos], between Calacali and Nanegalito, about 30 km W of Quito, 2000m, 4 xi 1990, leg. OSF [USNM]); SD: * Muzón & von Ellenrieder (2001 — Allotype ♀: “as Pichincha ”, 24 i 1988, leg. Morales [NMNHL]; Muzón (2007); TU: Tennessen (2006), von Ellenrieder (2003a). Also COL, VEN: (H06), (P11).

Addl. Data. IM, Cotacachi: 1 ♀, Santa Rosa, El Refugio de Intag Cloud Forest Lodge, south along road at, roadside seeps (0.3675, -78.4716, 1845m), 28 viii 2018, leg. & det. KJT [KJT]; Otavalo: 1 ♂, Otavalo, ESE Lago San Pablo (0.20, -78.22, 2800m), 11 xii 1998, leg. H. Werning, det. NVE [QZAC]; NA, Archidona : 1 ♂, [Sa- rayacu], 13.5 km N of Narupa on Baeza Hwy., along road (-0.65, -77.78, 1676m), 14 vii 1996, leg. & det. WFM [FSCA]; 1 ♂, [Sarayacu] 12.8 km N of Narupa on Baeza Hwy., small shallow sandy stream (-0.67, -77.78, 1585m), 14 vii 1996, leg. & det. WFM [FSCA]; 1 ♀, Cosanga S on Hwy. 45, 26.7 km N of Narupa, road side ditch and seeps (-0.6017, -77.8338, 2240m), 19 xi 1997, leg. & det. WFM [FSCA]; Quijos: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Baeza, 4.8–5.0 km S, small clear streams and seeps (-0.4761, -77.8711, 1830m), 20 xi 1997, leg. & det. WFM [FSCA]; 1 ♂, same data but leg. & det. TWD [SWD]; 1 ♂, small stream, 5 km S of Baeza (-0.4758, -77.8714, 1825m), 10 v 2009, leg. S. Ingley & KJT, det. KJT [FSCA]; TU, Baños : 1 ♀, Ulba S along road to Runtun, small seepage/ Eleocharis marsh (-1.4074, -78.4067, 1990m), 13 ix 2005, leg. & det. WFM [FSCA].

Note: Specimens of this species were often labeled A. brevifrons or A. intricata prior to Muzón & von Ellenrie- der (2001). The majority of known collection localities can be found in Muzón & von Ellenrieder (2001).

Rhionaeschna cornigera (Brauer, 1865) . Publ. Recs. ECU: * Ris (1918), Campos (1922 —“por Dr. Martin”), Calvert (1947a), Dunkle (1981), Paulson (1983), Tsuda (1986, 1991), Steinmann (1997b—as Aeshna cornigera cornigera ), (H06), (P11), (H14); AZ: von Ellenrieder (2003a); BO: von Ellenrieder (2003a), CB: Calvert (1956), von Ellenrieder (2003a); EO: Calvert (1956), von Ellenrieder (2003a); LJ: von Ellenrieder (2003a); MS: Tennessen (2006); LR: Calvert (1956); NA: Tennessen (1996b), Daigle (1996), Tennessen (1998), von Ellenrieder (2003a); PA: Calvert (1956), von Ellenrieder (2003a); PC: von Ellenrieder (2003a); SU: von Ellenrieder (2003a); TU: Calvert (1956), von Ellenrieder (2003a). Also BOL, CEN, COL, PER, VEN: (H06), (P11).

Addl, Data. BO, San Miguel: [RWG]; CB, Alausí: [RWG]; Cumandá: [RWG]; Pallatanga: [RWG]; EO, Piñas: [RWG]; IM, Cotocachi: [FSCA, KJT, USFQ]; LJ, Loja: [RWG]; MS, Morona: [KJT, UMMZ]; NA, Archidona: [FSCA, JJD, KJT, QZAC, RWG, SWD]; El chaco: [SWD]; Quijos: [FSCA, JJD, KJT, LSAM, QZAC, SWD, SWD]; OR, Loreto: [FSCA JJD]; PA, Mera: [FSCA, RWG]; PC, Quito: [ACRP, RWG]; San Miguel: [NVE, RWG, QZAC]; SU, Gonzalo Pizarro: [QZAC]; TU, Baños: [ANSP, RWG]; ZA,Zamora: (C. Willigalla).

