Senecio doronicum subsp. doronicum

Calvo, Joel, Álvarez, Inés & Aedo, Carlos, 2015, Systematics of Senecio section Crociseris (Compositae, Senecioneae), Phytotaxa 211 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

2a. Senecio doronicum subsp. doronicum

Doronicum incanum Linnaeus (1753: 886) . TYPE: Switzerland, “prope Gothard Rhaetia”, [46º38'N 8º25'E], Herb. Burser X: 29 (lectotype, designated by Calvo et al. (2012: 127), UPS image!).

Senecio montanus Lamarck (1779: 130) . Senecio doronicum var. barrelieri Timbal-Lagrave (1875: 474) , nom. illeg. ( McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art. 53.1), non Duby (1828: 263). TYPE: [icon] Barrelier (1714: fig. 229) (lectotype, designated here).

Senecio doronicum var. vulgaris Candolle (1838a: 357) . TYPE: France, Haute-Savoie , Brezon, [46º02'N 6º26'E], 9 Aug 1817, sine collector (lectotype, designated here, G-DC!).

Senecio doronicum var. polycephalus Candolle (1838a: 357) . TYPE: France, Haute-Savoie, Chamonix, Col de Balme , [46º01'N 6º58'E], sine collector (lectotype, designated here, G-DC!).

Senecio doronicum var. arachnoideo-floccosus Hegetschweiler & Heer (1840: 831). TYPE: Switzerland, Ticino, Malvaglia, Vogelberg [Vogelsberg, 46º28'N 9º03'E], 1834, O. Heer s.n. (lectotype, designated here, G-DC!) .

Senecio doronicum var. glabratus Hegetschweiler & Heer (1840: 831) . TYPE: Switzerland, Alps , J. Hegetschweiler & O. Heer s.n. (Z?, not found).

Senecio doronicum var. niveo-tomentosus Hegetschweiler & Heer (1840: 831). TYPE: Switzerland, Alps , J. Hegetschweiler & O. Heer s.n. ( Z?, not found) .

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Senecio doronicum var. contractus Rouy (1903: 327) . TYPE: France, Hautes-Alpes, Vars, Col de Vars , [44º37'N 6º40'E], 6 Aug 1883, J.M.C. Arvet-Touvet et al. 4143 (lectotype, designated here, LY!; isolectotypes, FI!, G-DC!, MT!, P-3777650 image!, P-3778658 image!, P-3777630 image!, P-3683267 image!).

Senecio doronicum var. pseudogerardi Rouy (1903: 328) [“pseudo-gerardi”]. Senecio pseudogerardi Rouy (1903: 328) [“pseudo-Gerardi”], nom. nud., pro syn. ( McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art. 38.1). SYNTYPES: France, “Jura; la Dôle, le Reculet, le Colombier de Gex; Alpes; haute Provence; Forez; Cévennes; Auvergne; Corbières; Pyrénnées”, G. Rouy s.n. (LY?, non found).

Senecio doronicum var. jagglianus Chenevard (1904: 644) . Senecio doronicum f. jagglianus (Chenevard) Fiori (1907: 181) [“jaegglianus”]. SYNTYPES: Switzerland, Valais, Pierre à Voir, [46º07’N 7º12’E], P. Chenevard s.n. (G?, not found); Switzerland, Ticino, val Vigornesso, [46º21’N 8º47’E], M. Jaeggli s.n. (G?, not found).

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CALVO ET AL.

Senecio doronicum f. calvescens Briquet & Cavillier (1916: 33) . SYNTYPES: France-Italy, Alpes-Maritimes, “mont Mangiabo, près de Breil; vallée sup. de la Gordolasca; mont Clapier; col de Fremamorta; val Ciastiglione; bergerie du lac de Vens, vall. sup. de la Tinée (herb. Saint-Yves)” (LAU?, non found).

Senecio doronicum f. leucocephalus Briquet & Cavillier (1916: 33) . TYPE: France, Alpes-Maritimes , montagne des Muntis sur Fontan, [44º01'N 7º33'E], 7 July 1886, E. Reverchon 166 (lectotype, designated here, P-3777629 image!; isolectotypes, B-10-0299574 image!, P-3683343 image!).

