Fonsecaiulus, , Young, 1977

Felix, Márcio, Mejdalani, Gabriel, Domahovski, Alexandre C. & Cavichioli, Rodney R., 2022, Eight new Brazilian species of Fonsecaiulus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellini) new records of species, and key to males of the genus, Zootaxa 5195 (2), pp. 101-124 : 122

Key to males of Fonsecaiulus

1. Crown and pronotum with lateral portions brown, without longitudinal yellow stripes ( Felix et al. 2015: figs 4a, b, h)..... 2

- Crown and pronotum with lateral pair of longitudinal yellow stripes ( Figs 1 , 9 , 27 , 43 , 61 , 79 , 97 )..................... 3

2. Dorsal yellow stripe broad and occupying most of claval region ( Felix et al. 2015: fig. 4h), its outer boarder markedly serrated on clavus; costal yellow mark large and rounded ( Felix et al. 2015: fig. 4h); aedeagus, in lateral view, with shaft moderately broad and with long dorsoapical acute process ( Young 1977: fig. 624f)................... F. dorsifascia (Osborn, 1926)

- Dorsal yellow stripe narrower and not occupying most of claval region ( Felix et al. 2015: figs 4a, b), its outer boarder slightly sinuous on clavus; costal yellow mark a very small dot ( Felix et al. 2015: fig. 4b); aedeagus, in lateral view, with shaft slender and bearing long apical acute process continuing shaft shape ( Felix et al. 2015: fig. 4f)...... F. filiformis Felix et al., 2015

3. Mesonotum dark brown, rarely with small faint yellow marks anteriorly; paraphyses with pair of long and narrow rami, each with short process on median portion and a shorter one on apical portion ( Young 1977: fig. 626h)... F. sciotus Young, 1977

- Mesonotum with distinct longitudinal yellow stripes; paraphyses, when present, with rami not as above................ 4

4. Paraphyses with pair of long bifid rami, each one bifurcated from the basal portion ( Young 1977: fig. 627h).............................................................................................. F. gaudialis Young, 1977

- Paraphyses, when present, with pair of simple rami, at most bifurcated only in the apical portion ( Felix et al. 2015: figs 2f, g; Figs 6, 7 , 33, 34 , 67, 68 )............................................................................... 5

5. Pygofer very long, about three times longer than high in lateral view ( Fig. 30 ); paraphyses with rami very long, extending posteriorly much farther than aedeagus apex ( Figs 33, 34 ).................................... F. longiramus sp. nov.

- Pygofer broad, at most about two times longer than high in lateral view ( Figs 4 , 12 , 38 , 46 , 64 , 82 , 100 ); paraphyses, when present, with rami shorter, ending anterad of aedeagus apex ( Figs 15 , 67 ) or extending posteriorly at most a little farther than aedeagus apex ( Fig. 7 )................................................................................. 6

6. Subgenital plates with apical third narrowed in ventral view ( Fig. 5 ); aedeagal shaft with strong acute dorsal process on apical third ( Fig. 7 )........................................................................... F. youngi sp. nov.

- Subgenital plates narrowed along apical half ( Fig. 31 ) or along apical two-thirds ( Fig. 13 ), or subtriangular ( Figs 39 , 83 ); aedeagal shaft without such process...................................................................... 7

7. Paraphyses with rami crossing each other on median portion ( Young 1977: figs 625q, r)....... F. cognatus (Schmidt, 1928)

- Paraphyses, when present, with rami not crossing each other or crossing only on apical portion ( Figs 8 , 16 , 34 , 50 , 68 ).... 8

8. Aedeagus with pair of long and slender basiventral processes that are acute apically ( Figs 41, 42 , 85, 86 , 103, 104 ); paraphyses absent.............................................................................................. 9

- Aedeagus without basiventral processes ( Figs 7 , 15 , 33 , 49 , 67 ); paraphyses present............................... 11

9. Aedeagus with basiventral processes not extending posteriorly beyond middle of shaft ( Fig. 85 ); shaft long, tubular, with apex slightly tapered, bearing pair of ventral small acute processes ( Figs 85, 86 )......................... F. takiyae sp. nov.

- Aedeagus with basiventral processes attaining or exceeding apex of shaft ( Figs 41 , 103 ); shaft shorter and expanded on apical half ( Figs 41 , 103 )................................................................................... 10

10. Pygofer truncate posteriorly ( Fig. 100 ); aedeagus with basiventral processes slightly curved medially on apical portion ( Fig. 104 )............................................................................... F. truncatus sp. nov.

- Pygofer broadly rounded posteriorly ( Fig. 38 ); aedeagus with basiventral processes slightly divergent ( Fig. 42 )............................................................................................. F. alvarengai sp. nov.

