Xyphinus hystrix Simon, 1893

Kranz-Baltensperger, Yvonne, 2014, The goblin spider genus Xyphinus (Araneae; Oonopidae), Zootaxa 3870 (1), pp. 1-79 : 6-10

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.3870.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0844EBCA-5432-4912-80B6-150732635B78
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4947436
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C73B87AE-0D57-FFF2-2FAE-D865FB7EFED0
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Xyphinus hystrix Simon, 1893
status

Treatment

Xyphinus hystrix Simon, 1893 View in CoL

( Figs 1–4 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 ; map 1 View MAP 1 )

Xyphinus hystrix Simon, 1893 a: 303 View in CoL , f. 254–255

Xyphinus hystrix: Simon, 1893 c: 76 (Dmf) View in CoL .

Xyphinus hystrix: Deeleman-Reinhold, 1987: 42 View in CoL , f. 1–7 (mf).

Type material. Male holotype and female paratype ( PBI _ OON 00006249 ) from Singapore, Simon, 1893: Museum Paris 13797 Singapore! Holotype, examined.

Additional material examined. MALAYSIA: Pahang, Pulau Tioman: 1 male ( PBI _ OON 00015422 ), 1 km N of Kg. Genting , N 2°47’0” N, E 104°08’4”, 100–250 m GoogleMaps , 20.IV.2005, leg. A. Schulz, MHNG. 2 males ( PBI _ OON 00015678 ), westside, 2 km SE of Kg. Genting , N 2°47’, E 104°8’, 100m GoogleMaps , 25. VI .2001 GoogleMaps , leg. A. Schulz & K. Vock, MHNG. 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00012674 ), 2 km E of Kg. Tekek GoogleMaps N 2°49’5“, E 104°11’0“, 500m, 23.IV.2005, leg. A. Schulz, MHNG . SINGAPORE: Bukit Timah: 1 male & 2 females ( PBI _ OON 00031938 ), N 1.35470°, E 103.77605° GoogleMaps , 21.II.1983, coll. C. Deeleman, RMNH. 1 male & 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00012481 ), Nature Reserve, Jungle Fall Valley , 100 m (rain forest along small stream) , 9. VI . 2001 , leg. P. Schwendinger, MHNG. 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00012790 ), Nature Reserve , 27.VII.1969, leg D. Murphy, MHNG. 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00012175 ), Nature Reserve , 100m, N 1°23’, E 103°47’ GoogleMaps , 16.VIII.2004, leg. A. Schulz, MHNG .

Diagnosis. Male and female can be easily distinguished from all other Xyphinus species by the presence of two pairs of backwards directed spikes on the carapace. One pair is rather small, situated on the elevated portion of the carapace, the other one is large and slightly curved, situated on the posterior end of the carapace ( Figs 1A,C View FIGURE 1 ; 3A,C View FIGURE 3 ). The male palpal tibia bears two rather large and strong setae prolaterally, the bulb is characterized by a small membranous apophysis and a bifid outgrowth prolaterally ( Figs 1G,H View FIGURE 1 , 2A–E View FIGURE 2 ); the female epigastric region shows a small, triangular-shaped element ( Figs 3E,F View FIGURE 3 ; 4A–D View FIGURE 4 ).

Description. Male. Total length 1.91 mm. Carapace: Orange-brown, ovoid in dorsal view, strongly elevated in lateral view, anteriorly narrowed to between 0.5 and 0.75 times its maximum width, with rounded posterolateral corners, posterolateral edge with pair of pits, anterolateral corners without extension or projections, posterolateral surface with two pairs of spikes, surface of pars cephalica and sides smooth, fovea present, but barely visible, lateral margin with sharply pointed denticles, small in front, becoming larger towards end of carapace ( Fig. 1A,C View FIGURE 1 ). Clypeus: Straight in frontal view, vertical in lateral view, high, ALE separated from edge of carapace by their radius or more ( Fig. 1D View FIGURE 1 ). Eyes: PME largest, ALE and PLE circular, PME oval, posterior eye row straight from above, procurved from front; ALE separated by their radius to diameter, ALE and PLE separated by less than ALE radius, PLE and PME separated by less than PME radius, PME touching ( Fig. 1A,D View FIGURE 1 ). Sternum: Longer than wide, sickle-shaped structures elongated anteriorly, touching, thus appearing as a triangle. Radial furrows opposite coxae III long, directed medially.. With evenly scattered setae. Surface smooth ( Fig. 1B,F View FIGURE 1 ). Mouthparts: Chelicerae slightly divergent, with swelling on anterior face, setae evenly scattered ( Fig. 1D View FIGURE 1 ). Labium rectangular, indented at middle, with 3–5 setae on anterior margin. Abdomen: Book-lung covers elliptical. Scuto-pedicel region with paired curved scutal ridges, with slightly longer setae dorsal of pedicel ( Fig. 1E View FIGURE 1 ). Dorsal scutum orange-brown, surface smooth, without projecting denticles. Epigastric scutum not protruding. Postepigastric scutum with short posteriorly directed lateral apodemes ( Fig. 1B View FIGURE 1 ). Posterior spiracles connected by groove. Legs: Tibia with three, metatarsi with one trichobothria each. Tarsal organ of leg IV with three sensilla ( Fig. 2F View FIGURE 2 ). Genitalia: Sperm pore situated in front of anterior spiracles. Male palp: Trochanter normal size, unmodified. Femur one to two times as long as trochanter, attaching to patella basally; patella shorter than femur; tibia with two long, strong setae prolaterally and three trichobothria. Cymbium pale orange, ovoid in dorsal view, fused with bulb, seam almost not visible. Bulb pale orange, 1 to 1.5 times as long as cymbium, distal part of bulb with several dark, sclerotized apophyses, one small, membranous, curved at its tip, one bifid ( Figs 1G–H View FIGURE 1 , 2A–D View FIGURE 2 ).

Female. Total length 2.08 mm. Carapace: Slightly elevated in lateral view ( Fig. 3C View FIGURE 3 ). Female palp spineless, femora with two spine-like hairs ventrally, tibia with three trichobothria. Abdomen: Scuto-pedicel region with widely W-shaped scutal ridge. Epigastric scutum slightly protruding ( Fig. 3C View FIGURE 3 ). Legs: Tarsal organ of leg I with three sensilla ( Fig. 3G View FIGURE 3 ). Genitalia: Epigastric furrow very narrow. Transparent, triangle-shaped structure visible posteriorly of the furrow. This rather short structure is surrounded by sclerotized half circle and lined with numerous needle-like hairs. Anterior margin of postepigastric scutum thickened ( Figs 3E–F View FIGURE 3 ; 4A–D View FIGURE 4 ).