Xyphinus holgeri, Kranz-Baltensperger, 2014

Kranz-Baltensperger, Yvonne, 2014, The goblin spider genus Xyphinus (Araneae; Oonopidae), Zootaxa 3870 (1), pp. 1-79 : 32-33

Xyphinus holgeri sp. nov

( Figs 26–28 ; map 2 )

Type material. Holotype: male ( PBI _ OON 00032566 ), LAOS: Luang Prabang Prov., SE Luang Prabang, Nam Khan, between Ban Khon Why, and Xieng Ngeun , Houay Tham , 363 m, N 19°44'51.2, E 102°13'15.4", along stream, leaf litter at rocks, at daytime, sieving, 24.III.2007, leg. P. Jäger, SMF . Paratypes: 1 male & 4 females ( PBI _ OON 00016737 ) , collected with holotype, SMF . 1 male & 2 females ( PBI _ OON 00016739 ) , Luang Prabang Prov., SE Luang Prabang, Nam Khan, Xieng Ngeun Distr., Ban Keng Koung , ca. 372m, N 19°40'963", E 102°18'442". N–side of Nam Khan , along stream bed, bamboo, few bananas and mangos, by Winkler , 25.II.2008, leg P. Jäger, SMF . 1 male & 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00016736 ) , Luang Prabang Prov., SE Luang Prabang, Nam Khan, Ban Keng Koung , 372 m, N 19°40'963", E 102°18'442", along stream, leaf litter, sieving, at daytime, 22.III.2007, leg. P. Jäger, SMF . 1 male & 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00016735 ) , Luang Prabang Prov., SE Luang Prabang, Nam Khan, Ban Nong Di , 281m, N 19°41'03,5", E 102°21'31,2" along stream, leaf litter, sieving at daytime, 21.III.2007, leg. P. Jäger, SMF . 2 females ( PBI _ OON 00016738 ) , Luang Prabang Prov., NE Luang Prabang, Nam Ou, Nong Khiao, Tham Pathok , 373 m, N 20°33'082", E 102°37'925", outside cave, leaf litter, sieving, 17.–18.III.2007, leg. P. Jäger & F. Steinmetz, SMF. THAILAND : 1 male ( PBI _ OON 00012683 ) , Chiang Mai Province, Hot District, near Ban Mae Sanam, at turn off to Omkoi , 1080 m, 1.X.1991; leg. P. Schwendinger, MHNG . 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00016095 ) , Chanthaburi Prov., forest near Phliu Waterfall , 10 km SE of Chanthaburi, 150–250 m, N 12°30’83”, E 102°10’25”, 23.–26.X.2006, leg. A. Schulz, MHNG . 1 male ( PBI _ OON 00015367 ) , Kanchanaburi Province, Thong Pha Phum District, near Piloke Mine, at the border to Myanmar , 350m, 25.I.1991, leg. P. Schwendinger, MHNG . 1 male ( PBI _ OON 00015302 ) , Prachuab Khiri Khan Province, Thap Sakae District, Nam Tok Huay Yang National Park , 670m, 29.XI.1991, leg. P. Schwendinger, MHNG .