Rhionaeschna elsia ( Calvert, 1905) . Publ. Recs. ECU: (H06), (H14); IM: Daigle et al. (1997). Also CHL, PER: (H06), (P11).

Addl. Data. IM, Ibarra: 1 ♀, Salinas 1.5 km E small stream (0.4853, -78.1333, 1615m), 2 ii 1997, leg. & det. WFM [FSCA]; 1 ♀, same data but 6 ii 1997, leg. & det. KJT [KJT]; 1 ♂, pools/stream near sugarcane fields 0.5 km S of Salinas on road to Lita , 2 ii 1997, leg. & det. JJD [JJD].

Rhionaeschna galapagoensis ( Currie, 1901) . Publ. Recs. ECU: Tsuda (1986, 1991), (H06), (P11), GA, San Cristobal: * Currie (1901), Needham (1904), Martin (1908, 1911), Campos (1922), Schmidt (1938), Calvert (1956), Asahina (1961), Gloger (1964), Turner (1967), Belle (1990), Peck (1992), all as Aeshna galapagoensis ; von Ellenrieder (2003a), Cordero–Rivera et al. (2016); Isabela: Peck (1992), Santa Cruz: Peck (1992).

Note: Endemic to the Galapagos; Peck (1992) recorded it from all cantons in “arid to pampa zones with larval collections reported from brackish lagoons.” Specific locality data can be found in Peck (1992) and other references listed above.

Rhionaeschna intricata Martin, 1908 . Publ. Recs. ECU: Martin (1908, 1911), Paulson (1983), Tsuda (1986, 1991), Steinmann (1997b—as Aeshna intricata ), (H06), (P11), (H14); CB: von Ellenrieder (2003a); NA: Tennessem (1998), PC: Martin (1908 — LECTOTYPE: [Quito], Nanegal (00.70, -78.40, 2093m), date?, data provided by NVE [IRSNB]), Calvert (1956); Muzón & von Ellenrieder (2001); TU: Calvert (1956) [could be R. brevicercia ]. Also PER: (H06), (P11); plus COL: (H11).

Addl. Data. CB, Alausí: adults, Guasuntos (-2.2167, -78.8167, 2833m), date?, checked by Muzón & NVE [NMNHL]; Pallatanga: adults, Pallatanga (-1.9833, -78.95, 2248m), checked by Muzón & NVE [ANSP, NMNHL]; LJ, Loja: 1 ♂, stream and waterfall, 14 km S of Vilcabamba at Hwy. 39 (-4.3439 -79.1834), 17 viii 2006, leg. & det. JCA, checked by NVE [UTIC]; PC, Quito: adults, Quito (-0.2167, -78.5000, 2763m), checked by Muzón & NVE [ANSP].

Note: According to von Ellenrieder (2003a), most specimens in Martin’s type series were R. brevicercia . Previous records for ARG, BRA, CEN, CHL, and VEN are for other species.

Rhionaeschna joannisi ( Martin, 1897) . Publ. Recs. ECU: Paulson (1983), Tsuda (1991), Steinmann (1997b—as Aeshna joannisi ), (H06), (P11), Bota-Sierra (2014a), (H14); LJ: Tennessen & Johnson (2008); NA: von Ellenrieder (2003a); PA: * Calvert (1956), De Marmels (2001b), von Ellenrieder (2003a); PC: von Ellenrieder (2003a). Also COL, BOL: (H06), (P11); plus VEN: (H06).