Senecio doronicum f. normalis Briquet & Cavillier (1916: 32) . SYNTYPES: France-Italy, Alpes-Maritimes, “col de Tende (Alioth in herb. Burn.); mont Urno; env. de Breil: mont Mangiabo; Il Prajet; Passo di monte Colomb (herb. Thuret); entre Venanson et Saint-Dalmas de Valdeblore; entre le Tournairet et la cime de la Combe (herb. Saint-Yves); extrém. sup. du val Ciastiglione ; massif du Mounier: Vignols, Portes de Longon et Bloc isolé (herb. Saint-Yves); entre Launes et Quartier (env. de Beuil); éboulis de l'Enchastrayes, versant E.; Salzo Moreno; désert de Saint-Barnabé près Saint-Martin d'Entraunes (Reverchon in herb. Burn.)” (G?, LAU?, non found).

Senecio doronicum f. odontotus Briquet & Cavillier (1916: 33) . SYNTYPES: France-Italy, Alpes-Maritimes, “Sella Piastra, entre les vallées de l'Ellero et de Pesio; mont Ventabron près Breil; env. de Beuil: Tète de Giarons” (G?, non found).

Senecio doronicum var. laricetorum Briquet & Cavillier (1916: 36) . TYPE: France, Alpes-Maritimes, between le mont Tournairet and la Tête de Siruol , [44º01'N 7º14'E], 20 July 1905, J.I. Briquet & F.G. Cavillier s.n. (G?, not found).

Senecio doronicum var. microcephalus Briquet & Cavillier (1916: 34) . TYPE: Italy, Liguria, Albenga, Zuccarello, monte Nero , [44º06'N 8º04'E], J.I. Briquet & F.G. Cavillier s.n. (G?, not found).

Stem covered with scattered scabrid-arachnoid trichomes to floccose. Leaves covered with scattered arachnoid trichomes above, arachnoid to floccose beneath. Capitula (1–)2–4(–7); involucral bracts (20–)24–30(–34), weakly arachnoid to floccose; supplementary bracts (9–)14–22(–26), 6.4–12.9 mm long, two thirds to as long as involucral ones, weakly arachnoid to floccose. Ligulate florets yellow or light orange. Chromosome number: 2 n =40 ( Guinochet 1967: 1623); n =20 ( Küpfer 1972: 1753); n =40 ( Afzelius 1951: 68, Küpfer 1972: 1753); n =60 ( Küpfer 1972: 1753). Figure 3 .

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Iconography: — Jacquin (1778: fig. 45); Reichenbach (1853: fig. 975-1); Fiori (1904: 414, n.º 3496); Hegi (1928: pl. 268-2).

Distribution and habitat: — Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Switzerland; alpine meadows, montane pastures, rocky slopes, edge of woods of Abies alba Miller (1768 : n.º 1), Fagus sylvatica Linnaeus (1753: 998) , Picea abies (Linnaeus) Karsten (1881: 325) , Pinus mugo Turra (1764: 152) , on calcareous and siliceous soils; elevations of 1500–2600 m ( Figure 4 ).

Phenology: —Flowering from June to September.

Discussion: —We did not locate any specimen of the original material of S. montanus . Since Lamarck (1779) cited the Barrelier’s illustration n.º 229 in the protologue, we lectotypify the name S. montanus with that illustration, and therefore it becomes a heterotypic synonym of S. doronicum subsp. doronicum . It has to be noted that Lamarck probably wrongly used the names S. doronicum and S. montanus . In the description of S. doronicum , he cited that the basal leaves are oval to oblong, with a simple capitulum, and that the species grows through the Provence mountains; this information matches better S. provincialis . On the other hand, S. montanus is described as a plant with the basal leaves ovate to lanceolate, the upper ones slightly glabrous, with a terminal corymb, distributed through the mountains of the southern provinces, and this fits better S. doronicum subsp. doronicum .