Additional material examined. LAOS: 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00031421 ), Bolikhamsay Province, Nam Kading National Protected Area, Tad Vang Fong Training Centre , N 18°20'28.8", E 104°08'37.5", 150 m, disturbed secondary forest, leaf litter, bark of tree, foliage, by hand, at night, 23.III.2011, leg P. Jäger & L. Nophasead, SMF . 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00031453 ), Bolikhamsay Prov., Lak Sao (5), N 18°12'41.6", E 104°50'26.6", 551 m, cool valley, bed of a stream, dry, at day, sieving, 10.XI.2009, leg P. Jäger & S. Bayer, SMF . 7 females ( PBI _ OON 00016734 ), Luang Prabang Prov., SE Luang Prabang, Nam Khan, Ban Pak Bak, Houay Kho 328 m, N 19°44'09,1", E 102° 16'37,5" leaf litter at slope of stream, at dusk, sieving, 23.III.2007, leg P. Jäger, SMF . THAILAND: 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00012578 ), Phuket Island & Province, Kathu Waterfall, 80 m (semi-evergreen rainforest), NW of Kathu, 10.XII. 2001, leg. P. Schwendinger, MHNG . 2 females ( PBI _ OON 00031417 ), Trat Prov., Gulf of Thailand, Ko Chang, Kheeri Phet , 50–150 m, N 12°00'27.6", E 102°21'09.2", secondary forest, sweepnet, sieving, by hand, at day, 2.XI.2009, leg. P. Jäger & S. Bayer, SMF . 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00012476 ), Surat Thani Province, Samui Island, near Na Muang Waterfall , 30m, 5.I.1992, leg. P. Schwendinger, MHNG . 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00015546 ), Chonburi Province, Si Racha District, Khao Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary , 110–200 m, 14.IX.1994, leg. P. Schwendinger, MHNG . 1 male & 5 females (part) ( PBI _ OON 00015833 ), Trat Prov., Ko Chang , west side, N 12°03’, E 102°18’, 50–200 m, 3.–23.XII.1999, leg. A. Schulz (WINKLER-extraction in secondary forest with primary spots), MHNG . 1 male & 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00012733 ), Trat Province, Laem Ngop District, Chang Island, forest above San Sai Beach , 20-50m, 6.- 8.9.1993, leg. P. Schwendinger, MHNG . 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00015548 ), Chanthaburi Province and District, Nam Tok Phliu National Park , 50–100 m, 12.– 13.11.1998, leg. P. Schwendinger, MHNG . 1 male ( PBI _ OON 00032637 ), Nakhon Si Thammarat; Namtok Yong NP, behind campground lavatory, N8° 10.434 " E99° 44.508 ", field number: T 3072 , elev., malaise trap, leg. U-prai, 29.VII.2008, MCZ . MALAYSIA: 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00012027 ), Kedah, Langkawi Island, inside and outside Landak Cave , N 6°18'14.5", E 99°51'28.8" E, 60 m, E of Kuah, 29.XI.2001, leg. P. Schwendinger, MHNG . 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00015578 ), Sarawak: Bau, grotte Gua Puang près du Kampong Pelaman Sekiang dans un escarpement du Gunung Jambusan , 30 m, 4.XII.1987, leg. B. Hauser, MHNG . 1 male & 1 femal ( PBI _ OON 00016212 ), Sarawak: route Kuching to Serian, près du Kampong Kuap (à 18 km de Kuching ), forêt secondaire, battage, 30 m, 13.XII.1987, leg. C. Lienhard, MHNG . 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00012026 ), Kedah, Pulau Langkawi, Gunung Raya , NE side, 300–500 m, N 6°24’ N, E 99°50’, 29.-30.XII.2004, leg. A. Schulz, MHNG . BRUNEI: 1 male ( PBI _ OON 00016221 ), Belait District: Andulau Forest Reserve, 3.5 km S de Sungai Liang (39.5 km de Labi), forêt primaire (mixed dipterocarp forest), K–7 ( Kompartment 7), 50 m; 19.XI.1988, leg. B. Hauser, MHNG .

Etymology. The species is dedicated to Dr. Holger Frick from the Liechtensteinisches Landesmuseum, Liechtenstein.

Diagnosis. This rather small species is very similar to the recently described X. pakse Tong & Li, 2013 from Laos, but can be distinguished from it by the lack of the two thick setae on the palpal cymbium ( Figs 26E–G ; 27 A- C; see also Tong & Li, 2013; Figs 11J, L ; 12A, B ). The female of X. holgeri sp. nov. shows a small roundish structure in the epigastric region ( Figs 28D–H ).