Addl. Data. CT, Sigchos: 1 ♂, Los Libres (2000m), 5 xi 1994, leg. S. Espinoza, det. KJT [KJT]; IM, Cotacachi: 1 ♂, Santa Rosa, Ruta Siempre Verde, seeps and bog (0.3672, -78.4378, 2226m), 28 viii 2018, leg. & det. KJT [KJT]; LJ, Loja: 1 ♂, pond, entrance to Podocarpus Natl. Park (-4.0911, -79.2025, 2475m), 6 iv 2008, leg. & det. KJT [KJT]; NA, Archidona : 1 ♀, roadside trib. 26.4 km N of Narupa jct. (2225m), 19 xi 1997, leg. & det. KJT [KJT]; PA, Mera: adults, Abitagua (-1.45, -78.15, 1200m), date?, leg.? det. P. Calvert [ANSP]; PC, Mejía: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Cornejo Astorga, 9.6 km E, ditch (2012m), 21 vii 1977, leg. & det. DRP [DRP]; San Miguel Bancos: 1 ♀, Tandayapa , above, on Tandayapa Valley Road , road through forest (1830m), 1 vii 2008, leg. & det. DRP [DRP].

Rhionaeschna marchali ( Rambur, 1842) . Publ. Recs. ECU: * Martin (1909, 1911), Ris (1918), Schmidt (1942), Dunkle (1981), Paulson (1983), Tsuda (1986, 1991), Steinmann (1997b—as Aeshna marchali ), (H06), (P11), Bota- Sierra (2014a), (H14); CB: Campos (1922); CT: Campos (1922), Calvert (1956); EO: Campos (1922); IM: Calvert (1956); LJ: Calvert (1956), Tennessen & Johnson (2008); NA: Tennessen (1996b); Daigle (1996); Tennessen (1998); PC: Campos (1922), Calvert (1956), Tennessen (1996a); TU: Campos (1922), Navás (1934), Calvert (1956). Also COL, PER, BOL, VEN: (H06), (P11).

Addl. Data. AZ, Cuenca: [ANSP, NMNHL]; Gualaceo: [KJT, NMNHL, TWD, QZAC, USNM]; Guano: [RWG]; Nabón: [FSCA, JJD, KJT, USNM]; Riobamba: [RWG]; BO, Sam Miguel: [RWG]; CR, Espejo: [ACRP]; Tulcan: [ANSP]; CB, Chambo: [RWG]; Colta: [FSCA, RWG]; CT, Latacunga: [ANSP, FSCA]; EO: [QZAC]; IM, Cotacachi: [ANSP, FSCA, KJT, USFQ]; Otavalo: [DRP, FSCA, JJD, KJT, QZAC, SWD, USFQ]; LJ, Loja: [ANSP, JJD, JTJ, RWG]; Saraguro: [NMNHL]; MN: [NMNHL]; NA, Archidona: [DRP, KJT, SWD]; El Chaco: [SWD]; Quijos: [FSCA, JJD, KJT, LSAM, QZAC, SWD, USNM]; PC, Cayambe: [DRP]; Mejía: [ANSP, DRP]; Quito: [FSCA, KJT, QZAC, SWD]; Rumiñahui: [KJT]; San Miguel Bancos: (KJT); SD: [FSCA, QZAC]; TU, Ambato: [RWG]; Baños: [ANSP, FSCA, UMMZ, RWG, QZAC, SWD, USNM]; Patate: [ANSP]; San Pedro: [QZAC]; ZC, Zamora: [RWG].

Rhinoaeschna planaltica ( Calvert, 1952) . Publ. Recs. ECU: Tsuda (1991), Steinmann (1997b—as Aeshna cornigera planaltica ), (H06), (P11), (H14); AZ: Calvert (1952), von Ellenrieder (2003a); BO: Calvert (1956), von Ellenrieder (2003a); CB: * Calvert (1952), von Ellenrieder (2003a); LJ: Tennessen & Johnson (2008); MS: * Calvert (1952), von Ellenrieder (2003a); PA: Calvert (1952, 1956), von Ellenrieder (2003a); PC: von Ellenrieder (2003a). Also ARG, BOL, BRA, PRY, PER, URY, VEN: (P11); plus COL: (H06).