Selected specimens examined. AUSTRIA. Salzburg: Salzburger Alpen , 47º40’N, 13º13’E, 16 June 1909, A . Spitzel 435 ( G) . Tyrol: Nordtirol, Lechtaler Alpen, Simshütte und Falmedonjöchl , 47º12’N, 10º21’E, 12 July 1964, W . Dietrich 1063 ( M) . Vorarlberg: Silvretta-Gruppe, Jamtal , 46º52’N, 10º6’E, 22 July 1984, H . Hertel 28025 ( M) . FRANCE. Alpes-de-Haute-Provence: près du Villard d'Allos , 44º14’N, 6º38’E, 8 July 1859, E. A . Willmott s.n. ( K). Alpes-Maritimes: Col de Tende , 44º8’N, 7º33’E, 27 June 1861, E . Bourgeau 334 ( F). Drôme: cime du Montuez sur le Vercors , 44º55’N, 5º18’E, 13 July 1951, J . Terré 1762 ( K). Hautes-Alpes: col du Galibier, cara sur, 45º3’N, 6º24’E, 20 Aug 2010, J . Calvo 5030 ( MA). Haute-Savoie: glacière au Brezon, 46º2’N, 6º25’E, 11 Sep 1860, E . Bourgeau s.n. ( F). Isère: La Moucherolle, 45º1’N, 5º32’E, 22 July 1885, A . Marais s.n ( MT). Savoie: Mont Cenis, 45º15’N, 6º54’E, E . Rostan s.n. ( B) . GERMANY. Bavaria: Ammergauer Alpen. Hochplatte , E der Roggentalgabel , 47º33’N, 10º50’E, 11 July 1988, P . Eggensberger 221 ( M); Allgäuer Alpen, Oberstdorf, am Linkerskopf, 47º16’N, 10º16’E, 17 July 1947, H . Merxmüller & W . Wiedmann 17707 ( M) . ITALY. Aosta Valley: Val d'Aoste, Val Savaranche , 45º46’N, 7º5’E, 12 June 1982, H . Bamps-Rayez 45 ( BR) . Liguria: ex monte Porcile , liguria orientalis, 44º21’N, 9º30’E, [sine collector] ( L) . Lombardy: Longobardia sup., prov. di Sondrio, Bormio , loco dicto S . Pietro , 46º28’N, 10º23’E, 2 July 1905, M . Longa 973 ( E) . Piedmont: Limonetto , 44º10’N, 7º33’E, 25 May 2010, J . Calvo & A . Unió 4666 ( MA) . Trentino-Alto Adige / Südtirol: prov. Bolzano, Matschtal , boven Matsch , 46º43’N, 10º41’E, 9 July 1956, J . Ooststroom 19319 ( L) . Veneto: Monte Baldo, helling langs Monte Altissimo , 45º42’N, 10º50’E, 5 July 1971, J. E . Langhe 368/1971 ( BR) . SWITZERLAND. Bern: Mürren bij Interlaken, 46º33’N, 7º53’E, July 1968, A . Beek s.n. ( L) . Graubünden: Engiadina Bassa , between Guarda and Lavin, 46º46’N, 10º7’E, 9 July 1979, E . Zogg 4605 ( MA) . Obwalden: summit of Pilatus , 46º58’N, 8º15’E, 22 Aug 1907, J. R . Churchill s.n. ( MO) . St. Gallen: Flumserberge, 200 m. WSW der Zigerlücke über Lias-Sandstein , 47º3’N, 9º13’E, 26 Aug 1951, E . Sulger Büel s.n. ( NY) . Uri: vicinity of Klausen-pass, uppermost part of Schächental , 46º52’N, 8º50’E, 20 Aug 1978, K. U . Kramer 6621 ( MA) . Valais: Valsorey, Grand Combin , 45º53’N, 7º17’E, 12 July 1990, E . Valdés-Bermejo 12016 ( MA) . Vaud: Tour d'Aï , 46º22’N, 7º0’E, July 1918, B . Wiki s.n. ( G) .

Figures

FIGURE 3. Senecio doronicum (Linnaeus) Linnaeus subsp. doronicum, sine collector 20 June 1960 (MO).

FIGURE 4. Distribution map for Senecio doronicum subsp. doronicum (Linnaeus) Linnaeus (▲) and S. doronicum subsp. orientalis Calvo (○).