Belostoma aurivillianum ( Montandon, 1899 )

Ribeiro, Josė Ricardo Inacio, 2007, A review of the species of Belostoma Latreille, 1807 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Belostomatidae) from the four southeastern Brazilian states, Zootaxa 1477 (1), pp. 1-70 : 13-14

Belostoma aurivillianum ( Montandon, 1899)

( Figs 3 ; 16B ; 22A )

Zaitha aurivilliana Montandon, 1899: 171 .

Belostoma aurivillianum: Kirkaldy & Torre-Bueno 1909: 190 .

Types.—According to Schnack (1976), B. aurivillianum was described based on three syntypes. The first male specimen ([?], Colombia) is deposited in MNHN, the second ([?], Venezuela) is in HNHM [not examined], and the third ([?], Brazil) is in NHRS [not examined]. The first specimen is herein designated lectotype .

Material examined.— BOLIVIA. *1 f ( MACN 52422 ): Santa Cruz, Buena Vista, “Prov. de Ichilo”, II.1950, ( Martinez ), J. A. de Carlo det. BRAZIL. Amazonas — 1 f ( MACN): Uriariti , Papagaio River , [without date and collector], J. A. de Carlo det. Mato Grosso — *1 f ( MACN): XI.1966, (M. Vianna), J. A. de Carlo det. *3 f ( MNRJ 122 ): Chapada dos Guimarães, IV.1963, ([?] Machado ), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. * 1 m ( HNHM): Cuiabá , [without date and collector], A. L. Montandon det. 1914. Minas Gerais — 1 f ( DPIC 557 ): Formiga , Furnas Lake , 01.I.1994, (S. N. Alves), A. L. Melo det. 1 m ( DPIC 670 ): Serra de Cipó-km 110, [without date], (P. C. Heterovick), A. L. Melo det. Pará — *1 f ( SEMC 6479 ): [without date], ( Baker ) [?], “J. R. de la Torre- Bueno collection (K.U.)”, J. D. Lattin det. 1951 as B. stolli, N. Nieser det. 1972. 1 f ( INPA 0020936 ): “UnB [?]-Mun. Benevides-PA–408”, 14.V.1981, (E. Oliveira), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1999. 1 m ( INPA 0020991 ): “UnB [?]-Mun. Benevides-PA-408”, 14.V.1981, (E. Oliveira), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1999. Paraná — *1 f ( MACN 53945 ): Arapoti , I.1953, (A. Maller), Campos Seabra collection, J. A. de Carlo det. Roraima — 1 f ( INPA 0020938 ): Boa Vista , 06.VII.1977, (N. D. Penny), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1999. * 1 m ( INPA 0020902 ): Caraçari , 13.V.1977, (N. D. Penny), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1999. *1 f ( INPA 0020884 ): Pacaraima- 4° 27’ 04” N, 61° 07’ 56” W, 07.VII.1996, (B. R. Teles and F. Xavier), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1999. 1 f ( INPA 0020885 ): Uraricoera River , Ilha de Maracá , 18–28.VIII.1987, (J. A. Rafael, L. S. Aquino, J. F. Vidal, and E. Binda) [at light pitfall], M. E. L. de Souza det. 1987. 1 f ( INPA 0020886 ): Uraricoera River , Ilha de Maracá , 18–28.VIII.1987, (J. A. Rafael, L. S. Aquino, J. F. Vidal, and E. Binda) [at light pitfall], M. E. L. de Souza det. 1987. 2 m / 1 f ( MZSP): Surumu, IX.1966, (M. Alvarenga and F. M. Oliveira), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1999. São Paulo — * 1 m ( HNHM): [without date and collector], A. L. Montandon det. 1910. 1 f ( SEMC): São Paulo [?], 1924, [without collector], D. W. Craik det., D. R. Lauck det. 1959. 1 f ( SEMC): Ypirango sic [= Ipiranga], 27.XI.1923, ( R. Spitz), D. W. Craik det., D. R. Lauck det. 1959. 1 m ( MZSP 70061 ): Mogi das Cruzes, 1932, (M. Vianna), J. A. de Carlo det. 1 m ( MZSP): Ribeirão Preto–“Fac. Medicina”, XI.1954, (M. P. Barretto), M. P. Barretto-1969 collection, J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1999. * 1 m ( MACN): Santo André, Paranapiacaba, X.1952, (Werum [?]), A. O. Bachmann collection, J. A. de Carlo det. 1 f ( MZSP 70058 ): São Bernardo do Campo , XI.1928, ( R. Spitz), J. A. de Carlo det. COLOMBIA. 1 m ( MNHN 302-40 ): [without a more precise locality, date, and collector], A. L. Montandon det. 1899, lectotype .

Distribution.— BOLIVIA ( Lauck 1963): Santa Cruz ( Nieser 1975). BRAZIL ( Montandon 1899): Goiás ( Menke & Lauck 1962), Mato Grosso ( Ribeiro 2005), Minas Gerais ( Nieser & Melo 1997), Pará ( Lauck 1963), Paraná ( Ribeiro 2005), Rio de Janeiro ( Ribeiro 2005), Rio Grande do Sul ( Lanzer 1976), Roraima ( Nieser 1975), São Paulo ( Lauck 1963). COLOMBIA ( Montandon 1899). PARAGUAY: Cororó ( De Carlo 1966). SURINAM: Nickerie ( Nieser 1975). VENEZUELA ( Montandon 1899).

