Inca irroratus Chevrolat, 1833

Sousa, Rafael & Seidel, Matthias, 2021, Review of the Inca irroratus species group with description of two new species of Inca LePeletier & Serville, 1828 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Cetoniinae), European Journal of Taxonomy 748 (1), pp. 15-35 : 30-32

Inca irroratus Chevrolat, 1833

Figs 1K–O, R , 2I–L, O , 3C, F , 5

Ynca irrorata Chevrolat, 1833 : unpaginated.

Inca irroratus Burmeister & Schaum, 1840: 380 .

Inca burmeisteri Burmeister, 1847: 568 . Syn. nov.

Differential diagnosis

Inca irroratus can be distinguished from the other two species of the group by: females with clypeus bearing a medial rounded fovea (fovea absent in I. axeli sp. nov. and I. neglectus sp. nov.); medial tooth well developed (almost indistinct in I. neglectus sp. nov.); clypeal horns in males with dorsolateral tooth short and rounded (long and acute in I. axeli sp. nov. and I. irroratus ); pronotum with posterior angles rounded (acute in I. axeli sp. nov. and I. neglectus sp. nov.) and lateral margin slightly sinuous and deeply crenulated (strongly sinuous and shallowly crenulated in I. axeli sp. nov. and I. neglectus sp. nov.); posterior tooth of protibia short and rounded (long and acute in I. axeli sp. nov. and I. neglectus sp. nov.); epipleuron with irregular and rounded marks on median area (indistinct marks in I. axeli sp. nov. and I. neglectus sp. nov.); outer distal process of parameres short and slightly rounded (long and acuminated in I. axeli sp. nov.; long and rounded in I. neglectus sp. nov.) (see Table 2 ).

Material examined

Neotype of Inca irroratus (here designated)

BRAZIL – Rio de Janeiro • 1 ♂; “Rio. Jan. [Rio de Janeiro], Fry; 7517, Fry Coll. 1905-100.”; BMNH .

Lectotype of Inca burmeisteri (here designated)

BRAZIL – Rio de Janeiro • 1 ♂; “Bras. [Brasil], Bske [Bescke] leg., Burmeisteri *, Besck, LECTOTYPE, Inca burmeisteri, Burmeister, 1847 , des. Sousa & Seidel 2020”; MLUH .

Paralectotypes of Inca burmeisteri

BRAZIL – Rio de Janeiro • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for I. burmeisteri lectotype; MLUH .

Additional material

BRAZIL – Rio de Janeiro • 1 ♀; Nova Friburgo, Mury ; 1200 m a.s.l.; Apr. 1999; R. Rajs coll., “Coleção E & P. Grossi”; UFRPE • 1 ♂; “Rio. Jan. [Rio de Janeiro], Fry, Ynca burmeisteri Burm , irroratus (Oliv) Burm ; Brasilia, Fry Coll. 1905-100”; BMNH .

Type locality

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Redescription

Male

BODY ( Fig. 1K–M ). Total length including clypeal horns 43–47 mm (neotype: 44 mm); width across humeri 18–19 mm (neotype: 18 mm).

COLOUR. Reddish brown; dorsal surface with metallic reflections; legs and meso- and metathoraX with reddish brown bright colour ( Fig. 1K–M, R ).

HEAD. Surface of frons with reddish brown waxy secretion; clypeal horns with inner dorsal carina weak, anterior area gradually interrupted at apex; dorsolateral tooth short and rounded ( Fig. 1R ).

THORAX. Lateral margin of pronotum slightly sinuous and deeply crenulated; lateromedial area with grooved fovea; longitudinal groove shallow; posterior angles rounded ( Fig. 1K–M ); anterior prosternal process evenly rounded, projected and densely setose in median area. Scutellar shield punctate in anterolateral area. Elytra with light yellow waxy maculae covering all surface; epipleuron with irregular and rounded marks on median area ( Fig. 3F ).

LEGS. Posterior tooth of protibia short and rounded ( Fig. 3C ). Mesempodium with 2 setae.

ABDOMEN. Fovea of sternite VII slightly marked. Disc of pygidium densely punctate, lateral area with well-defined punctures.

TERMINALIA. Aedeagus: outer distal process of parameres short and slightly rounded ( Fig. 1N–O ).

Female

BODY ( Fig. 2I–K ). Length 44.0– 48.5 mm; width across humeri 18.0– 19.5 mm. Disc of clypeus with large and rounded fovea below process of posteromedian area ( Fig. 2O ).

Distribution

Brazil: Rio de Janeiro State (Nova Friburgo) ( Fig. 5 ).

Remarks

The holotype of I. irroratus cannot be found in the Muséum national d’histoire naturelle (Paris, France) or in the Natural History Museum (BMNH, London, United Kingdom) and we therefore consider it lost. The description by Chevrolat is rather general and does not allow to precisely identify the species. According to Chevrolat, the species is “bearing a very short median horn preceded by the transverse carina”, a combination of characters none of the two species in question possess. Females exhibit an elevated carina on the head only in one species ( Fig. 2O ), whereas the other ( Fig. 2N ) only possesses a cone-shaped tubercle. None of the species have a horn. Additionally, based on the illustration of the type of I. irroratus by Gory & Percheron (1833), which lacks carina and horn, the female has a strongly crenulated pronotal margin and a medial tooth in the clypeal margin. To fiX the identity of I. irroratus , we designate a male neotype (conspecific with females possessing the aforementioned characters) from BMNH ( Fig. 1K–O, R ) from the type locality (Rio de Janeiro).

Not knowing the exact number of syntypes and their depositories and to guarantee nomenclatural stability, we designate a male lectotype for I. burmeisteri from the syntype series deposited in MLUH. The lectotype of I. burmeisteri is conspecific with I. irroratus , and therefore I. burmeisteri becomes a junior synonym. For I. irroratus sensu Burmeister (1847) , see the description of I. neglectus sp. nov.

Figures

Fig. 1. Males of Inca spp. A–E, P. Inca axeli sp. nov., holotype (MZSP 22036). – F–J, Q. Inca neglectus sp. nov., paratype (MZSP). – K–O, R. Inca irroratus Chevrolat, 1833, neotype (BMNH). A, F, K. Dorsal habitus. B, G, L. Ventral habitus. C, H, M. Lateral habitus. D, I, N. Dorsal view of aedeagus. E, J, O. Lateral view of aedeagus. P–R. Dorsal view of head. Scale bars = 5 mm.

Fig. 2. Females of Inca spp. and type labels. A–D, M. Inca axeli sp. nov. – E–H, N. Inca neglectus sp. nov. –I–L, O. Inca irroratus Chevrolat, 1833. A, E, I. Dorsal habitus. B, F, J. Ventral habitus. C, G, K. Lateral habitus. D, H, L. Type labels. M–O. Frontal view of head. Scale bars = 5 mm.

Fig. 3. Morphological details of Inca spp. A, D, G–N. I. axeli sp. nov. (A, D: ♀, G–N ♂). – B, E. I. neglectus sp. nov. – C, F. I. irroratus Chevrolat, 1833. A–C. Protibia, lateral view. D–F. Details of elytral epipleuron. G–N. Mouthparts. G–I. Right mandibles (dorsal, inner and ventral view). J–K. Labrum (dorsal and frontal view). L. Right maxilla (dorsal view). M. Epipharynx. N. Labium.

Fig. 5. Distribution map of species of the Inca irroratus group.