Zodarion, Walckenaer, 1826

Benhalima, Souâd & Bosmans, Robert, 2020, Revision of the genus Zodarion Walckenaer, 1833 (part IV). The species of Morocco (Araneae: Zodariidae), Zootaxa 4899 (1), pp. 93-114 : 95-96

Key to the Zodarion species of the Moroccan region

Males (male of Z. trianguliferum unknown)

1 Tibial apophysis equal to or shorter than the tibia’s diameter ( Figs 3 , 9 , 15, 19 ).................................... 2

- Tibial apophysis much longer than the tibia’s diameter ( Figs 32–33, 37–38, 42–43 , 72–73, 76–77, 80–81 , 84–85, 88–89, 92–93 ).............................................................................................. 3

2 Embolus gradually narrowing; median apophysis small ( Figs 10 , 20 ).................................... Z. pallidum

- Distal part of embolus needle-like; median apophysis large ( Figs 4 , 16 )................................ Z. isabellinum

3 Embolus terminally with two teeth ( Figs 29–30, 34–36, 39–41 )................................................. 4

- Embolus terminally with one tooth ( Figs 70–71, 74–75, 78–79 , 82–83, 86–87, 90–91 )............................... 6

4 Tibial apophysis with oblique retrolateral groove ( Figs 32–33 ).......................................... Z. valentii

- Tibial apophysis without oblique retrolateral groove ( Figs 37–38, 42–43 )......................................... 5

5 Tibial apophysis elongated, with median blunt tooth ( Figs 37–38 )..................................... Z. maculatum

- Tibial apophysis shorter, with recurved tip ( Figs 42–43 )..................................... Z. maghrebense sp. nov.

6 Tibial apophysis narrow from its base ( Figs 72–73, 76–77 , 92–93 ).............................................. 7

- Tibial apophysis wide ( Figs 80–81 , 84–85, 88–89 )........................................................... 9

7 Distal part of tibial apophysis well developed, bent in dorso-lateral direction ( Figs 92–93 )......... Z. wesolowskae sp. nov.

- Distal part of tibial apophysis small ( Figs 72–73, 76–77 )...................................................... 8

8 Tibial apophysis gradually narrowing, with recurved tip ( Figs 76–77 )............................. Z. ericorum sp. nov.

- Tibial apophysis terminally widened into a spoonlike tip ( Figs 72–73 )........................... Z. azrouense sp. nov.

9 Tibial apophysis truncate terminally, tip slightly recurved ( Figs 88–89 )............................... Z. ogeri sp. nov.

- Tibial apophysis rounded terminally, tip distinctly recurved ( Figs 80–81 , 84–85 ).................................. 10

10 Tibial apophysis less elongated, with wide recurved tip ( Figs 78–79 )..................... Z. jeanclaudeledouxi sp. nov.

- Tibial apophysis elongated, with small recurved tip ( Figs 82–83 )................................. Z. mostafai sp. nov.

Females (females of Z. jeanclaudeledouxi sp. nov., Z. ogeri sp. nov. and Z. wesolowskae sp. nov. unknown)

1 Epigyne flat, without large pit ( Figs 5 , 12 , 17, 21 )............................................................ 2

- Epigyne with large pit, mostly near the posterior border ( Figs 44–58 ), rarely in the median part ( Figs 94–101 ) or in the anterior part of the epigyne and accompanied by a chitinised knob ( Figs 102–109 )........................................ 3

2 Median plate rectangular ( Figs 5 , 17 )............................................................ Z. isabellinum

- Median plate trapezoid ( Figs 12 , 21 ).............................................................. Z. pallidum 3 Epigyne with pit situated at posterior border ( Figs 44–45, 49–50, 54–55 )......................................... 4

- Epigyne with pit in the median or anterior part ( Figs 94–95, 98–99, 102–103, 106–107 )............................. 6

4 Epigynal pit with postero-median angularity ( Figs 49–50 )........................................... Z. maculatum

- Epigynal pit without postero-median angularity ( Figs 44–45, 54–55 )............................................. 5

5 Epigynal pit twice as wide as high ( Figs 44–45 )...................................................... Z. valentii

- Epigynal pit only slightly wider than high ( Figs 54–55 )..................................... Z. maghrebense sp. nov.