11. Connective with stalk very long ( Felix et al. 2015: fig. 2e); aedeagus strongly curved ventrally and with broad apex ( Felix et al. 2015: fig. 2f); paraphyses with short basal plate and pair of long and broad complex rami, each ramus with four acute processes ( Felix et al. 2015: figs 2f, g).................................................... F. guttiformis Felix et al., 2015

- Connective without stalk ( Figs 14 , 32 , 40 , 48 , 66 ) or with stalk very short ( Figs 84 , 102 ); aedeagus curved dorsally ( Figs 49 , 67 ); paraphyses without basal plate and with rami not as above............................................... 12

12. Clavus with one continuous oblique yellow stripe on central portion, not attaining claval apex ( Fig. 61 ); connective with distinct stalk ( Fig. 66 )....................................................................................... 13

- Clavus with one broad yellow stripe extending posteriorly to claval apex, interrupted by a median dark elongate macula ( Fig. 43 ); connective without stalk ( Fig. 48 )................................................................... 15

13. Aedeagus with apex truncate to slightly concave in lateral view ( Felix et al. 2015: fig. 1g); paraphyses with pair of long simple rami ( Felix et al. 2015: figs 1g, h).............................................. F. rectangularis Felix et al., 2015

- Aedeagus with apex tapered, acute in lateral view ( Fig. 67 ); paraphyses with pair of complex rami, bearing variable processes ( Fig. 67 )........................................................................................... 14

14. Paraphyses pincer-like, with distal portion of each ramus with two acute processes, one directed dorsally and another posteriorly ( Fig. 67 )............................................................................. F. chelatus sp. nov.

- Paraphyses with each ramus bearing slender, acute dorsal process on median portion and conspicuous dorsoapical process with apical portion curved posteriorly ( Young 1977: fig. 622r)................................. F. flavovittata (Stål, 1859)

15. Aedeagus with shaft elongate, subcylindrical and with acute apex, without processes ( Figs 49, 50 ); paraphyses with each ramus bearing ventral subquadrate lobe at median portion and with apex curved ventrally, hook-shaped ( Figs 49, 50 ).............................................................................................. F. unciformis sp. nov.

- Aedeagus with shaft very tall and with broad apex ( Fig. 15 ); paraphyses with rami not curved apically, without lobe at median portion ( Figs 15, 16 )................................................................................. 16

16. Aedeagus with irregular dorsoapical process ( Young 1977: fig. 623f); paraphyses with rami slender, with apex acute ( Young 1977: fig. 623p).......................................................... F. sanguineovittata (Signoret, 1855)

- Aedeagus with dorsal row of spines, shaft, in ventral view, with crown of apical spines ( Figs 15, 16 ); paraphyses with rami robust, with apex obtuse ( Figs 15, 16 )..................................................... F. spinosus sp. nov.

Figures

FIGURES 1–8. Fonsecaiulus youngi sp. nov., male. 1, body, dorsal view. 2, body, lateral view. 3, face, anterior view. 4, pygofer, valve, and subgenital plate, lateral view. 5, valve and subgenital plates, ventral view. 6, style and connective, dorsal view. 7, aedeagus and paraphyses, lateral view. 8, aedeagus and paraphyses, ventral view.

FIGURES 9–16. Fonsecaiulus spinosus sp. nov., male. 9, body, dorsal view. 10, body, lateral view. 11, face, anterior view. 12, pygofer, valve, and subgenital plate, lateral view. 13, valve and subgenital plates, ventral view. 14, style and connective, dorsal view. 15, aedeagus and paraphyses, lateral view. 16, aedeagus and paraphyses, ventral view.

FIGURES 27–34. Fonsecaiulus longiramus sp. nov., male. 27, body, dorsal view. 28, body, lateral view. 29, face, anterior view. 30, pygofer, valve, and subgenital plate, lateral view. 31, valve and subgenital plates, ventral view. 32, style and connective, dorsal view. 33, aedeagus and paraphyses, lateral view. 34, aedeagus and paraphyses, ventral view.

FIGURES 43–50. Fonsecaiulus unciformis sp. nov., male. 43, body, dorsal view. 44, body, lateral view. 45, face, anterior view. 46, pygofer, valve, and subgenital plate, lateral view. 47, valve and subgenital plates, ventral view. 48, style and connective, dorsal view. 49, aedeagus and paraphyses, lateral view. 50, aedeagus and paraphyses, ventral view.

FIGURES 61–68. Fonsecaiulus chelatus sp. nov., male. 61, body, dorsal view. 62, body, lateral view. 63, face, anterior view. 64, pygofer, valve, and subgenital plate, lateral view. 65, valve and subgenital plates, ventral view. 66, style and connective, dorsal view. 67, aedeagus and paraphyses, lateral view. 68, aedeagus and paraphyses, ventral view.

FIGURES 79–86. Fonsecaiulus takiyae sp. nov., male. 79, body, dorsal view. 80, body, lateral view. 81, face, anterior view. 82, pygofer, valve, and subgenital plate, lateral view. 83, valve and subgenital plates, ventral view. 84, style and connective, dorsal view. 85, aedeagus, lateral view. 86, aedeagus, ventral view.

FIGURES 97–104. Fonsecaiulus truncatus sp. nov., male. 97, body, dorsal view. 98, body, lateral view. 99, face, anterior view. 100, pygofer, valve, and subgenital plate, lateral view. 101, valve and subgenital plates, ventral view. 102, style and connective, dorsal view. 103, aedeagus, lateral view. 104, aedeagus, ventral view.

FIGURES 35–42. Fonsecaiulus alvarengai sp. nov., male. 35, body, dorsal view. 36, body, lateral view. 37, face, anterior view. 38, pygofer, valve, and subgenital plate, lateral view. 39, valve and subgenital plates, ventral view. 40, style and connective, dorsal view. 41, aedeagus, lateral view. 42, aedeagus, ventral view.