Description. Male. Total length 1.55 mm. Carapace: Orange-brown, ovoid in dorsal view, strongly elevated in lateral view, anteriorly narrowed to 0.49 times its maximum width or less, with angular posterolateral corners, posterolateral edge without pits, anterolateral corners with slightly sclerotized triangular projections, posterolateral surface with few tiny spikes ( Fig. 26A,C ), surface of pars cephalica and sides smooth, fovea absent. With two small spikes on the elevated portion of pars cephalica ( Fig. 26A ). Lateral margin with sharply pointed denticles. Clypeus: Sinuous in frontal view, vertical in lateral view, high, ALE separated from edge of carapace by their radius or more ( Fig. 26D ). Eyes: ALE largest, ALE and PME oval, PLE circular. Posterior eye row recurved from above, straight from front. ALE separated by their radius to diameter, ALE and PLE touching, PLE and PME touching, PME touching ( Fig. 26 A,D ). Sternum: Longer than wide, sickle-shaped structures not touching. Radial furrows opposite coxae III absent. Surface smooth. Mouthparts: Chelicerae slightly divergent, with swelling on anterior face, setae evenly scattered, promargin with microsculpture ( Figs 26D ; 27F ). Labium rectangular, indented at middle, with 3- 5 setae on anterior margin. Abdomen: Book-lung covers elliptical. Scuto-pedicel region with straight scutal ridge and few small bumps with elongated setae. Dorsal scutum orange brown, middle surface and sides smooth, anterior half with few small, projecting denticles ( Fig. 27C ). Epigastric scutum not protruding. Postepigastric scutum with short posteriorly directed lateral apodemes ( Fig. 27B ). Posterior spiracles connected by groove. Legs: Tibia with three, metatarsi with one trichobothria each. Genitalia: Sperm pore large, situated at level of anterior spiracles. Trochanter normal size, unmodified. Femur one to two times as long as trochanter, attaching to patella medially; patella about as long as femur, with microsculpture on prolateral surface, tibia one and a half times as long as patella, with microsculpture on prolateral side, with three trichobothria ( Fig. 27A ). Cymbium pale orange, ovoid in dorsal view, fused with bulb, but with clearly defined seam between, bulb orange-brown, 1 to 1.5 times as long as cymbium, with several dark, sclerotized apophyses and membranous outgrowth dorsally ( Figs 26E–G ; 27A–F ).

Female. Total length 1.72 mm. Mouthparts: Chelicerae anterior face unmodified. Eyes: Posterior eye row straight from above, procurved from front. Female palp spineless, femora with two spine-like hairs ventrally, tibia with three trichobothria and few stronger setae prolaterally. Abdomen: Epigastric scutum slightly protruding ( Fig. 28C ). Legs: Harpoon-like hairs covering the distal part of metatarsi III and IV. Genitalia: Epigastric furrow narrow. Dark, knob-like structure visible ( Figs 28D–H ).

Figures

MAP 2. Records of X. montanus (triangles), X. xanthus (circle), X. xelo (square) and X. holgeri sp. nov. (stars).

FIGURE 11. Xyphinus gibber female. A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view; D, carapace, anterior view; E, left palp, prolateral view; F, abdomen, lateral view; G, same, ventral view. Scale bars A, B, C, F, G = 1 mm; D = 0.5 mm; E = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 12. Xyphinus gibber female. A, C, epigastric area, ventral view; B, D, same, dorsal view. Scale bars 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 26. Xyphinus holgeri sp. nov., male. A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view; D, carapace, anterior view; E, left palp, prolateral view; F, same, retrolateral view; G, same, ventral view. Scale bars A, B, C = 1 mm; D = 0.5 mm; E, F, G = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 27. Xyphinus holgeri sp. nov., male. A, left palp, prolateral view; B, same, retrolateral view; C, same, ventral view. D, right palp, prolateral view, SEM; E, right bulb, ventral view; F, eye region, dorsal view; G, mouthparts, ventral view. Scale bars A–G = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 28. Xyphinus holgeri sp. nov., female. A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view; D, abdomen, ventral view; E, G, epigastric area, ventral view; F, H, epigastric area, dorsal view. Scale bars A, B, C = 1 mm; D = 0.5 mm; E–H= 0.1 mm.