Description.–Measurements (m / f). Total length (from apex of head to apex of hemelytra at rest) 32.0– 36.9 / 35.2–37.6; largest width of body 13.8–16.0 / 14.2–16.0; median length of pronotum 6.32–7.20 / 6.56– 7.44; greatest pronotal width 10.56–12.80 / 11.20–12.72.

General coloration dark brown. Dorsum with peculiar brownish golden hairs.

Body elongate with its lateral margins slightly parallel. Length of anteoculus 0.88–1.13 times length of interoculus; length of rostral segment I 0.85–0.97 times length of segment II; anterior frontogenal suture longer than posterior frontogenal suture; clypeus reaching ocular line; vertex with longitudinal median carina; posterior interocular width 1.40–1.64 times length of anteoculus, and 1.45–1.71 times width of eye; eyes rounded. Posterior part of pronotum with distinct longitudinal median carina; lateral foveae usually deep, prominent, producing slight carinae on posterior part of pronotum; greatest pronotal width 1.67–1.78 times its length; scutellum rough, elevated, usually reaching nodal line (0–0.40 mm), with longitudinal median carina; prosternal keel slightly anteriorly curved, pointed at apex ( Fig. 3A ). Pilosity extending along genital operculum, usually covering about half of connexivum.

Male genitalia ( Fig. 3C–E ).—Dorsal arms slightly parallel, not narrowing gradually toward apex in dorsal view; ventral diverticulum without dorsal caudal protuberance in dorsal and lateral views, and with poorly developed ventroapical protuberance in lateral and ventral views; caudal lateral margins of ventral diverticulum convex, not sinuous in ventral view; width of ventral diverticulum about 1.2 times its length in ventral view.

Variation.—In some specimens from the State of Pará, the prosternal keel is slightly truncated at its apex ( Fig. 3B ). The specimens from the states of Rondônia and São Paulo are smaller (32.0– 32.5 mm), and not similar to ones examined by Lauck (1963), Schnack (1973, 1976), and Nieser (1975). Moreover, the dorsal arms of the phallotheca are relatively larger, rounded at its apex in dorsal view ( Fig. 3F–J ), and the width of ventral diverticulum is equal to its length in ventral view.

Comparative notes.— Schnack (1976) states that the clypeus almost reaches the ocular line; however, in all specimens I examined the clypeus reaches the ocular line; the difference is probably due to a different orientation of the head when measuring. In most specimens the head is declined anteriorly and if one measured the relation of the clypeal/ocular line with the horizontal body axis and not the main horizontal axis of the head itself, one gets the same result as Schnack (1976). Based on Nieser (1975), the differences found in the aspect of phallus of one specimen from Surinam do not agree with those observed by Lauck (1963). Nieser (1975) suggests that the specimen from Surinam represents an undescribed species. The presence of carina on vertex, pronotum, and scutellum, including the general appearance of the dorsal arms of phallotheca ( Fig. 3C– J ) herein reported in B. aurivillianum , suggest a close relationship between it and B. stollii ( Fig. 13C–K ). Belostoma stollii has a better developed carina on the vertex, also on the pronotum and scutellum, whereas in B. aurivillianum the carina on the vertex is poorly developed.

Figures

FIGURE 3. Belostoma aurivillianum (Montandon, 1899). 3A–B, Prosternal keel (lateral view): 3A, Specimen from Roraima (INPA 0020902). 3B, Specimen from Pará (SEMC 6479). 3C–J, Phallus: 3C–E, Specimen from Pará (INPA 0020991). 3F–H, Specimen from Rondônia (MZSP). 3I–J, Specimen with danified phallus from São Paulo (MACN). 3C, 3F and 3I, Dorsal views. 3D, 3G and 3J, Ventral views. 3E and 3H, Lateral views. Scale bar: 1.00 mm.

FIGURE 13. Belostoma stollii (Amyot & Serville, 1843). 13A–B, Prosternal keel (lateral view): 13A, Specimen from State of Rio de Janeiro (DZRJ-a 465), 13B, Specimen from State of Amazonas (SEMC). 13C–K, Phallus: 13C–E, Specimen from State of Rio de Janeiro (DZRJ-a 465). 13F–H, Specimen from Saracreek, Suriname (MACN). 13I–K, Specimen from State of Rio de Janeiro (DZRJ-a 466). 13C, 13F and 13I, Dorsal views. 13D, 13G, and 13J, Ventral views. 13E, 13H, and 13K, Lateral views. Scale bar: 1.00 mm.

FIGURE 16. Dorsal habitus. 16A, Belostoma anurum (Herrich-Schäffer, 1848): specimen from State of Minas Gerais (MZSP). 16B, B. aurivillianum (Montandon, 1899): specimen from State of Roraima (INPA 0020902). 16C, B. bergi (Montandon, 1899): specimen from Rio Grande [?] (MNHN, lectotype). 16D, B. bosqi De Carlo, 1932: specimen from State of Rondônia (INPA 0020940). Scale bar: 10.00 mm.

FIGURE 22. Geographic distribution map of Belostoma species in southeastern Brazil. 22A, = B. anurum, = B. aurivillianum. 22B, = B. bergi, = B. bosqi; = B. candidulum.