6 Epigyne anteriorly with triangular plate ( Figs 106–107 ).......................................... Z. trianguliferum

- Epigyne anteriorly without triangular plate ( Figs 94–95, 98–99, 102–103 )........................................ 7

7 Epigynal pit positioned anteriorly ( Figs 102–103 )............................................. Z. mostafai sp. nov.

- Epigynal pit positioned medially ( Figs 94–95, 98–99 )........................................................ 8

8 Epigynal pit hardly chitinised ( Figs 94–95 )................................................. Z. azrouense sp. nov.

- Epigynal pit with posterior border strongly chitinised ( Figs 98–99 )............................... Z. ericorum sp. nov.

Figures

FIGURES 1–6. Zodarion isabellinum (Simon, 1870). 1 Male, dorsal view; 2 Female, ventral view; 3 Male palp, retrolateral view; 4 Idem, ventral view; 5 Epigyne; 6 Vulva.

FIGURES 7–14. Zodarion pallidum Denis, 1952. 7 Male, dorsal view; 8 Female, dorsal view; 9 Male palp, retrolateral view; 10 Idem, ventral view; 11 Idem, prolateral view; 12 Epigyne, ventral view; 13 Vulva, ventral view; 14 Idem, dorsal view.

FIGURES 15–22. Zodarion isabellinum (Simon, 1870) (15–18) and Zodarion pallidum Denis, 1952 (19–22). 15, 19 Male palp, retrolateral view; 16, 20 Idem, ventral view; 17, 21 Epigyne; 18, 22 Vulva, ventral view.

FIGURES 29–43. Genitalic morphology of Zodarion valentii Bosmans, Loverre & Addante, 2019 (29–33), Z. maculatum (Simon, 1870) (34–38) and Z. maghrebense sp. nov. (39–43). 29, 30, 34, 35, 39, 40 Male palp, ventral view; 31 Tibial apophysis, retrolateral view; 32, 33, 37, 38, 42, 43 Male palp, retrolateral view; 36, 41 Tip of embolus, ventral view.

FIGURES 70–81. Genitalic morphology of Zodarion azrouense sp. nov. (70–73), Z. ericorum sp. nov. (74–77) and Z. jeanclaudeledouxi sp. nov. (78–81). 70, 71 74, 75, 78, 79 Male palp, ventral view; 72, 73, 76, 77, 80, 81 Idem, retrolateral view.

FIGURES 82–93. Genitalic morphology of Zodarion mostafai sp. nov. (82–85), Z. ogeri sp. nov. (86–89) and Z. wesolowskae sp. nov. (90–93). 82, 83, 86, 87. 90, 91 Male palp, ventral view; 84, 85, 88, 89, 92, 93 Idem, retrolateral view.

FIGURES 44–58. Genitalic morphology of Zodarion valentii Bosmans, Loverre & Addante, 2019 (44–48), Z. maculatum (Simon, 1870) (49–53) and Z. maghrebense sp. nov. (54–58). 44, 45, 49, 50, 54, 55 Epigyne, ventral view; 46, 48, 51, 53, 56, 58 Vulva, ventral view; 47, 52, 57 Vulva, dorsal view.

FIGURES 94–109. Genitalic morphology of Zodarion azrouense sp. nov. (94–97), Z. ericorum sp. nov. (98–101), Z. mostafai sp. nov. (102–105) and Z. trianguliferum Denis, 1952 (106–109). 94, 95, 98, 99, 102, 103, 106, 107 Epigyne, ventral view; 96, 97, 100, 101, 104, 105, 108, 109 Vulva, dorsal view.