Xyphinus karschi, Kranz-Baltensperger, 2014

Kranz-Baltensperger, Yvonne, 2014, The goblin spider genus Xyphinus (Araneae; Oonopidae), Zootaxa 3870 (1), pp. 1-79 : 63

Xyphinus karschi new combination

( Figs 53–56 ; map 4 )

Gamasomorpha karschi Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 117 , pl. 16, f. 455.

Gamasomorpha karschi: Uyemura, 1937a: 61

Pseudotriaeris karschi: Brignoli, 1974h: 77 , f. 7-11.

Pseudotriaeris echinatus Yin & Wang, 1984a: 55 , f. 4A-K.( Song, 1987: 96)

Pseudotriaeris karschi: Song, 1987: 96 , f. 60.

Pseudotriaeris karschi: Chen & Zhang, 1991: 61 , f. 52.1-6.

Pseudotriaeris karschi: Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 72 , f. 29G-H.

Pseudotriaeris karschi: Ono, 2009a: 103 , f. 32-33.

Pseudotriaeris karschi: Yin et al., 2012: 185 , f. 43a-k.

Type material. 1 male (lectotype, designation most probably by Brignoli 1974; Senck. Mus. Frankfurt No. 2782; type of Gamasomorpha karschi ), Japan, Saga, 1882, Dönitz leg. 1 female (Senck. Mus. Frankfurt 2781; labeled Gamasomorpha cataphracta ), same locality and date as male lectotype. ( Brignoli 1974: Note: as this species is easily distinguished from G. cataphracta and Bösenberg & Strand had a couple of it, probably some time or another the female has been misplaced.)

Additional material examined. TAIWAN: 3 males & 2 females ( PBI _ OON 00032591 ), Kenting Nationalpark, Howard Beach Resort , Frog Rock , Secondary Forest , 30.6.2013, leg. C. Kropf & M. Richard, NHMB . 1 male & 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00032219 ), Taipei County, Beitou Township, Jiantan metro station, Jiantan Shan Hiking Trail , 2.1.2009, dead tree trunk and bark, leg. S. Vit, MHNG . THAILAND: 1 male ( PBI _ OON 00012533 ), Sukhothai Province, Ramkamhaeng National Park, at the foot of Khao Luang , 250 m, 27.7.1987, leg. P. Schwendinger, MHNG .

Diagnosis. Members of this species are quite large. Males can be distinguished from congeners by the conspicuous laterally outstanding palpal cymbium and the absence of microsculpture on the palpal patella and tibia ( Figs 53B,G ; 54B–E ). The female epigastric region is characterized by a large sclerotized arch ( Fig. 56 ).

Description. Male. Total length 1.82 mm. Carapace: Orange-brown, ovoid in dorsal view, strongly elevated in lateral view, anteriorly narrowed to between 0.5 and 0.75 times its maximum width, with angular posterolateral corners, posterolateral edge without pits, anterolateral corners without extensions or projections, posterolateral surface without spikes ( Fig. 53A, D, F, H ), surface and sides of carapace finely reticulate, fovea present. Lateral margin with sharply pointed denticles. Clypeus: Sinuous in frontal view, vertical in lateral view, high, ALE separated from edge of carapace by their radius or more ( Fig. 53G ). Eyes: ALE largest, ALE and PLE circular, PME oval. Posterior eye row recurved from above, straight from front. ALE separated by their radius to diameter, ALE and PLE touching, PLE and PME separated by less than PME radius, PME touching ( Fig. 53A, D, G ). Sternum: Wider than long, sickle-shaped structures not touching. Radial furrows opposite coxae III absent. Surface smooth. Mouthparts: Chelicerae slightly divergent, with swelling on anterior face, promargin with microsculpture ( Fig. 53G ). Labium rectangular, indented at middle, with 3-5 setae on anterior margin. Abdomen: Book-lung covers elliptical. Scuto-pedicel region with interrupted straight scutal ridge and few small bumps with elongated setae. Dorsal scutum pale orange, middle surface and sides smooth, anterior half without projecting denticles ( Fig. 53C ). Epigastric scutum not protruding. Postepigastric scutum with short posteriorly directed lateral apodemes ( Fig. 54A ). Posterior spiracles connected by groove. Legs: Harpoon-like hairs covering the distal part of metatarsi and tarsi III and IV. Tibiae with three, metatarsi with one trichobothria each. Genitalia: Sperm pore large, situated in front of anterior spiracles. Trochanter normal size, unmodified. Femur one to two times as long as trochanter, attaching to patella medially; patella about as long as femur, tibia one and half times as long as patella, with three trichobothria. Cymbium pale orange, narrow in dorsal view, fused with bulb, but with clearly defined seam between, laterally outstanding ( Figs 53B, E ; 54B–F ), bulb yellowish, 1 to 1.5 times as long as cymbium, with several dark, sclerotized apophyses and membranous outgrowth dorsally ( Fig. 54B–F ).

Female. Total length 1.84 mm. Female palp spineless, femora with two spine-like hairs ventrally, tibiae with three trichobothria and few stronger setae prolaterally. Abdomen: Epigastric scutum slightly protruding ( Figs 55C ; 56A ). Genitalia: Epigastric furrow narrow. Bubble-like structure visible, surrounded by sclerotized arch anteriorly and sclerotized half-circle posteriorly ( Figs 55B, H ; 56B–D ).

Figures

MAP 4. Records of X. infaustus sp. nov. (star), X. rogerfedereri sp. nov. (triangles), X. pachara sp. nov. (circle) and X. karschi (squares).

FIGURE 53. Xyphinus karschi male. A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view; D, carapace, dorsal view; E, carapace, ventral view; F, carapace, lateral view; G, carapace, anterior view; H, carapace, posterior view. Scale bars A, B, C = 1 mm; D, E, F, G, H = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 54. Xyphinus karschi male. A, abdomen, ventral view; B, D, left palp, prolateral view; C, E, left palp, retrolateral view; F, left palp, ventral view. Scale bars A = 0.5 mm; B, C, D, E, F = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 55. Xyphinus karschi female. A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view; D, carapace, dorsal view; E, carapace, ventral view; F, carapace, lateral view; G, carapace, anterior view; H, abdomen, ventral view. Scale bars A, B, C = 1 mm; D, E, F, G, H = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 56. Xyphinus karschi female. A, abdomen, lateral view; B, C, epigastric area, ventral view; D, epigastric area, dorsal view. Scale bars A = 0.5 mm; B, C, D = 0.1 mm.