Addl. Data. BO, San Miguel: Balzapamba (-1.7667, -79.1833, 700m), no other data, det. P. Calvert, data from RWG [ANSP]; CB, Cumandá: Naranjapata (-2.2667, -79.0833, 650m), no other data, det. P. Calvert, data from RWG [ANSP]; Alausí: Huigra (-2.7833, -79.4333, 3600m), no other data, det. P. Calvert, data from RWG [ANSP]; LJ, Catamayo: 1 ♂, stream pool, 7 km from Hwy. 50 on road to Zaruma (-3.9458, -79.4953), 7 iv 2008, leg. & det. JTJ [JTJ]; 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, same data but waterfall, [JTJ]; MS, Morona: Río Upano (-2.20, -78.45, 1050m), no other data, det. NVE [UMMZ]; PA, Pastaza: 1 ♂, Puyo (-1.4667, -77.9833, 980m), 4 iv 1976, leg. P. Spangler, det. NVE [USNM]; Mera: Abitagua (-1.45, -78.15, 1200m), no other data, det. P. Calvert [ANSP]; PC, Mejía: 1 ♂, Cornejo Astorga 9.6 km E, ditch (2012m), 16 vii 1977, leg. & det. DRP [DRP]; 1 ♀, same data but 21 vii 1977 [DRP]; 1 ♀, Tandapi (-0.4169, -78.7831, 1400m), 15–20 vi 1965, leg.?, det. NVE [DRP].

Rhionaeschna psilus (Calvert, 1947) . Publ. Recs. ECU: Paulson (1983), Tsuda (1991), (H06), (P11), (H14); EO: von Ellenrieder (2003a); MS: Tennessen (1998); NA: * Calvert (1947a, 1956), von Ellenrieder (2003a); MN: von Ellenrieder (2003a); TU: * Calvert (1947a & 1956), von Ellenrieder (2003a). Also ARG, CEN, PER, VEN: (H06), (P011); plus COL: (P16).

Addl. Data. EO, Piñas: 2 ♂♂, Buenaventura, Río 20 (-3.6792, -79.7373, 880m), 2 vii 2016, leg. & det. ACRP [ACRP]; 1 ♂, same data but, 4 vii 2016; 1 ♂, same data but Riachuelo 20 (-3.6790, -79.7378, 892m), 29 vi 2016; MN, Jipijapa: 1 ♂, [Playa], San Jose, 3 mi inland (-1.38, -80.75, 60m), 14 iii 1970, leg.?, det.? [FSCA]; Manta: 1 ♂, Santa Rosa (-1.3167, -80.6333, 352m), 13 v 1946, leg. L. Alonzo, det. NVE, from CHK [UMMZ]; Portoviejo: 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, concrete ditch, Hwy. E40, E of Portoviejo (-1.0672, -80.1350, 420m), 4 iii 2010, leg. & det. JTJ [JTJ]; MS, Santiago: pond, road between Tayuza and Mendez (-2.7283, -78.2700, 600m), 6 xi 1997, leg. & det. TWD [SWD]; 2 ♀♀, [Patuca], [about 1 mi N], 43.4 km S of Sucua, large pond [about 5 km N of Mendez road jct] (-2.75, -78.27, 488m), 7 xi 1997, leg. & det. JJD [JJD]; 1 ♂, same data but leg. & det. KJT; 1 ♂, same data but 8 xi 1997, leg. & det. WFM [FSCA]; NA, Tena: adults, Río Jatunyacu (-1.0167, -77.8333, 700m), date?, leg.?, det. P. Calvert, data provided by RWG [ANSP]; OR, Loreto: 1 ♂, pond 38.9 km W of Loreto (990m), 14 vi 1995, leg. & det. KJT [KJT]; 1 ♀, forest near Reserva Río Bigal, about 30 km N of Loreto (-0.5642, -77.4114, 900m), 15 v 2009, leg. & det. KJT [FSCA]; TU, Baños : adults, La Palmera (-1.4167, -78.200, 1300m), date?, leg.?, det. P. Calvert, data provided by RWG [ANSP].

Figures

FIGURE 66. Rhionaeschna marchali ♂, ECUADOR, Napo Province, seepage hillside with pools, Hwy. E20, 4.6 km E of Papallacta, 5 xi 2013; photo. K. J. Tennessen.